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==What is the Qur'an?== | ==What is the Qur'an?== | ||
The '''Qur'ān''' (القرآن) is the central religious text of [[Islam]]. Muslims believe the Qur'an to be the book of divine guidance and direction for mankind. They also consider the text in its original [[Arabic]], to be the literal word of [[Allah]]<ref>[ | The '''Qur'ān''' (القرآن) is the central religious text of [[Islam]]. Muslims believe the Qur'an to be the book of divine guidance and direction for mankind. They also consider the text in its original [[Arabic]], to be the literal word of [[Allah]]<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|2|23}} Qur'ān, Chapter 2, Verses 23-24]</ref> revealed by the angel Jibreel ([[Gabriel]]) to [[Muhammad]] over a period of twenty-three years<ref>''Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths,'' Mary Pat Fisher, 1997, page 338, I.B. Tauris Publishers, </ref><ref>[{{Quran-url-only|17|106}} Qur'an, Chapter 17, Verse 106]</ref>, and view the Qur'an as God's final revelation.<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|33|40}} Qur'an, Chapter 33, Verse 40]</ref><ref>Watton, Victor, (1993), ''A student's approach to world religions:Islam'', Hodder & Stoughton, pg 1. ISBN 0-340-58795-4</ref> | ||
==Structure and Content of the Qur'an== | ==Structure and Content of the Qur'an== | ||
In length, the Qur'an is slightly shorter than the Christian New Testament (at approximately 165,000 words in English).<ref>[http://www.2think.org/hundredsheep/bom/written.shtml Could Joseph Smith have written the Book of Mormon?] - The Hundredth Sheep</ref> The text is not in chronological order, but arranged roughly longest surah (chapter) to the shortest. Ayahs (verses) are written in the first person (spoken by Allah), thus they generally lack context. For context, Muslims use Hadith collections (oral traditions which record Muhammad's words and actions) and the Sirat (biography of Muhammad). With these, the surahs can be separated into two categories; Meccan and Medinan. | In length, the Qur'an is slightly shorter than the Christian New Testament (at approximately 165,000 words in English).<ref>[http://www.2think.org/hundredsheep/bom/written.shtml Could Joseph Smith have written the Book of Mormon?] - The Hundredth Sheep</ref> The text is not in chronological order, but arranged roughly longest surah (chapter) to the shortest (although this some surahs do deviate from this general order). Ayahs (verses) are generally written in the first person (spoken by Allah), thus they generally lack context. For context, Muslims use Hadith collections (oral traditions which record Muhammad's words and actions) and the Sirat (biography of Muhammad). With these, the surahs can be separated into two categories; Meccan and Medinan. | ||
===Love and Fear in the Qur'an=== | ===Love and Fear in the Qur'an=== | ||
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===Non-Muslims and Punishment in the Qur'an=== | ===Non-Muslims and Punishment in the Qur'an=== | ||
Approximately 67% of the Meccan verses deal with punishing unbelievers for disagreeing with | Approximately 67% of the Meccan verses deal with punishing unbelievers for disagreeing with Allah, and more than 50% of the so-called Medinan verses deals with hypocrites and jihad against unbelievers.<ref name="STATISTICAL ANALYSIS"></ref> Also, there are nearly 500 verses (roughly one out of every twelve) in the entire Qur'an which speak of [[Jahannam (Hell)|Hell]], and over 400 which speak negatively of encourage hatred or dislaike of Jews, Christians, Idolaters and infidels in general.<ref name="STATISTICAL ANALYSIS"></ref> | ||
===Jihad=== | ===Jihad=== | ||
Not including verses which deal with heavenly rewards for | Not including verses which deal with heavenly rewards for those who strive on the path of Jihad, generic mentions of "victory", and Muhammad's negative opinions of those who do not participate in Jihad, there are roughly 164 Jihad verses in the Qur'an.<ref>[http://www.yoel.info/koranwarpassages.htm 164 Jihad Verses in the Koran] - Yoel Natan</ref> These speak clearly and directly of military expedition, fighting, spoils of war, raiding, taking slaves, and looting infidels. | ||
== | ==Controversial Passages== | ||
Not only critics, but even practicing Muslims who are scholars of the text agree that the Qur'an justifies and permits things such as; [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Homosexuality|persecution of Homosexuals]], [[Child Marriage in the Qur'an|child marriage]], [[Polygamy in Islam|polygamy]], [[Antisemitism in Islam|hatred of Jews]], [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Dhimmitude|institutional religious discrimination]], [[Wife Beating in the Qur'an|legalized domestic violence]], [[slavery]] and [[rape|the rape of slaves]]. | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Qur'an]]'' - A hub page that leads to other articles related to the Qur'an'' | *[[Qur'an]]'' - A hub page that leads to other articles related to the Qur'an'' | ||
{{Translation-links-english|[[Coran - definition|French]]}} | {{Translation-links-english|[[Coran - definition|French]] and [[Korán|Czech]]}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
* [http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/denis_giron/multiple.html Qur'an: A Work of Multiple Hands?] ''- | *[http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/denis_giron/multiple.html Qur'an: A Work of Multiple Hands?] ''- Denis Giron'' | ||
*[http://www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/Quran/cruelty/long.html Cruelty in the Quran] ''- | *[http://www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/Quran/cruelty/long.html Cruelty in the Quran] ''- Skeptic's Annotated Quran'' | ||
*[http://www.faithfreedom.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=12635#12635 Chronology vs Violence] ''- | *[http://www.faithfreedom.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=12635#12635 Chronology vs Violence] ''- FFI forum post on why there is more Violence near the end of the Qur'an'' | ||
===Translations=== | ===Translations=== | ||
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*[http://www.islamawakened.com/quran/1/2/default.htm Master Ayat (Verse) Index] ''- From the people at Islam Awakened. Roman transliteration of the Arabic Qur’an and a massive 34 compared English translations'' | *[http://www.islamawakened.com/quran/1/2/default.htm Master Ayat (Verse) Index] ''- From the people at Islam Awakened. Roman transliteration of the Arabic Qur’an and a massive 34 compared English translations'' | ||
*[http://iknowledge.islamicnature.com/quran/surah/1/lang/englishliteral/ iKnowledge Literal Qur'an] ''- Muslim website which provides the English literal translation of the Qur'an. Also shows that Allah is the "best deceiver" in verses 3:54, 7:99, 8:30, 10:21, and 13:42'' | *[http://iknowledge.islamicnature.com/quran/surah/1/lang/englishliteral/ iKnowledge Literal Qur'an] ''- Muslim website which provides the English literal translation of the Qur'an. Also shows that Allah is the "best deceiver" in verses 3:54, 7:99, 8:30, 10:21, and 13:42'' | ||
*[http://quranx.com/ Quranx.com] - ''Multiple verses from different surahs can be displayed at the same time (useful in debates for references). Custom highlights are also possible. See their [http://quranx.com/Help help page] for details'' | |||
===Downloads=== | ===Downloads=== | ||
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[[Category:Qur'an]] | [[Category:Qur'an]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Revelation]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Allah]] | ||
[[Category:Qur'anic textual history]] | |||
[[Category:Muhammad]] | |||
[[Category:Supernatural beings]] |