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[[Image:72-houris.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Impresión de un artista de las 72 vírgenes. El Corán, hadith y las escuelas islámicas mencionan que a los hombres musulmanes se les recompensará con vírgenes en el Paraíso.]] | [[Image:72-houris.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Impresión de un artista de las 72 vírgenes. El Corán, hadith y las escuelas islámicas mencionan que a los hombres musulmanes se les recompensará con vírgenes en el Paraíso.]] | ||
Este artículo discute lo que el [[Qur'an]], [[hadith]] y las escuelas [[Islamic| | Este artículo discute lo que el [[Qur'an|Corán]], [[hadith]] y las escuelas [[Islamic|islámicas]] dicen sobre las 72 [[virgins|vírgenes]], y disipa la confusión popular que le rodea. | ||
==Paraíso Sensual== | ==Paraíso Sensual== | ||
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Las principales corrientes de eruditos islámicos, por ejemplo [[Gibril Haddad]], han comentado sobre la naturaleza erótica del Paraíso Coránico que algunos hombres pueden necesitar ghusl ([[ablution|ablución]] requerida después de la descarga sexual) solo al escuchar ciertos versos.<ref name="LI June 2003">{{cite web|url=http://mac.abc.se/home/onesr/f/Sex_w.slaves.a.women.html |title=Sex with slaves and women's rights|publisher=Living Islam |author=Shaykh Gibril Haddad |date=June 2, 2003 |quote=El Corán no menciona que para los habitantes del Paraíso -varones y mujeres- {Circularán entre ellos jóvenes criados de eterna juventud} (56:17), {Y circularán entre ellos criados jóvenes de eterna juventud. Viéndoles, se les creería perlas desparramadas.}(76:19). Si esto no hace feliz a una mujer entonces, como el Imam al-Shafi`i dijo al que no se conmovió por la poesía erótica, "No tienes sentimientos." Para los hombres creyentes, como dijo uno de los Awliya, algunos necesitará ghusl solo al escuchar el verso {de turgidos senos, de una misma edad}(78:33). Para los analfabetos de corazón insensible podemos leerlo y leerlo sin efecto alguno. |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://mac.abc.se/home/onesr/f/Sex_w.slaves.a.women.html&date=2011-05-22 |archivedate=2011-05-22 |deadurl=no}}</ref> | Las principales corrientes de eruditos islámicos, por ejemplo [[Gibril Haddad]], han comentado sobre la naturaleza erótica del Paraíso Coránico que algunos hombres pueden necesitar ghusl ([[ablution|ablución]] requerida después de la descarga sexual) solo al escuchar ciertos versos.<ref name="LI June 2003">{{cite web|url=http://mac.abc.se/home/onesr/f/Sex_w.slaves.a.women.html |title=Sex with slaves and women's rights|publisher=Living Islam |author=Shaykh Gibril Haddad |date=June 2, 2003 |quote=El Corán no menciona que para los habitantes del Paraíso -varones y mujeres- {Circularán entre ellos jóvenes criados de eterna juventud} (56:17), {Y circularán entre ellos criados jóvenes de eterna juventud. Viéndoles, se les creería perlas desparramadas.}(76:19). Si esto no hace feliz a una mujer entonces, como el Imam al-Shafi`i dijo al que no se conmovió por la poesía erótica, "No tienes sentimientos." Para los hombres creyentes, como dijo uno de los Awliya, algunos necesitará ghusl solo al escuchar el verso {de turgidos senos, de una misma edad}(78:33). Para los analfabetos de corazón insensible podemos leerlo y leerlo sin efecto alguno. |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://mac.abc.se/home/onesr/f/Sex_w.slaves.a.women.html&date=2011-05-22 |archivedate=2011-05-22 |deadurl=no}}</ref> | ||
Los teólogos musulmanes ortodoxos como al-Ghazali (murió el 1111 dC) y al-Ash'ari (murió el 935 dC) han analizado los placeres sensuales encontrados en el Paraíso, contando el hadith que describe el Paraíso como un mercado de [[Slavery|de esclavos]] donde "no habrá compra ni venta, pero... Si cualquier hombre desea tener relaciones sexuales con una mujer, lo hará a la primera".<ref>"''Ali relató que el Apóstol de Alá dijo, "Hay en el Paraíso un mercado en donde no habrá compra ni venta, si no que consistirá de hombres y mujeres. Cuando un hombre desea una belleza, tendrá relaciones con ella.''" - Al Hadis, Vol. 4, p. 172, No. 34</ref><ref name=" Religious_Sciences3">{{cite web|url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm |title=Ihya Uloom Ed-Din (The Revival of the Religious Sciences) Vol. 4|author=Al Ghazzali|quote= Un hombre preguntó al Profeta: O Profeta de Dios, ¿tendrán los moradores del Paraíso relaciones sexuales? Él dijo: Un morador del Paraíso tendrá quinientas hurs, cuatro mil mujeres solteras y ocho mil mujeres viudas. Cada una seguirá acogiéndole durante toda su vida mundana. También dijo: Habrá en el Paraíso mercados en los que no habrá compra ni venta, si no hombres y mujeres. Si cualquier hombre deseara tener relaciones sexuales con una mujer, lo hará a la primera. Las Hurs cantarán en el Paraíso con divina pureza y rezarán- nosotros somos bellas Hurs y estamos para los honorables maridos.|series=Death and Subsequent Events 430|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm&date=2012-12-03 |archivedate=2012-12-03|deadurl=no}}</ref> | Los teólogos musulmanes ortodoxos como al-Ghazali (murió el 1111 dC) y al-Ash'ari (murió el 935 dC) han analizado los placeres sensuales encontrados en el Paraíso, contando el hadith que describe el Paraíso como un mercado de [[Slavery|de esclavos]] donde "no habrá compra ni venta, pero... Si cualquier hombre desea tener relaciones sexuales con una mujer, lo hará a la primera".<ref>"''Ali relató que el Apóstol de Alá dijo, "Hay en el Paraíso un mercado en donde no habrá compra ni venta, si no que consistirá de hombres y mujeres. Cuando un hombre desea una belleza, tendrá relaciones con ella.''" - Al Hadis, Vol. 4, p. 172, No. 34</ref><ref name="Religious_Sciences3">{{cite web|url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm |title=Ihya Uloom Ed-Din (The Revival of the Religious Sciences) Vol. 4|author=Al Ghazzali|quote= Un hombre preguntó al Profeta: O Profeta de Dios, ¿tendrán los moradores del Paraíso relaciones sexuales? Él dijo: Un morador del Paraíso tendrá quinientas hurs, cuatro mil mujeres solteras y ocho mil mujeres viudas. Cada una seguirá acogiéndole durante toda su vida mundana. También dijo: Habrá en el Paraíso mercados en los que no habrá compra ni venta, si no hombres y mujeres. Si cualquier hombre deseara tener relaciones sexuales con una mujer, lo hará a la primera. Las Hurs cantarán en el Paraíso con divina pureza y rezarán- nosotros somos bellas Hurs y estamos para los honorables maridos.|series=Death and Subsequent Events 430|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm&date=2012-12-03 |archivedate=2012-12-03|deadurl=no}}</ref> | ||
Esto es citado por el Tafsir Ibn Kathir en su [[Tafsir|Cometario Coránico]] <ref>[http://www.islam-universe.com/tafsir_ibn_kathir/55.51771.html These two gardens are lower, in virtue and in status than the two before them, as supported in the Qur'an]</ref> , y descrito explícitamente por el comentador y erudito del Corán, al-Suyuti (fallecido en 1505), quien, haciéndose eco de un hadith [[hasan]]<ref name="SP 4828"></ref> de Ibn Majah,<ref name="Ibn Majah 39"></ref> escribió que "las vírgenes perpetuas tendrán "vaginas apetecibles", y que lo penes de los Elegidos nunca se ablandan. La [[Priapism - Permanent Erection|erección es eterna]]".<ref name="Al-Suyuti">"''Cada vez que nos acostamos con una Houri la encontramos virgen. Además, el pene de los Elegidos nunca se ablanda. La erección es eterna; la sensación que tienes cada vez que haces el amor es completamente deliciosa y fuera de este mundo y si lo experimentases en este mundo te desmayarías. Cada Elegido se casará con setenta [sic] houris, además de las mujeres con que se casó en la tierra, y todas tendrán vaginas apetecibles.'" - Al-Suyuti, Al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Qur'an, p. 351''</ref> | |||
Los placeres sexuales entre creyentes y houris en el Paraíso también son confirmados por las dos colecciones [[Sahih]] de hadiths, denominadas Sahih Bukhari<ref name="Bukhari455544">"''Narrado por Abu Huraira: El Apóstol de Alá dijo, "El primer grupo de gente que entrará en el Paraíso, será resplandeciente como la Luna llena...Sus mujeres serán houris..."''" - {{Bukhari|4|55|544}}</ref> y Sahih Muslim, donde leemos que habrá vírgenes tan bellas, puras y transparentes que "el tuétano de los huesos de sus piernas será visto a través de las huesos y la carne",<ref name="Bukhari454476">"''Narrado por Abu Huraira: El Profeta dijo, "El primer lote (de gente) que entre en el Paraíso será (resplandeciente) como la Luna llena, y el segundo lote será (resplandeciente) como la estrella más brillante del cielo. Sus corazones serán como el corazón de un solo hombre, no habrá ni enemistad ni envidia entre ellos; todo el mundo tendrá dos mujeres de entre las houris, (quienes serán tan bellas, puras y transparentes que) el tuétano de los huesos de sus piernas se verá a través de los huesos y la carne''" - {{Bukhari|4|54|476}}</ref> y que "los creyentes las visitarán y disfrutarán".<ref>"'' El Apóstol de Alá (la bencición y paz de Alá sea con él) dijo: "En el Paraíso hay un pabellón hecho de una sola perla hueca de sesenta millas de ancho, en cada esquina de ella hay mujeres que no serán vistas en las otras esquinas; y los creyentes las visitarán y disfrutarán.''" - {{Bukhari|6|60|402}}</ref> | |||
==Descripciones== | |||
Se pueden encontrar varias descripciones relacionadas con las houri en varias referencias islámicas. Algunas incluyen: | |||
'''Atributos Físicos''': | |||
:*Ojos amplios y bellos/encantadores <ref name="Sura37_48" /><ref name="Sura52_20">"''Estarán reclinados en lechos alineados. Y les daremos por esposas a huríes de grandes ojos.''" - {{Quran|52|20}}</ref><ref name="Sura56_22"></ref> | |||
:*Como perlas <ref>"''semejantes a perlas ocultas''" - {{Quran|56|23}}</ref> | |||
:*Sin pelo excepto las cejas y la cabeza <ref name="Sunan_al-Tirmidhi_5638" /> | |||
== | [[File:78 33-Kawaiba.jpg|thumb|right|Además de las traducciones Coránicas del verso 78:33 especificando que las vírgenes serán [[wiktionary:voluptuous|'''voluptuosas''']]<ref name="Sura78_33" "="">"''Y mujeres voluptuosas de igual edad;''" - {{Quran|78|33}}</ref>,Sahih International lo traduce como ''"'''de turgidos senos, de una misma edad'''"''. Tafsir al-Jalalayn dice ''"y''' pechugonas''' doncellas (kawā‘ib es el plural de kā‘ib) de igual edad (atrāb es el plural de tirb)"''. Diversos escolares islámicos explican que tendrán ''"'''grandes, redondeados pechos''' que no serán proclives a colgar"''.<ref name="Sunan_al-Tirmidhi_v2"></ref><br /><br />[[Image:Brsts.jpg|167px|right]]]] | ||
:*Bellas<ref name="Bukhari454476"></ref> | |||
:*De piel blanca <ref name="Religious_Sciences">{{cite web|url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm |title=Ihya Uloom Ed-Din (The Revival of the Religious Sciences) Vol. 4 |author=Al Ghazzali|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm&date=2012-12-03 |archivedate=2012-12-03 |deadurl=no}}</ref> | |||
:*con 60 codos [27.5 metros] de altura<ref name="Ibn_Kathir">[http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=56&tid=51961 Ibn Kathir: The Reward of Those on the Right After]</ref><ref name="Religious_Sciences" /> | |||
:*de 7 codos[3.2 metros] de ancho <ref name="Religious_Sciences" /> | |||
:*Transparentes hasta el tuétano de sus huesos <ref name="Sunan_al-Tirmidhi_v2" /><ref name="Bukhari454476"></ref> | |||
:*Eternamente jóvenes <ref name="Sunan_al-Tirmidhi_5638">Al-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Tirmidhi, hadith: 5638</ref> | |||
:*Acompañantes de misma edad <ref name="Sura78_33" /><ref name="Muhammad Asad - atrab"> Muhammad Asad, The Message of the Qur'an,Publisher: The Book Foundation; Bilingual edition (December 2003), Language: English, ISBN 1904510000,Chapter (Surah) Al-Waqiah (That which must come to pass)(56):38, note 15</ref> | |||
''' | '''Atributos Sexuales''': | ||
:*Puras / con el himen intacto por no haber tenido relaciones sexuales<ref name="Sura55_56" /><ref name="Sura55_72_74">"''huríes, retiradas en los pabellones,-¿cuál, pues, de los beneficios de vuestro Señor negaréis?- no tocadas hasta entonces por hombre ni genio.''" - {{Quran-range|55|72|74}}</ref> | |||
:* | :*Vírgenes<ref name="q56_36"></ref> | ||
:* | :*Voluptuosas/de grandes pechos <ref name="Sura78_33" /> | ||
:* | :*Con grandes y redondos pechos que no serán proclives a colgar <ref name="Sunan_al-Tirmidhi_v2"> Al-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Vol. 2.</ref><ref name="Kathir7833"></ref> | ||
:* | :*Vaginas apetecibles <ref name="Al-Suyuti"></ref> | ||
:* | |||
''' | '''Atributos de su Personalidad''': | ||
''' | :*Castas<ref name="Sura37_48">"''Tendrán a las de recatado mirar, de grandes ojos,''" - {{Quran|37|48}}</ref> | ||
:* | :*Restringiendo sus miradas <ref name="Sura37_48" /><ref name="Sura55_56">"''Estarán en ellos las de recatado mirar, no tocadas hasta entonces por hombre ni genio''" - {{Quran|55|56}}</ref> | ||
:*Mirada modesta <ref name="Muhammad Asad-modest gaze"> Muhammad Asad, The Message of the Qur'an,Publisher: The Book Foundation; Bilingual edition (December 2003), Language: English, ISBN 1904510000,Chapter (Surah) Sad (38):52</ref> | |||
'''Otros Atributos''': | |||
:*Espléndidas<ref name="Muhammad Asad -Kawa'ib"> Muhammad Asad, The Message of the Qur'an, Publisher: The Book Foundation; Bilingual edition (December 2003) Language: English, ISBN 1904510000,Chapter (Surah) An-Naba (The Tiding)(78):33, note 16</ref> | |||
:*Puras<ref name="Bukhari454476"></ref> | |||
:*No menstrúan / no orinan/ no defecan y no pueden tener hijos <ref name="Sunan_al-Tirmidhi_v2" /><ref name="Religious_Sciences2">{{cite web|url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm |title=Ihya Uloom Ed-Din (The Revival of the Religious Sciences) Vol. 4|author=Al Ghazzali |quote=El Profeta dijo: Si una mujer del Paraíso echara un vistazo sobre este mundo todo contenido en él habría sido iluminado y llenado con su fragancia. Cada pelo de su cabeza es mejor que la Tierra y sus tesoros. Dios dice: Son como Eakut y Marjan. Si sus caras se vieran por una ventana, todo se volvería más claro y los espejos y la joya más pequeña en el interior se iluminaría como el cielo en la tierra. El Profeta dijo: En la noche en la que fui llevado al Paraíso, entré en un lugar llamado Baidakh cuyos campos son de esmeraldas y perlas verdes y Eakut rojo. Preguntaron: O Profeta de Dios, Salam para ti. Pregunté: O Gabriel, cuyo sonido esta ahí? Él dijo: de las mujeres en los campos. Buscan tu permiso para saludarte. Así que dales permiso. Ellas dirán: Estamos satisfechas con eso. Nunca estaremos insatisfechas. Nos quedaremos aquí para siempre, nunca viajaremos. Luego él citó el verso: Las bellas damiselas retenidas en los campos. En otro verso: Mujeres puras. Muzaher explicó esto diciendo que estarán libres de la menstruación, orina, deposiciones, tos e hijos. |series=Death and Subsequent Events 430|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm&date=2012-12-03 |archivedate=2012-12-03|deadurl=no}}</ref> | |||
:*Nunca insatisfechas <ref name="Religious_Sciences2"></ref> | |||
:*Cantarán alabanzas <ref name="Religious_Sciences3"></ref><BR><BR> | |||
==Autenticidad== | |||
Mientras que hay numerosas fuentes, incluidas el Corán, que nos dicen que los varones creyentes serán recompensados con vírgenes, muchos que están preocupados sobre el [[Authenticity of 72 Virgins Hadith|concepto de autenticidad de las 72 vírgenes]] están bajo la idea equivocada de que sólo hay una débil referencia ([[List of Fabricated Hadith|da`if]]) al número exacto de houris que se les dan. Estas narraciones se encuentran de hecho en muchas colecciones de hadiths con varios niveles de autenticidad, yendo desde lo hasan (bueno) hasta lo sahih (auténtico). | |||
Por ejemplo, en el Sunan Ibn Majah, uno de las seis mayores colecciones de hadiths, <ref name="VIRH"></ref> se establece en una narración hasan (buena) <ref name="SP 4828"></ref> que a todo hombre admitido en el Paraíso le será dado la erección eterna y casamiento con 72 esposas, todas con órganos sexuales libidinosos.<ref name="Ibn Majah 39">"''Abu Umama narró: "El Mensajero de Dios dijo, 'A todo el mundo que admita Dios en el paraíso será casado con 72 mujeres; dos de ellas son houris y setenta de su herencia de moradoras del infierno. Todas ellas tendrán órganos sexuales libidinosos y él tendrá un pene siempre-erecto.' ''" - Sunan Ibn Majah, Zuhd (Book of Abstinence) 39</ref>... | |||
Similarly in another hadith with multiple narrators that has been graded hasan (good), it states that the martyr ([[shahid]]) will be married to seventy-two of al-hoor al-‘iyn.<ref name="alMiqdaam">''It was reported in the hadeeth of al-Miqdaam ibn Ma’di Karb that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:'' ''“The martyr (shaheed) has seven blessings from Allaah: he is forgiven from the moment his blood is first shed; he will be shown his place in Paradise; he will be spared the trial of the grave; and he will be secure on the Day of the Greatest Terror (the Day of Judgement); there will be placed on his head a crown of dignity, one ruby of which is better than this world and all that is in it; he will be married to seventy-two of al-hoor al-‘iyn; and he will be permitted to intercede for seventy of his relatives.”'' ''According to another report, the martyr has six blessings from Allaah. According to other reports (the number is) six, or nine, or ten'' - Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, who said it is a hasan hadeeth. Also narrated by Ibn Maajah in al-Sunan, by Ahmad, by ‘Abd al-Razzaaq in al-Musannaf, by al-Tabaraani in al-Kabeer, and by Sa’eed ibn Mansoor in al-Sunan</ref><ref name="QA 8511">{{cite web|url=http://www.islam-qa.com/en/ref/islamqa/8511 |title=The six blessings of the martyrs|publisher=Islam Q&A|series= Fatwa No. 8511 |author=Shaykh Waleed al-Firyaan |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.islam-qa.com/en/ref/islamqa/8511&date=2011-11-21 |archivedate=2011-11-21 |deadurl=no}}</ref> | |||
In the Sunan al-Tirmidhi, another of the six major Hadith collections,<ref name="VIRH">{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.se/~m9783/n/vih_e.html |title=Various Issues About Hadiths |publisher=Living Islam |author=Shaykh Gibril Haddad|date=April 4, 2003 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.abc.se/~m9783/n/vih_e.html&date=2011-05-22|archivedate=2011-05-22 |deadurl=no}}</ref> it states that the smallest reward for the people of Heaven is an abode with seventy-two houri.<ref>"''It was mentioned by Daraj Ibn Abi Hatim, that Abu al-Haytham 'Adullah Ibn Wahb narrated from Abu Sa'id al-Khudhri, who heard the Prophet Muhammad PBUH saying, 'The smallest reward for the people of Heaven is an abode where there are eighty thousand servants and seventy-two houri, over which stands a dome decorated with pearls, aquamarine and ruby, as wide as the distance from al-Jabiyyah to San'a.''" - Al-Tirmidhi, Vol. 4, Ch. 21, No. 2687</ref> Note that this is not a "weak Hadith that has no Sanad (chain of narrators)", as some have claimed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theuglytruth.wordpress.com/2007/03/04/debunking-the-suicide-for-72-virgins-myth/ |title=Debunking the ‘Suicide for 72 Virgins’ Myth |publisher=TheUglyTruth |author=Nashid Abdul-Khalliq |date=March 4, 2007 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://theuglytruth.wordpress.com/2007/03/04/debunking-the-suicide-for-72-virgins-myth/&date=2012-02-20 |archivedate=2012-02-20 |deadurl=no}}</ref> It has been graded hasan sahih gharib,<ref name="SP 4828">Shaykh Gibril Haddad - [http://www.webcitation.org/64zXNO08I How Many Wives Will The Believers Have In Paradise?] - SunniPath, Question ID:4828, July 3, 2005</ref> meaning this hadith is hasan since it has several chains of transmitters, it is sahih as the chains are all authentic and it is gharib in the words that Imam Tirmidhi narrated.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_tirmidhi.htm |title=Imam Tirmidhi (209 - 279 H) |publisher=As-Sunnah Foundation of America |author= |date=February 20, 2012 |quote= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_tirmidhi.htm&date=2012-02-20 |archivedate=2012-02-20 |deadurl=no}}</ref> | In the Sunan al-Tirmidhi, another of the six major Hadith collections,<ref name="VIRH">{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.se/~m9783/n/vih_e.html |title=Various Issues About Hadiths |publisher=Living Islam |author=Shaykh Gibril Haddad|date=April 4, 2003 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.abc.se/~m9783/n/vih_e.html&date=2011-05-22|archivedate=2011-05-22 |deadurl=no}}</ref> it states that the smallest reward for the people of Heaven is an abode with seventy-two houri.<ref>"''It was mentioned by Daraj Ibn Abi Hatim, that Abu al-Haytham 'Adullah Ibn Wahb narrated from Abu Sa'id al-Khudhri, who heard the Prophet Muhammad PBUH saying, 'The smallest reward for the people of Heaven is an abode where there are eighty thousand servants and seventy-two houri, over which stands a dome decorated with pearls, aquamarine and ruby, as wide as the distance from al-Jabiyyah to San'a.''" - Al-Tirmidhi, Vol. 4, Ch. 21, No. 2687</ref> Note that this is not a "weak Hadith that has no Sanad (chain of narrators)", as some have claimed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theuglytruth.wordpress.com/2007/03/04/debunking-the-suicide-for-72-virgins-myth/ |title=Debunking the ‘Suicide for 72 Virgins’ Myth |publisher=TheUglyTruth |author=Nashid Abdul-Khalliq |date=March 4, 2007 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://theuglytruth.wordpress.com/2007/03/04/debunking-the-suicide-for-72-virgins-myth/&date=2012-02-20 |archivedate=2012-02-20 |deadurl=no}}</ref> It has been graded hasan sahih gharib,<ref name="SP 4828">Shaykh Gibril Haddad - [http://www.webcitation.org/64zXNO08I How Many Wives Will The Believers Have In Paradise?] - SunniPath, Question ID:4828, July 3, 2005</ref> meaning this hadith is hasan since it has several chains of transmitters, it is sahih as the chains are all authentic and it is gharib in the words that Imam Tirmidhi narrated.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_tirmidhi.htm |title=Imam Tirmidhi (209 - 279 H) |publisher=As-Sunnah Foundation of America |author= |date=February 20, 2012 |quote= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_tirmidhi.htm&date=2012-02-20 |archivedate=2012-02-20 |deadurl=no}}</ref> | ||
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Orthodox Muslim theologians have related further hadith that give us the exact number of 72, such as al-Ghazali who wrote, "[The Prophet said] the lowest rank of an inmate of Paradise will have eighty thousand servants and seventy two wives."<ref name="Religious_Sciences4">{{cite web|url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm |title=Ihya Uloom Ed-Din (The Revival of the Religious Sciences) Vol. 4 |series=The Book of Constructive Virtues 431|author=Al Ghazzali|quote=The Prophet said to a man: 0 servant of God, if you enter Paradise, you will get what you will desire, what your eyes will be pleased with. The Prophet said : If an inmate of Paradise will wish to have a son born to him, he will get it. Its stay in womb, its weaning away from milk and its youth will come to pass at the same time. He also said : The inmantes of Paradise will be beardless and hairless. Their colour will be white and their eyes painted with collyrium. They will be youths of 33 years of age. They will be sixty cubits long and seven cubits broad. He also said : The lowest rank of an inmate of Paradise will have eighty thousand servants and seventy two wives. In short there will be such bliss in Paradise which no eye has seen, no ear has heard and no heart has conceived.|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm&date=2012-12-03 |archivedate=2012-12-03|deadurl=no}}</ref> | Orthodox Muslim theologians have related further hadith that give us the exact number of 72, such as al-Ghazali who wrote, "[The Prophet said] the lowest rank of an inmate of Paradise will have eighty thousand servants and seventy two wives."<ref name="Religious_Sciences4">{{cite web|url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm |title=Ihya Uloom Ed-Din (The Revival of the Religious Sciences) Vol. 4 |series=The Book of Constructive Virtues 431|author=Al Ghazzali|quote=The Prophet said to a man: 0 servant of God, if you enter Paradise, you will get what you will desire, what your eyes will be pleased with. The Prophet said : If an inmate of Paradise will wish to have a son born to him, he will get it. Its stay in womb, its weaning away from milk and its youth will come to pass at the same time. He also said : The inmantes of Paradise will be beardless and hairless. Their colour will be white and their eyes painted with collyrium. They will be youths of 33 years of age. They will be sixty cubits long and seven cubits broad. He also said : The lowest rank of an inmate of Paradise will have eighty thousand servants and seventy two wives. In short there will be such bliss in Paradise which no eye has seen, no ear has heard and no heart has conceived.|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm&date=2012-12-03 |archivedate=2012-12-03|deadurl=no}}</ref> | ||
== | ==¿Vírgenes o pasas?== | ||
This false myth of "white raisins" originated from Christoph Luxenberg, a modern author writing under a pseudonym.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoph_Luxenberg |title=Christoph Luxenberg |publisher=Wikipedia |author= |date=February 19, 2012 |quote= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoph_Luxenberg&date=2012-02-19|archivedate=2012-02-19 |deadurl=no}}</ref> His anti-Islamic claim,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Syro-Aramaic_Reading_of_the_Koran |title=The Syro-Aramaic Reading of the Koran |publisher=Wikipedia |author= |date=February 19, 2012|quote= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Syro-Aramaic_Reading_of_the_Koran&date=2012-02-19 |archivedate=2012-02-19 |deadurl=no}}</ref> which has been accused of having a "Christian apologetic agenda",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.livius.org/opinion/Luxenberg.htm |title=Missionary, dilettante or visionary? A review of Ch. Luxenberg, Die Syro-Aramäische Lesart des Qur'an |publisher=Livius |author=Richard Kroes |date=February 19, 2012|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.livius.org/opinion/Luxenberg.htm&date=2012-02-19 |archivedate=2012-02-19|deadurl=no}}</ref> is that the Qur'an was drawn from [[ | This false myth of "white raisins" originated from Christoph Luxenberg, a modern author writing under a pseudonym.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoph_Luxenberg |title=Christoph Luxenberg |publisher=Wikipedia |author= |date=February 19, 2012 |quote= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoph_Luxenberg&date=2012-02-19|archivedate=2012-02-19 |deadurl=no}}</ref> His anti-Islamic claim,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Syro-Aramaic_Reading_of_the_Koran |title=The Syro-Aramaic Reading of the Koran |publisher=Wikipedia |author= |date=February 19, 2012|quote= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Syro-Aramaic_Reading_of_the_Koran&date=2012-02-19 |archivedate=2012-02-19 |deadurl=no}}</ref> which has been accused of having a "Christian apologetic agenda",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.livius.org/opinion/Luxenberg.htm |title=Missionary, dilettante or visionary? A review of Ch. Luxenberg, Die Syro-Aramäische Lesart des Qur'an |publisher=Livius |author=Richard Kroes |date=February 19, 2012|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.livius.org/opinion/Luxenberg.htm&date=2012-02-19 |archivedate=2012-02-19|deadurl=no}}</ref> is that the Qur'an was drawn from [[People of the Book|Christian]] Syro-Aramaic texts in the early 8<sup>th</sup> century, in order to evangelize the Arabs,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chiesa.espresso.repubblica.it/articolo/7025?eng=y|title=The Virgins and the Grapes: the Christian Origins of the Koran |publisher=Chiesa press |author=Sandro Magister |date=March 17, 2004 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://chiesa.espresso.repubblica.it/articolo/7025?eng=y&date=2012-02-19|archivedate=2012-02-19 |deadurl=no}}</ref> and that the Aramaic word 'hur' (white raisin) had been [[Mistranslated Verses|mistranslated]] by later Arab commentators into the Arabic word 'houri' (virgin).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2002/03/02/MN128985.DTL |title=Revisionist historians argue Koran has been mistranslated|publisher=New York Times |author=Alexander Stille |date=March 2, 2002 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2002/03/02/MN128985.DTL&date=2012-02-19 |archivedate=2012-02-19|deadurl=no}}</ref> | ||
The | The Corán describes the physical characteristics of the houri in many places, and a reading of relevant verses show that Luxenberg's theory regarding heavenly white raisins is in error. | ||
Raisins, which are dried grapes, cannot have large eyes,<ref name="Sura56_22">"''And (there are) fair ones with wide, lovely eyes,-''"- {{Quran|56|22}}</ref> big breasts,<ref name="Sura78_33">"''And voluptuous women of equal age;''" - {{Quran|78|33}}</ref> cannot restrain their glances,<ref name="Sura55_56"></ref> cannot be described as chaste,<ref name="Sura55_56"></ref> or have any of the characteristics listed above. The | Raisins, which are dried grapes, cannot have large eyes,<ref name="Sura56_22">"''And (there are) fair ones with wide, lovely eyes,-''"- {{Quran|56|22}}</ref> big breasts,<ref name="Sura78_33">"''And voluptuous women of equal age;''" - {{Quran|78|33}}</ref> cannot restrain their glances,<ref name="Sura55_56"></ref> cannot be described as chaste,<ref name="Sura55_56"></ref> or have any of the characteristics listed above. The Corán further states that men will be wed to these houri.<ref name="Sura 44 54">"''Even so (it will be). And We shall wed them unto fair ones with wide, lovely eyes.''" - {{Quran|44|54}}</ref> Men cannot be married to raisins or white grapes. | ||
Additionally, for someone to accept this "72 raisins" theory, they would also have to accept that the | Additionally, for someone to accept this "72 raisins" theory, they would also have to accept that the Corán was not written by[[Allah]] or revealed to the Prophet [[Muhammad]] in Arabic during the 7<sup>th</sup> century, but was in fact written by Christian evangelists in Syro-Aramaic during the 8<sup>th</sup> century. | ||
== | ==Terrorismo== | ||
[[Suicide]] is clearly forbidden in Islam, but the [[The Islamic Ruling on the Permissibility of Martyrdom Operations|permissibility of martyrdom operations]] (Istishhad) is an altogether different topic, with scholars being split on the issue. | [[Suicide]] is clearly forbidden in Islam, but the [[The Islamic Ruling on the Permissibility of Martyrdom Operations|permissibility of martyrdom operations]] (Istishhad) is an altogether different topic, with scholars being split on the issue. | ||
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Notable scholars and apologists such as Shaykh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, the world's most quoted independent Islamic jurist,<ref name="Faisal">{{cite web|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2001/aug/28/comment.israelandthepalestinians |title=Bombing for God (Special report: Israel and the Middle East) |publisher=The Guardian |author=Faisal Bodi |date=August 28, 2001|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2001/aug/28/comment.israelandthepalestinians&date=2012-02-21 |archivedate=2012-02-21 |deadurl=no}}</ref> and [[Dr.]] [[Zakir Naik]], known for his advocacy of "[[Islam and Science|Qur'anic science]]", have justified the use of suicide bombing in Islam.<ref>Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi - [http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?pagename=IslamOnline-English-Ask_Scholar/FatwaE/FatwaE&cid=1119503545134 Palestinian Women Carrying Out Martyr Operations] - Islam Online, November 6, 2006</ref><ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JtZxNqxpb8s Is Suicide Bombing allowed in Islam? By Dr. Zakir Naik] (a YouTube video posted by PeaceTVUK on September 20, 2008</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tolonews.com/en/afghanistan/9627-pakistan-ulema-permits-suicide-attacks |title=Pakistan Ulema Permits Suicide Attacks |publisher=TOLOnews |author=Abdul Haq Omari |date=March 2, 2013|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.tolonews.com/en/afghanistan/9627-pakistan-ulema-permits-suicide-attacks&date=2013-03-05 |archivedate=2013-03-05 |deadurl=no}}</ref> Opinion polls have further shown that an [[Muslim Statistics -Terrorism|extremely large number]] of Muslims from around the world support the practice.<ref name="Faisal"></ref><ref name="JP">Michael Freund - [http://web.archive.org/web/20070210015156/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1167467849587&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull Right On: The straightforward arithmetic of jihad] - The Jerusalem Post, January 31, 2007</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20040412010339/http://web.mid-day.com/news/world/2004/march/79639.htm|title=65% Pakistanis support Osama, says report |publisher=Mid Day |author=Khalid A-H Ansari |date=March 27, 2004|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://web.archive.org/web/20040412010339/http://web.mid-day.com/news/world/2004/march/79639.htm&date=2012-02-11 |archivedate=2012-02-11 |deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/international/one_in_eight_uk_muslims_support_terrorist_attacks_1_517610 |title=One in eight UK Muslims 'support terrorist attacks' |publisher=Scotsman.com |author= |date=March 15, 2004 |quote=|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/international/one_in_eight_uk_muslims_support_terrorist_attacks_1_517610&date=2012-02-04|archivedate=2012-02-04 |deadurl=no}}</ref> | Notable scholars and apologists such as Shaykh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, the world's most quoted independent Islamic jurist,<ref name="Faisal">{{cite web|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2001/aug/28/comment.israelandthepalestinians |title=Bombing for God (Special report: Israel and the Middle East) |publisher=The Guardian |author=Faisal Bodi |date=August 28, 2001|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2001/aug/28/comment.israelandthepalestinians&date=2012-02-21 |archivedate=2012-02-21 |deadurl=no}}</ref> and [[Dr.]] [[Zakir Naik]], known for his advocacy of "[[Islam and Science|Qur'anic science]]", have justified the use of suicide bombing in Islam.<ref>Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi - [http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?pagename=IslamOnline-English-Ask_Scholar/FatwaE/FatwaE&cid=1119503545134 Palestinian Women Carrying Out Martyr Operations] - Islam Online, November 6, 2006</ref><ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JtZxNqxpb8s Is Suicide Bombing allowed in Islam? By Dr. Zakir Naik] (a YouTube video posted by PeaceTVUK on September 20, 2008</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tolonews.com/en/afghanistan/9627-pakistan-ulema-permits-suicide-attacks |title=Pakistan Ulema Permits Suicide Attacks |publisher=TOLOnews |author=Abdul Haq Omari |date=March 2, 2013|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.tolonews.com/en/afghanistan/9627-pakistan-ulema-permits-suicide-attacks&date=2013-03-05 |archivedate=2013-03-05 |deadurl=no}}</ref> Opinion polls have further shown that an [[Muslim Statistics -Terrorism|extremely large number]] of Muslims from around the world support the practice.<ref name="Faisal"></ref><ref name="JP">Michael Freund - [http://web.archive.org/web/20070210015156/http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1167467849587&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull Right On: The straightforward arithmetic of jihad] - The Jerusalem Post, January 31, 2007</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20040412010339/http://web.mid-day.com/news/world/2004/march/79639.htm|title=65% Pakistanis support Osama, says report |publisher=Mid Day |author=Khalid A-H Ansari |date=March 27, 2004|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://web.archive.org/web/20040412010339/http://web.mid-day.com/news/world/2004/march/79639.htm&date=2012-02-11 |archivedate=2012-02-11 |deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/international/one_in_eight_uk_muslims_support_terrorist_attacks_1_517610 |title=One in eight UK Muslims 'support terrorist attacks' |publisher=Scotsman.com |author= |date=March 15, 2004 |quote=|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/international/one_in_eight_uk_muslims_support_terrorist_attacks_1_517610&date=2012-02-04|archivedate=2012-02-04 |deadurl=no}}</ref> | ||
The | The Corán states that all Muslim males, not only martyrs, will be rewarded with virgins.<ref name="q56_36">"''Then We have made them virgins''" - {{Quran|56|36}}</ref> However, the Corán does also mention that those who [[The Meaning of Qatal|fight]] in the way of Allah ([[jihad]]) and get killed will be given a "great reward",<ref name="Sura4 74">"''Let those (believers) Who sell the life of this world for the hereafter fight in the cause of Allah and whoso fights in the cause of Allah, - and is slain or gets victory, We shall bestow on him a great reward.''" - {{Quran|4|74}}</ref> and there are also hasan (good) hadith<ref name="QA 8511"></ref> which refer to 72 virgins as one of the "seven blessings from Allah" to the martyr.<ref name="alMiqdaam"></ref> This has lead to the 72 virgins concept being widely used as a way to entice other Muslims into carrying out "martyrdom operations" for Islam. | ||
This is witnessed in [[Palestinian Authority area|Palestine]], where the actions of a mother who sends her son to die as a martyr is sometimes seen as "marrying him off",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565 |title=The model Palestinian mother sends her son to die as Martyr, thereby marrying him off |publisher=Al-Hayat Al-Jadida |author= |date=January 8, 2012 |quote=|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565&date=2012-02-21 |archivedate=2012-02-21|deadurl=no}}</ref> and where the concept is used in Friday sermons and [[music]] [[videos]], both airing on official television.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565 |title=72 wives await the Martyrs for Allah: Six rewards quoted in Hamas TV sermon|publisher=Al-Aqsa TV (Hamas) |author= |date=January 1, 2010 |quote= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565&date=2012-02-21 |archivedate=2012-02-21 |deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565 |title=Beautiful virgins await Muslim Martyrs in Paradise|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565&date=2012-02-21 |archivedate=2012-02-21|deadurl=no}} - Palestinian TV (Fatah), February 7, 2010 (1 min)</ref> It has even been used in the [[United Kingdom]], where, in one event, Muslim teens were told to train with Kalashnikov rifles with the promise that the would receive 72 virgins in paradise if they died as religious martyrs.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/2687797.stm British martyrs 'promised 72 virgins'] - BBC News, January 23, 2003</ref> | This is witnessed in [[Palestinian Authority area|Palestine]], where the actions of a mother who sends her son to die as a martyr is sometimes seen as "marrying him off",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565 |title=The model Palestinian mother sends her son to die as Martyr, thereby marrying him off |publisher=Al-Hayat Al-Jadida |author= |date=January 8, 2012 |quote=|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565&date=2012-02-21 |archivedate=2012-02-21|deadurl=no}}</ref> and where the concept is used in Friday sermons and [[music]] [[videos]], both airing on official television.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565 |title=72 wives await the Martyrs for Allah: Six rewards quoted in Hamas TV sermon|publisher=Al-Aqsa TV (Hamas) |author= |date=January 1, 2010 |quote= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565&date=2012-02-21 |archivedate=2012-02-21 |deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565 |title=Beautiful virgins await Muslim Martyrs in Paradise|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=565&date=2012-02-21 |archivedate=2012-02-21|deadurl=no}} - Palestinian TV (Fatah), February 7, 2010 (1 min)</ref> It has even been used in the [[United Kingdom]], where, in one event, Muslim teens were told to train with Kalashnikov rifles with the promise that the would receive 72 virgins in paradise if they died as religious martyrs.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/2687797.stm British martyrs 'promised 72 virgins'] - BBC News, January 23, 2003</ref> | ||
Contrary to what the | Contrary to what the Corán, hadith, scholars and Muslims themselves say, a western author named Margaret Nydell in a book that "promotes understanding between modern-day Arabs and Westerners", states that mainstream Muslims regard the belief of 72 virgins in the same way that mainstream Christians regard the belief that after death they will be issued with wings and a harp, and walk on clouds.<ref>{{cite book|title=Understanding Arabs: A Guide for Modern Times|author=Margaret Kleffner Nydell|pages=109|year=2006|publisher=Intercultural Press|isbn=1931930252}}</ref> | ||
The Bible (and more specifically [[Jesus]] in the [[Injil|four Gospels]]) does not discuss the issue of wings and a harp being provided for Christians upon their arrival in Heaven. However, both the | The Bible (and more specifically [[Jesus]] in the [[Injil|four Gospels]]) does not discuss the issue of wings and a harp being provided for Christians upon their arrival in Heaven. However, both the Corán and Muhammad in the hadith literature do discuss the issue of virgins being provided for Muslim men upon their arrival in Paradise. So the claim made by Margaret Nydell, equating the belief in receiving heavenly virgins to that of believing in receiving heavenly wings and harps, is inaccurate and misleading. | ||
== | ==Conclusión== | ||
El paraíso Coránico is sensual in nature,<ref name="LI June 2003"></ref> promising Muslim men voluptuous<ref name="Sura78_33" />virgins<ref name="q56_36" /> but does not specify their exact number. This cannot possibly be a mistranslation because raisins do not have large eyes<ref name="Sura56_22"></ref> or cannot be wed to men.<ref name="Sura 44 54"></ref> | |||
The hadith literature compliment the Qur'anic text by specifying the exact number of virgins as 72 and providing us with detailed descriptions of their [[#Descriptions|characteristics]]. These narrations are not weak but vary in strength from good to authentic.<ref name="SP 4828"></ref><ref name="QA 8511"></ref><ref>[http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islam.tc%2Fcgi-bin%2Faskimam%2Fask.pl%3Fq%3D7007%26act%3Dview&date=2012-01-09<!-- http://www.islam.tc/cgi-bin/askimam/ask.pl?q=7007&act=view --> The number of Hoors (70 or more) in Jannah for a Shaheed or a Jannathi is fixed by which hadeeth, and in which book] - Mufti Ebrahim Desai, Ask-Imam, Question No. 7007, October 29, 2002</ref> | The hadith literature compliment the Qur'anic text by specifying the exact number of virgins as 72 and providing us with detailed descriptions of their [[#Descriptions|characteristics]]. These narrations are not weak but vary in strength from good to authentic.<ref name="SP 4828"></ref><ref name="QA 8511"></ref><ref>[http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islam.tc%2Fcgi-bin%2Faskimam%2Fask.pl%3Fq%3D7007%26act%3Dview&date=2012-01-09<!-- http://www.islam.tc/cgi-bin/askimam/ask.pl?q=7007&act=view --> The number of Hoors (70 or more) in Jannah for a Shaheed or a Jannathi is fixed by which hadeeth, and in which book] - Mufti Ebrahim Desai, Ask-Imam, Question No. 7007, October 29, 2002</ref> | ||
We are also given details on the physical attributes given to men to sustain 72 virgins, namely, [[Priapism - Permanent Erection|ever-erect penises]] that never soften<ref name="Ibn Majah 39"></ref><ref name="Al-Suyuti"></ref> and the sexual strength to satisfy 100.<ref name="al Janna"></ref><ref name="Masabih XLII"></ref><ref name=" Religious_Sciences5">{{cite web|url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm |title=Ihya Uloom Ed-Din (The Revival of the Religious Sciences) Vol. 4|author=Al Ghazzali|quote=Once a Jewish learned man came to the Prophet and asked him : Who will first cross the Bridge? He said : The poor refugees : The Jew asked again : When they will enter paradise, what food will be served to them first? He said : Roasts of the livers of fish. He asked again : What will be their morning lunch? He said : Cows of paradise will be slaughtered for them. He said : What drink will be given to them? He said They will be given drink of Salsabil. The Jew said : You have spoken the truth. Once a Jew asked the Prophet : Do you think that the inmates of paradise will eat and drink? The Prophet said Yes, by One in whose hand there is my life, each one of them will be given food, drink and strength of one hundred man to have sexual intercourse. The Jew asked : Will he have any necessity of passing urine and stools? The Prophet said : In place of urine and stool, perspiration will come out of them like camphor and as a result their stomach will be cleared therefor. |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm&date=2012-12-03 |archivedate=2012-12-03 |deadurl=no}}, The Book of Constructive Virtues 429</ref> | We are also given details on the physical attributes given to men to sustain 72 virgins, namely, [[Priapism - Permanent Erection|ever-erect penises]] that never soften<ref name="Ibn Majah 39"></ref><ref name="Al-Suyuti"></ref> and the sexual strength to satisfy 100.<ref name="al Janna"></ref><ref name="Masabih XLII"></ref><ref name="Religious_Sciences5">{{cite web|url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm |title=Ihya Uloom Ed-Din (The Revival of the Religious Sciences) Vol. 4|author=Al Ghazzali|quote=Once a Jewish learned man came to the Prophet and asked him : Who will first cross the Bridge? He said : The poor refugees : The Jew asked again : When they will enter paradise, what food will be served to them first? He said : Roasts of the livers of fish. He asked again : What will be their morning lunch? He said : Cows of paradise will be slaughtered for them. He said : What drink will be given to them? He said They will be given drink of Salsabil. The Jew said : You have spoken the truth. Once a Jew asked the Prophet : Do you think that the inmates of paradise will eat and drink? The Prophet said Yes, by One in whose hand there is my life, each one of them will be given food, drink and strength of one hundred man to have sexual intercourse. The Jew asked : Will he have any necessity of passing urine and stools? The Prophet said : In place of urine and stool, perspiration will come out of them like camphor and as a result their stomach will be cleared therefor. |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.nderf.org/islamic_views_death.htm&date=2012-12-03 |archivedate=2012-12-03 |deadurl=no}}, The Book of Constructive Virtues 429</ref> | ||
Although it does say they will receive a "great reward",<ref name="Sura4 74"></ref> and there are also hasan hadith<ref name="QA 8511"></ref> which refer to 72 virgins as one of the "seven blessings from Allah" to the martyr,<ref name="alMiqdaam"></ref> the | Although it does say they will receive a "great reward",<ref name="Sura4 74"></ref> and there are also hasan hadith<ref name="QA 8511"></ref> which refer to 72 virgins as one of the "seven blessings from Allah" to the martyr,<ref name="alMiqdaam"></ref> the Corán does not specify these virgins are a reward for jihadists/martyrs, but rather for any Muslim male who gains admittance to Paradise.<ref name="q56_36"></ref> | ||
== | ==Citas seleccionadas== | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|56|35|38}}|Lo! We have created them a (new) creation, And '''made them virgins, Lovers''', friends, For those on the right hand; }} | {{Quote|{{Quran-range|56|35|38}}|Lo! We have created them a (new) creation, And '''made them virgins, Lovers''', friends, For those on the right hand; }} | ||
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{{Quote|1=Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Abridged, Volume 10 Surat At-Tagabun to the end of the Qur'an, 333-334|2=This '''[Qur'an 78:33] means round breasts'''. They meant by this that the breasts of these girls will be '''fully rounded and not sagging''', because they will be virgins, equal in age.}} | {{Quote|1=Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Abridged, Volume 10 Surat At-Tagabun to the end of the Qur'an, 333-334|2=This '''[Qur'an 78:33] means round breasts'''. They meant by this that the breasts of these girls will be '''fully rounded and not sagging''', because they will be virgins, equal in age.}} | ||
== | ==Respuestas a apologistas== | ||
{{ | #'''''"The Qur'an doesn't talk about 72 virgins, only the hadiths"'''''<BR> Even though the Qur'an does not mention the number of virgins, it does say in verse 56:36<ref name="q56_36" /> that Muslim men will be awarded with virgins in Paradise. The Qur'an describes their physical attributes, for example they will have large eyes (56:22) and big breasts (78:33)<ref name="Sura78_33" /> and so on. The actual number of houri is thus a minor issue and 72 is the number of those houris confirmed in multiple hadith. The [[hadiths]] are a[[Qur'an Only Islam - Why it is Not Possible|crucial part of Islam]] and certain Muslims ignore them because sometimes they contain uncomfortable details about Islam. There are many hadiths and Qur'anic verses which talk about various issues of a sexual nature. According to {{Bukhari|1|5|268}} which belongs to the most authentic collection of hadiths, Muhammad himself was given the sexual strength of 30 men and so on. | ||
#'''''"The 72 virgins hadith has been classified as Da'if (weak) or Maudu (fabricated)"'''''<BR>This is not true. The hadith from Sunan al-Tirmidhi has been graded hasan sahih gharib (a “fair, sound, single-chained hadith”).<ref name="SP 4828"></ref> Additionally there is not only one "72 virgins" hadith. We have quoted narrations here that have been graded both hasan (good) and sahih (authentic), and there are [[Authenticity of 72 Virgins Hadith|many others]]. | |||
#'''''"Obviously this hadith has been made up, is unreliable and/or is a lie"'''''<BR>See answers to #1 and 2 above. | |||
#'''''"The Qur'an doesn't talk about the number of virgins being seventy two"'''''<BR>See answer to #1 above. | |||
#'''''"It is talking about (white) raisins, not virgins"'''''<BR>This is a myth originating from Christoph Luxenberg, a recent author with a pseudonym who has no known qualifications or authority on Islamic issues, and has been shown to be in error for [[#Virgins or Raisins?|various reasons]]. | |||
#'''''"Islam prohibits suicide"'''''<BR>Yes, hadith do exist that prohibit suicide ([[The Islamic Ruling on the Permissibility of Martyrdom Operations|Suicide ''bombing'']] however is a separate issue) but this has nothing to do with the fact that Islam promises women in Paradise as a reward for the "righteous" (i.e. Muslims). | |||
#'''''"If the seventy two virgins thing was something big in Islam it would be talked about more frequently."'''''<BR>Women in Islamic heaven as a reward are talked about frequently in the Qur'an as evidenced by the various places in the Qur'an where their characteristics are talked about. Also if the Qur'an talks about a certain issue only once, it cannot be taken lightly in any way as every word and sentence in the Qur'an is important and holy to Muslims. | |||
#'''''"The houri are for both men and women"'''''<BR> The Qur'an explicitly talks about female virgins with large eyes as rewards for men. On the contrary there is not a single "women will get guys as a reward" verse. Some gender neutral verses do exist but they talk about general rewards only (such as "companionship" etc). Also, according to Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Jibreen, who was a leading cleric and a member of the Senior Clerics Association, "This number is only for men. A woman will have only one husband in Paradise, and she will be satisfied with him and will not need any more than that."<ref name="Jibreen"></ref> | |||
#'''''"The houri are only servants and not for sexual purposes"'''''<BR> If that was true, Qur'an 56:36<ref name="q56_36" /> wouldn't say they are virgins and it wouldn't mention they have big breasts. In addition, while the Qur'an does not explicitly say they're for sexual purposes, [[Qur%27an, Hadith and Scholars:Sexuality#Paradise|other Islamic sources]] mention that. One hadith says "The believer will be given such and such strength in Paradise for sexual intercourse". Other sources state that "the penis of the Elected never softens" and that men in heaven will have the sexual strength of 100 men.<ref name="Masabih XLII">"''The Holy Prophet said: 'The believer will be given such and such strength in Paradise for sexual intercourse. It was questioned: O prophet of Allah! can he do that? He said: "He will be given the strength of one hundred persons.''" - Mishkat al-Masabih Book IV, Chapter XLII, Paradise and Hell, Hadith Number 24</ref><ref name="Religious_Sciences5"></ref> | |||
== | ==Véase también== | ||
{{Hub4|Virgins|Virgins}} | {{Hub4|Virgins|Virgins}} | ||
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{{Translation-links-english|[[72_Huri_-_Bakirə|Azerbaijani]], [[72 Девственици|Bulgarian]], [[72_Pannen|Czech]], [[72 Jungfrauen|German]], [[72 Huri - Bakire|Turkish]], [[Le 72 vergini|Italian]]}} | {{Translation-links-english|[[72_Huri_-_Bakirə|Azerbaijani]], [[72 Девственици|Bulgarian]], [[72_Pannen|Czech]], [[72 Jungfrauen|German]], [[72 Huri - Bakire|Turkish]], [[Le 72 vergini|Italian]]}} | ||
== | ==Enlaces externos== | ||
;Artículos | |||
*{{external_link|url=http://www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/538.htm |title='72 Black Eyed Virgins': A Muslim Debate on the Rewards of Martyrs |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/538.htm&date=2012-02-23|archivedate=2012-02-23 |deadurl=no}} | |||
*{{external_link|url=http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/2329/does-the-koran-really-promise-islamic-martyrs-72-virgins|title=Does the Koran really promise Islamic martyrs 72 virgins? |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/2329/does-the-koran-really-promise-islamic-martyrs-72-virgins&date=2012-02-23|archivedate=2012-02-23 |deadurl=no}} | |||
*{{external_link|url=http://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Abualrub/allah_brothel.htm |title=Have You Been Invited to Allah’s Brothel? |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Abualrub/allah_brothel.htm&date=2012-02-23 |archivedate=2012-02-23 |deadurl=no}} | |||
*{{external_link|url=http://www.answering-islam.org/Quran/Versions/078.033.html |title=Muslim Mastectomy or The Miracle of Disappearing Breasts |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.answering-islam.org/Quran/Versions/078.033.html&date=2012-02-23 |archivedate=2012-02-23 |deadurl=no}} | |||
; | ;Vídeos | ||
*{{external_link|url=http://weaselzippers.typepad.com/blog/2009/09/video-saudi-cleric-extols-the-virtues-of-allahs-virgins-in-paradise-they-are-white-women-who-are-men.html |title=Saudi Cleric Extols the Virtues of Allah's Virgins in Paradise, "They are White Women who are Menstruation-Free, Free of Feces, Urine, Phlegm" |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://weaselzippers.typepad.com/blog/2009/09/video-saudi-cleric-extols-the-virtues-of-allahs-virgins-in-paradise-they-are-white-women-who-are-men.html&date=2012-02-23 |archivedate=2012-02-23 |deadurl=no}} | |||
* {{external_link|url=http://weaselzippers.typepad.com/blog/2009/09/video-saudi-cleric-extols-the-virtues-of-allahs-virgins-in-paradise-they-are-white-women-who-are-men.html |title=Saudi Cleric Extols the Virtues of Allah's Virgins in Paradise, "They are White Women who are Menstruation-Free, Free of Feces, Urine, Phlegm" |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://weaselzippers.typepad.com/blog/2009/09/video-saudi-cleric-extols-the-virtues-of-allahs-virgins-in-paradise-they-are-white-women-who-are-men.html&date=2012-02-23 |archivedate=2012-02-23 |deadurl=no}} | *[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5pqQIyQfa8 72 wives await the Martyrs for Allah: Six rewards quoted in Hamas TV sermon] | ||
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5pqQIyQfa8 72 wives await the Martyrs for Allah: Six rewards quoted in Hamas TV sermon] | *[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aolf7qrTM1E ABC's Islam Deception--Part One: Raisins or Virgins in Paradise?] | ||
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aolf7qrTM1E ABC's Islam Deception--Part One: Raisins or Virgins in Paradise?] | |||
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zb326lP5RPg Dark eyed virgins greet Muslim Martyrs in Paradise] | *[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zb326lP5RPg Dark eyed virgins greet Muslim Martyrs in Paradise] | ||
; | ;Enlaces musulmanes: | ||
* {{external_link|url=http://theuglytruth.wordpress.com/2007/03/04/debunking-the-suicide-for-72-virgins-myth/ |title=Debunking the ‘Suicide for 72 Virgins’ Myth |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://theuglytruth.wordpress.com/2007/03/04/debunking-the-suicide-for-72-virgins-myth/&date=2012-02-23 |archivedate=2012-02-23 |deadurl=no}} ''(see [[#Responses_to_Apologetics|Response]]section above)'' | |||
*{{external_link|url=http://theuglytruth.wordpress.com/2007/03/04/debunking-the-suicide-for-72-virgins-myth/ |title=Debunking the ‘Suicide for 72 Virgins’ Myth |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://theuglytruth.wordpress.com/2007/03/04/debunking-the-suicide-for-72-virgins-myth/&date=2012-02-23 |archivedate=2012-02-23 |deadurl=no}} ''(see [[#Responses_to_Apologetics|Response]]section above)'' | |||
;Humor | ;Humor | ||
Videos: | Videos: | ||
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cRmPO07U_M Atheist Comedian 72 Virgins in Heaven] ''(5:32)'' | *[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cRmPO07U_M Atheist Comedian 72 Virgins in Heaven] ''(5:32)'' | ||
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1dxpMTFBg48 Family guy - 72 Virgins] ''(0:25)'' | *[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1dxpMTFBg48 Family guy - 72 Virgins] ''(0:25)'' | ||
Pictures: [http://jot.amid.com/post/51544807/much-to-their-surprise-the-virgins-awaiting much to their surprise...] | Pictures: [http://jot.amid.com/post/51544807/much-to-their-surprise-the-virgins-awaiting much to their surprise...] | ||
== | ==Referencias== | ||
{{Reflist|30em}} | {{Reflist|30em}} | ||
[[Category:Español (Spanish)]] | [[Category:Español (Spanish)]] | ||
[[ru:72 девственницы]] | [[ru:72 девственницы]] | ||