List of expeditions of Muhammad: Difference between revisions

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{{legend|#EEEEEE|Sariyyah (expeditions which he ordered but did not take part (73))|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{legend|pink|Ghazwah (expeditions which he ordered and took part (27))|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

</center></small><br />

*{{Bukhari|4|52|256}}

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=345}}</ref>

*{{muslim|42|7149}}

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref name="books.google.co.uk" />

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref name="http" />

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=286}}</ref>

*{{Quran|2|217}} <ref>{{citation|title=The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r_80rJHIaOMC&pg=PA246| first=Saifur Rahman Al|last=Mubarakpuri|year=2005|publisher=Darussalam Publications|isbn=978-9960899558|page=246}}</ref><ref>Muhammad Ibn Abd-al-Wahhab, Mukhta?ar zad al-ma?ad, p. 347.</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]]<ref>{{citation|title=The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r_80rJHIaOMC&pg=PA247| first=Saifur Rahman Al|last=Mubarakpuri|year=2005|publisher=Darussalam Publications|isbn=978-9960899558|page=247}} See footnote 1, page 247</ref>

*{{Quran|8|47}}, {{Quran|68|25}}, {{Quran|8|5}}, {{Quran|8|6}} and more<ref>Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp. 133-138. ([http://www.webcitation.org/612cLy78j online])</ref>

*{{bukhari|4|53|369}}, {{bukhari|5|59|357}}, {{abudawud|14|2716}}, {{bukhari|5|59|293}} <ref>Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 137. ([http://www.webcitation.org/612cLy78j online])</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=210}}</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=675–676}}</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=675}}</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=361|quote=Raid called al-Sawiq}}</ref>

*{{Quran|8|58}},<ref>{{citation | title= Al-Taw?id | volume = 5 | url =https://books.google.com/books?ei=gqIVTsfPE4i58gPsotUP&ct=result&id=7MfXAAAAMAAJ&dq=band|author= Sazman-i Tablighat-i Islami | place = Tehran, Iran |year=1987|publisher=Islamic Propagation Organization, International Relations Dept|page=86}}</ref> {{Quran|3|118}},<ref>{{citation | title = The Koran| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=h-pqPwAACAAJ&dq | authorlink = John Medows Rodwell | first = JM | last = Rodwell |publisher= Phoenix|page= 342|isbn= 978-1-8421-2609-7  | quote = This was the taunt of the jews of the tribe of Kainoka, when Muhammad demanded tribute of them in the name of God.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Abu Khalil| first = Shawqi | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8BziirH6UKMC&pg=PA248 | title = Atlas of the Quran | publisher = Dar-us-Salam |year=2003|isbn= 978-9-9608-9754-7 | page = 248}}([http://www.webcitation.org/66JFc9Lzp online])</ref> {{Quran|3|12}}, {{Quran|3|13}}<ref>{{cite book|authors=Francis E. Peters|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=KnAO36Jh6bMC&pg=PA78 |title=A Reader on classical Islam|publisher=Princeton University Press|year= 1993|isbn= 978-0691000404|page= 78}}</ref>

*{{muslim|19|4364}}

*Tabari, Volume 7, The foundation of the community <ref>{{citation|title=The foundation of the community |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PA86|first= Al|last= Tabari |year= 2008| publisher = State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0887063442|page=86}}</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=659}}</ref>

*{{Bukhari|5|59|458}}

*{{Bukhari|5|59|369}}, {{muslim|19|4436}}

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=362|quote=Raid of al Furu of Bahran}}</ref>

*{{bukhari|5|59|627}}, {{muslim|19|4330}}, {{abudawud|14|2672}}

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>Mubarakpuri, The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet , p. 290 (footnote 1).</ref>

*Tabari, Volume 7, The foundation of the community <ref>{{citation|title=The foundation of the community |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PA99|first= Al|last= Tabari |year= 2008| publisher = State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0887063442|page=99}}</ref>

*{{Bukhari|4|52|264}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|370}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|371}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|372}} and more <ref>{{citation|title=The Sealed Nectar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ppPqzawIrIC&printsec=frontcover| first=Saifur Rahman Al|last=Mubarakpuri|year=2005|publisher=Darussalam Publications|page=204}}</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=482|quote=THE KILLING OF SALLAM IBN ABU'L-HUQAYQ}}</ref>

*Tabari, Volume 7, The foundation of the community <ref name="Tabari 2008 100" />

*{{bukhari|4|52|276}}, {{bukhari|3|30|108}} <ref>Mubarakpuri, The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet , p. 296 (footnote 2).</ref>

*{{Bukhari|5|59|404}}  <ref>Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=7HbuNwN9Jk0C&pg=PA89 Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 4 (Part 4): Al-I-Imran 93 to An-Nisaa 23 2nd Edition], p. 89, MSA Publication Limited, 2009, ISBN 186179682X</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=390}}</ref>

*{{muslim|19|4330}}, {{bukhari|5|59|627}} and more

*Musnad Ahmad 3:496<ref>[http://www.sunnah.org/ibadaat/tawassul_3.htm Sunnah.org], says  Ahmad 3:496, al-Waqidi 2:533, [http://www.webcitation.org/608GGdAc5 archive]</ref>

*Abu Dawud, book 2 no.1244<ref>[http://www.hadithcollection.com/abudawud/234-Abu%20Dawud%20Book%2002.%20Prayer/15945-abu-dawud-book-002-hadith-number-1244.html Abu Dawud 2:1244], hadithcollection.com [http://www.webcitation.org/608IxocVe (archive)]</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]]<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 186-187" />

*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref>{{citation|title=The last years of the Prophet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XxG8BsHNw-MC&pg=PA121|author=Al Tabari, Isma'il Qurban Husayn (translator)|year=25 Sep 1990|publisher=State University of New York Press

|Some men requested that Muhammad send instructors to teach them Islam,<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 187" /> but the men were bribed by the two tribes of Khuzaymah who wanted revenge for the assassination of Khalid bin Sufyan by Muhammad's followers.<ref name="archive.org">{{cite book|authors=[[Montgomery Watt|Watt, W. Montgomery]]|title=[[Muhammad at Medina (book)|Muhammad at Medina]]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1956|isbn=978-0195773071|page=33|quote=The common version, however, is that B. Lihyan wanted to avenge the assassination of their chief at Muhammad's instigation, and bribed two clans of the tribe of Khuzaymah to say they wanted to become Muslims and ask Muhammad to send instructors.}} ([https://archive.org/details/muhammadatmedina029655mbp online])</ref> According to William Montgomery Watt, the seven men Muhammad sent may have been spies for Muhammad and instructors for Arab tribes.<ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Montgomery Watt|Watt, W. Montgomery]]|title=[[Muhammad at Medina (book)|Muhammad at Medina]]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1956|isbn=978-0-19-577307-1|page=33|quote=The common version, however, is that B. Lihyan wanted to avenge the assassination of their chief at Muhammad's instigation, and bribed two clans of the tribe of Khuzaymah to say they wanted to become Muslims and ask Muhammad to send instructors.}} ([https://archive.org/details/muhammadatmedina029655mbp online])</ref> Watt's claim that they were spies and not missionaries is mentioned in the Sunni hadith collection Sahih al-Bukhari <ref>Kailtyn Chick, [https://books.google.com/books?id=-cpUAQAAQBAJ&pg=PT338 Kailtyn Chick], p. 338, Hamlet Book Publishing , 2013</ref>

*{{muslim|4|1442}}, {{bukhari|5|59|412}} <ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 187-188">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 187-188. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60v1IUE4A online])</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]]<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 187-188" />

|Amr bin Umayyah al-Damri sent to assassinate Abu Sufyan<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 211">Mubarakpuri, [https://books.google.com/books?id=-ppPqzawIrIC&pg=PA211 The Sealed Nectar], p. 211.</ref> to avenge Khubyab bin Adi.<ref>{{citation|title=The foundation of the community|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PA147|first=Al|last=Tabari |year=2008|publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0-88706-344-2|page=147}}</ref> According to the Muslim scholar Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, the Quraysh ordered Khubyab bin Adi to be crucified by Uqba bin al-Harith during the Expedition of Al Raji because he had killed Uqba bin al-Harith's father.<ref>Mubarakpuri, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r_80rJHIaOMC&pg=PA351 The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet], pp. 350-351.</ref>

*Tabari, Volume 7, The foundation of the community<ref>{{citation|title=The foundation of the community|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PA147|first=Al|last=Tabari |year=2008|publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0887063442|page=147}}</ref>

|Muhammad sends Missionaries at request of some men from the Banu Amir tribe,<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 188">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 188. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60v1IUE4A online])</ref> but the Muslims are killed as revenge for the assassination of Khalid bin Sufyan by Muhammad's followers<ref name="archive.org" />

*Ibn Hisham<ref>Mubarakpuri, The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet , p. 352 (footnote 1).</ref>

*{{bukhari|5|59|405}}, {{muslim|4|1433}}

|Muslim scholars (like Mubarakpuri) claim, the Banu Nadir were attacked because the Angel Gabriel told Muhammad that some of the Banu Nadir wanted to assassinate him.<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 189">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 189. ([http://www.webcitation.org/612nBzuVm online])</ref> Watt contends it was in response to the tribe’s criticism of Muhammad and doubts they wanted to assassinate Muhammad. He says "it is possible that the allegation was no more than an excuse to justify the attack".<ref name="Tabari 2008 xxxv">{{citation|title=The foundation of the community |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PR35|first= Al|last= Tabari |year= 2008| publisher = State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0887063442|page=xxxv|quote=The main underlying reason for the expulsion of the clan of al-Nadir was the same as in the case of Quaynuqa, namely, that Jewish criticisms endangered the ordinary Muslim's belief in Muhammad's prophethood and in the Quran as revelation from God.}}</ref>

*{{abudawud|14|2676}}<ref>{{cite book|authors=Vesselin Popovski, Gregory M. Reichberg, Nicholas Turner|title=World religions and norms of war|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0gPXAAAAMAAJ&q|year=2009|page=296|publisher=United Nations University Press|isbn=9789280811636}}</ref>

*{{Bukhari|3|39|519}}

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]]<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 192">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 192. ([http://www.webcitation.org/612nBzuVm online])</ref>

*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref>{{citation|title=The last years of the Prophet (translated by Isma’il Qurban Husayn)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XxG8BsHNw-MC&pg=PA119| first=Al|last=Tabari|year=25 Sep 1990|publisher=State University of New York Press}}</ref>

*{{muslim|4|1830}}

*Tabari, Volume 7, The foundation of the community<ref name="Tabari 2008 161" />

*{{bukhari|5|59|627}}

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]]<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 193" />

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=657}}</ref>

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book | last =Sa'd|first= Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&q=jandal|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir | volume =2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=76|quote=Ghazwah of the Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, to Dumat Al-Jandal}}</ref>

|Muhammad orders Muslims to defend Medina from attack, after Banu Nadir and Banu Qaynuqa tribes form an alliance with the Quraysh to attack him as revenge for expelling them from Medina.<ref name="Sa'd 1967 82–84">{{cite book | last =Sa'd|first= Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&q=jandal|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir | volume =2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|pages=82–84}}</ref><ref>Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp. 196-198. ([http://www.webcitation.org/612polKF3 online])</ref> The Muslim scholar Ibn Kathir states: "The reason why the Confederates came was that a group of the leaders of the Jews of Banu Nadir, whom the Messenger of Allah had expelled from Al-Madinah to Khaybar, including Sallam bin Abu Al-Huqayq, Sallam bin Mishkam and Kinanah bin Ar-Rabi`, went to Makkah where they met with the leaders of Quraysh and incited them to make war against the Prophet" <ref>Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=rOMHnLTGtxEC&pg=PA122 Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 21 (Part 21): Al-Ankaboot 46 to Al-Azhab 30 2nd Edition], p. 122, MSA Publication Limited, 2009, ISBN 1861797338. ([http://www.webcitation.org/6TPrfmqAU online])</ref>

*[[Sahih Bukhari]] [http://www.webcitation.org/60ltc2izN 5:59:435], {{muslim|31|4940}} and more

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]]<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 196-198" />

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 82–84" />

|[[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayza|Invasion of Banu Qurayza]]

Attack Banu Qurayza because according to Muslim tradition he had been ordered to do so by the angel [[Gabriel]].<ref name="Ibn Ishaq, A. Guillaume translator 2005 461–464" /><ref name="Peters223">Peters, ''Muhammad and the Origins of Islam'', p. 222-224.</ref><ref name="Stillman140">Stillman, The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book, pp. 137-141.</ref><ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 201-205">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp. 201-205. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60wWxNMpU online])</ref><ref name="Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz'21">{{citation|title=Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz'21|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=jAHs9Wboz4gC&pg=PA213| author=[[Ibn Kathir]], Saed Abdul-Rahman |year=2009|publisher= MSA Publication Limited |pages=213|isbn= 9781861796110}}([http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=33&tid=41539 online])</ref><ref name="Inamdar">{{citation|title=Muhammad and the Rise of Islam: The Creation of Group Identity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PNDXAAAAMAAJ&q|author=Subhash C. Inamdar|year=2001|publisher=Psychosocial Press|isbn=1887841288|page=166 (footnotes)}}</ref> Al-Waqidi claims Muhammad had a treaty with the tribe which was torn apart. Stillman and Watt deny the authenticity of al-Waqidi.<ref name="Stillman14-16">Stillman, The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book, pp. 14-16.</ref> Al-Waqidi has been frequently criticized by Muslim writers, who claim that he is unreliable.<ref>[[Encyclopedia of Islam]], section on "Muhammad"</ref><ref name="Kurayza">Watt, ''[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]]'', Section on "Kurayza, Banu".</ref>

#All Males and 1 woman beheaded (Sunni Hadith)<ref>{{abudawud|14|2665}}</ref><ref>{{Bukhari|4|52|280}}</ref>

*{{abudawud|38|4390}}

*{{Bukhari|4|52|68}}, {{Bukhari|4|57|66}} and more

*Tabari, Volume 8, Victory of Islam<ref>{{citation|title= Volume 8, Victory of Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sD8_ePcl1UoC&dq| author=Al Tabari, Michael Fishbein  (translator)|year=1997|publisher= State University of New York Press |isbn=9780791431504

*{{muslim|19|4361}}, {{bukhari|5|59|658}}

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq=qurata|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=96|quote=SARIYYAH OF MUHAMMAD IBN MASLAMAH AGAINST AL-QURATA}}</ref>

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 104" />

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=105|quote=despatched Muhammad Ibn Maslamah with ten men towards Bana Tha'labah and Bana 'Uwal, a branch of Bana Tia'labah who were...}}</ref>

|Attack the Banu Thalabah tribe, as revenge for the 1st failed raid on them in which 9 Muslims died<ref name="ReferenceC" />

*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref>{{citation|title=The last years of the Prophet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XxG8BsHNw-MC&printsec=frontcover|author=Al Tabari, Isma'il Qurban Husayn (translator)|year=25 Sep 1990|publisher=State University of New York Press

|Attack the Banu Lahyan tribe to get revenge for the killing of 10 Muslims in the Expedition of Al Raji<ref name="ReferenceC" />

*{{muslim|20|4672}}<ref>{{citation|title=Riyad-us Saliheen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=28KCOnhdJHsC&printsec=frontcover|author= Yahiya ibn Sharaf al-Nawawi|year=2005|publisher=Islamic Books}} See no. 1309</ref>

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=97}}</ref>

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 99" />

*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam <ref>Tabari, [https://books.google.com/books?id=sD8_ePcl1UoC&pg=PA43 The History of Al-Tabari Vol. 8: The Victory of Islam: Muhammad at Medina A], p. 43, SUNY Press, 1997, ISBN 0791431509</ref>

*{{muslim|19|4450}}

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=100}}</ref>

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=106}}</ref>

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 107" />

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=107|quote=Sariyyah of Zayd ibn Haritha towards al-Taraf}}</ref>

*{{bukhari|2|52|191}}

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=108|quote=Sariyyah of Zayd ibn Haritha against Hisma}}</ref>

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 109" />

*{{bukhari|76|1|422}}

*{{muslim|19|4292}}

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=490}}</ref>

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 110" />

*{{muslim|19|4345}}

*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam<ref name="Volume 8, Victory of Islam" />

*Non-Muslims: 8 tortured to death<ref name="William Muir pp. 18-19" /><ref>{{Bukhari|1|4|234}}</ref>

*{{Bukhari|1|4|234}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|505}}, {{Bukhari|7|71|623}} and more

*Tirmidhi no. 3923,<ref>[http://www.box.net/shared/xvsxnaj7el Tirmidhi (Partial translation)], see no. 3923, p. 182.</ref> Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal 2:1966 <ref>Nasiruddin Khattab, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Yi90MwEACAAJ&dq English Translation of Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal], Darussalam, 2012, ISBN 6035001076 ([https://archive.org/stream/MusnadAhmadBinHanbalArabicEnglishTranslation/Musnad%20Ahmad%20Bin%20Hanbal%2C%20Arabic%20-English%20Translation-Volume%202_djvu.txt online txt]) ([https://archive.org/details/MusnadAhmadBinHanbalArabicEnglishTranslation onlinde pdf])</ref>

*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq <ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Ibn Hisham]] , [[Ibn Ishaq]], [[Alfred Guillaume]] (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Is?aq's Sirat rasul Allah|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=665|quote=Abdullah b. Rawaha's raid to kill al-Yusayr b. Rizam}}</ref>

*{{Quran|48|24}}, {{Quran|48|18}} <ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 214-215" />

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=211}}</ref>

*{{Quran|59|6}},{{Quran|59|7}}<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=kN3V_Cs6gswC&pg=PA554 Tafsir ibn Kathir (abridged), Pg 554, By Ibn Kathir, Translation by Saifur Rahman al Mubarakpuri], also see [http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=59&tid=53138 Tafsir ibn Kathir 59:7, Text Version]</ref>

*{{muslim|19|2961}}

*Sunan Abu Dawud, Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal<ref>Ibn Kathir, Saifur Rahman al-Mubarakpuri (translator), [https://books.google.com/books?id=kN3V_Cs6gswC&pg=PA555 Tafsir ibn Kathir (abridged)], p. 555 (footnote 1 & 2).</ref>

|To attack the Jews of Khaybar for booty to distribute to his followers whose expectations had recently been disappointed (according to Watt)<ref>{{cite book|authors=[[Montgomery Watt|Watt, W. Montgomery]]|title=[https://books.google.com/books?id=GfAGAQAAIAAJ Muhammad at Medina]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1956|isbn=978-0195773071|page=2|quote=Muhammad had thus a straightforward reason for attacking Khaybar. The moment he chose for the attack May /June 628 (i/y) shortly after his return from the expedition of al-Hudaybiyah was one when it was also convenient for him to have booty to distribute to his followers whose expectations had recently been disappointed.}} ([https://archive.org/details/muhammadatmedina029655mbp free online])</ref>

*{{Quran|48|15}}, {{Quran|48|20}}<ref>Mubarakpuri, The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet , p. 432.</ref>

*{{muslim|19|4450}}<ref>Mubarakpuri, The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet , pp. 433-434.</ref>

*

{{muwatta|21|13|25|}}

 

*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref name="Tabari 25 Sep 1990" />

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 146" />

|Expedition of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq

*Many killed<ref name="William Muir p. 83" /><br>(at least 7 families killed<ref>{{abudawud|14|2632}}</ref>) by Muslims

*{{abudawud|14|2632}}

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|pages=146|quote=The Sariyyah of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, on Banu Kilab at Najd}}</ref>

|Expedition of Bashir Ibn Sa’d al-Ansari (Fadak)

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 148" />

|Expedition of Ghalib ibn Abdullah al-Laithi (Mayfah)

*{{Bukhari|5|59|568}}

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|pages=149}}</ref>

*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam<ref>{{citation|title= Volume 8, Victory of Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sD8_ePcl1UoC&dq| author=Al Tabari, Michael Fishbein  (translator)|year=1997|publisher= State University of New York Press |isbn=9780791431504

|Expedition of Ghalib ibn Abdullah al-Laithi (Fadak)

|Attack the Banu Murrah as revenge for the killing of Muslims in a failed raid carried out by Muslims<ref name="William Muir p. 94">William Muir,  The life of Mahomet and history of Islam to the era of the Hegira, Volume 4, p. 94.</ref>

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 156">{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|pages=156}}</ref>

|Expedition of Bashir Ibn Sa’d al-Ansari (Yemen)

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 149" />

|Expedition of Ibn Abi Al-Awja Al-Sulami

|Expedition of Ghalib ibn Abdullah al-Laithi (Al-Kadid)

*{{abudawud|14|2672}}

*{{Quran|19|71}} <ref>Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 245. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60zYNSZDg online])</ref>

*{{bukhari|5|59|565}}, {{bukhari|5|59|565}}

*{{bukhari|5|59|644}}

*{{bukhari|3|44|663}}, {{muslim|21|4757}}

*Ibn Hisham & [[Ibn Ishaq]] <ref name="https" />

*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=AUL5Tf7sN8jIsgaVreXVDw&ct=result&id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&dq|title=Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir,By Ibn Sa'd,Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|pages=164}}</ref>

*1 Muslim killed by Muslims<ref>{{muslim|43|7176}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 5 (Part 5): An-Nisaa 24 to An-Nisaa 147 2nd Edition|authors=Ibn Kathir, Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman (translator)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GxzFCrGdyQoC&pg=PA94|page=94}}</ref>

*{{muslim|43|7176}}

#Abdullah b. Khatal<ref>{{Bukhari|5|59|582}}</ref>

#Fartana (slave girl)<ref>{{abudawud|14|2678}}</ref>

*{{Bukhari|5|59|582}}, {{abudawud|14|2678}} and more

*{{bukhari|5|59|628}}<ref>Muhsin Khan, The translation of the meanings of ?ahih AL-Bukhari, Arabic-English, Volume 5, p. 440.</ref>

*{{Quran|9|25}}, {{Quran|9|26}} <ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 261-262">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp. 261-262. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60zcciKiY online])</ref>

*{{Bukhari|4|53|370}},

{{muwatta|21|10|19|}}<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 261-262" />

*{{Quran|4|24}}<ref>{{cite book|authors=A?mad ibn Mu?ammad Ibn ?anbal, Susan Ann Spectorsky (translator), Is?aq ibn Ibrahim Ibn Rahwayh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_8kZJ9CxJdIC&pg=PA38|title=Chapters on marriage and divorce: responses of Ibn ?anbal and Ibn Rahwayh|year=1993|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=9780292776722|page=38}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 5 (Part 5): An-Nisaa 24 to An-Nisaa 147|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dlzGFbl0XoIC&pg=PA24

*{{muslim|8|3432}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|612}} and more

*{{bukhari|5|59|612}}, {{muslim|3|6092}}

*{{bukhari|5|59|612}}

*{{bukhari|5|59|615}}, {{bukhari|9|93|572}} and more

*{{abudawud|14|2639}}

*{{Bukhari|5|59|702}}, {{Bukhari|6|60|199}} and more

*Sunan Abu Dawud {{abudawud|19|3031}}

*{{Quran|3|61}}<ref>{{citation|title=Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 3 (Part 3): Al-Baqarah 253 to Al-I-'Imran 92 2nd Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DZpfurStAiUC&pg=PA125|first=Muhammad|last=Saed Abdul Rahman|year=11 Nov 2009|publisher=MSA Publication Ltd|page=125|isbn=978-1861796776}}</ref>

*{{bukhari|2|24|573}}

*{{bukhari|5|59|641}}, {{bukhari|5|59|642}}, {{bukhari|5|59|643}} and more

*{{bukhari|5|59|744}}, {{bukhari|5|59|745}} and more

[[Category:Muhammad]]

[[Category:Sirah]]

[[Category:Sacred history]]

[[Category:Islamic History]]