List of Killings Ordered or Supported by Muhammad: Difference between revisions

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Additional hadiths for Fartana and Quraybah as Abu Dawud 14:2678 is graded weak by al-Albani
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(Additional hadiths for Fartana and Quraybah as Abu Dawud 14:2678 is graded weak by al-Albani)
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{{legend|#E3E3B6|Supported but not ordered by Muhammad|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#FFD4D4|Women and/or children|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#B6B6E3|Apostates|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}<BR>{{legend|#FFF3D4|Reasons including writing or reciting poetry|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#DEFFD4|Reasons including "causing offence"|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#D4F4FF|Reasons including monetary gain|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#FDFF75|Reasons including preventing idolatry or rival prophets|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}</center></small><BR>
{{legend|#E3E3B6|Supported but not ordered by Muhammad|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#FFD4D4|Women and/or children|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#B6B6E3|Apostates|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}<BR>{{legend|#FFF3D4|Reasons including writing or reciting poetry|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#DEFFD4|Reasons including "causing offence"|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#D4F4FF|Reasons including monetary gain|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#FDFF75|Reasons including preventing idolatry or rival prophets|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}</center></small><BR>


Names in '''bold''' indicate that the ''only'' reason given in the sources was that indicated by the colour code in the Reasons column. All others may have been killed for additional reasons such as posing or inciting a physical threat or guilty of murder as indicated in the Reasons column.
Names in '''bold''' indicate that the ''only'' reason why the sources indicate Muhammad wanted them to be killed or threatened with death was because they had mocked, insulted, or cast doubt on him, or to extort economic gain, or to destroy idolatry or rival prophets. All others may have been killed for additional reasons such as posing or inciting a physical threat, or deserved punishment for murder or harming people, as indicated in the Reasons column.


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;"
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*Musnad Ahmad 3:496<ref>[http://www.sunnah.org/ibadaat/tawassul_3.htm Sunnah.org], says  Ahmad 3:496, al-Waqidi 2:533, [http://archive.is/hqM8x archive]</ref>
*Musnad Ahmad 3:496<ref>[http://www.sunnah.org/ibadaat/tawassul_3.htm Sunnah.org], says  Ahmad 3:496, al-Waqidi 2:533, [http://archive.is/hqM8x archive]</ref>
*Abu Dawud, book 2 no.1244<ref>[http://www.hadithcollection.com/abudawud/234-Abu%20Dawud%20Book%2002.%20Prayer/15945-abu-dawud-book-002-hadith-number-1244.html Abu Dawud 2:1244], hadithcollection.com [http://www.webcitation.org/608IxocVe (archive)]</ref>
*{{Abudawud||1244|Hasan}}
*Ibn Hisham, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 186-187"/>
*Ibn Hisham, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 186-187"/>
*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref>{{citation|title=The last years of the Prophet|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XxG8BsHNw-MC&pg=PA121|authors=Al Tabari, Isma'il Qurban Husayn (translator)|year=25 Sep 1990|publisher=State University of New York Press
*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref>{{citation|title=The last years of the Prophet|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XxG8BsHNw-MC&pg=PA121|authors=Al Tabari, Isma'il Qurban Husayn (translator)|year=25 Sep 1990|publisher=State University of New York Press
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Fartana is killed<ref name="Wahid 327-333"/><ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 254"/><ref name="Hussain Haykal p. 440"/>
Fartana is killed<ref name="Wahid 327-333"/><ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 254"/><ref name="Hussain Haykal p. 440"/>
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*{{abudawud|14|2677}}
*{{abudawud|14|2678}}
*{{abudawud|14|2678}}
*{{Al Nasai||5|37|4072}}
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 550">Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh, p. 550.</ref>
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 550">Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh, p. 550.</ref>
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 174"/>
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 174"/>
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Quraybah converts to Islam and is pardoned<ref name="Wahid 327-333"/><ref name="Sa'd 1967 174"/>
Quraybah converts to Islam and is pardoned<ref name="Wahid 327-333"/><ref name="Sa'd 1967 174"/>
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*{{abudawud|14|2677}}
*{{abudawud|14|2678}}
*{{abudawud|14|2678}}
*{{Al Nasai||5|37|4072}}
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 550"/>
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 550"/>
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 174"/>
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 174"/>
<ref name="Waqidi p406"/>
*Al-Waqidi, Kitab al-Maghazi<ref name="Waqidi p406"/>
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#Ibn Ishaq reports that she embraced Islam but was killed later, during the time of Umar<ref name="Muhammad p. 551"/>
#Ibn Ishaq reports that she embraced Islam but was killed later, during the time of Umar<ref name="Muhammad p. 551"/>
#Tabari reports she was killed<ref name="books.google.com">{{citation|title= Volume 8, Victory of Islam|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=sD8_ePcl1UoC&dq| authors=Al Tabari, Michael Fishbein  (translator)|year=1997|publisher= State University of New York Press |isbn=9780791431504
#Tabari reports she was killed<ref name="books.google.com">{{citation|title= Volume 8, Victory of Islam|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=sD8_ePcl1UoC&dq| authors=Al Tabari, Michael Fishbein  (translator)|year=1997|publisher= State University of New York Press |isbn=9780791431504
|page=79}}</ref>  
|pages=179-180}}</ref>  
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*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 551"/>
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 551"/>
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*{{Bukhari|5|59|662}}, {{Bukhari|4|56|817}}
*{{Bukhari|5|59|662}}, {{Bukhari|4|56|817}}
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 551"/>
*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref name="The last years of the Prophet"/>
*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref name="The last years of the Prophet"/>
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref>{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&q|title= Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=168}}</ref>
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! style="background: #EEEEEE;" | 26
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*Al-Waqidi's Kitab al-Maghazi<ref name="Waqidi p417">The Life of Muhammad: Al-Waqidi's Kitab al-Maghazi (Routledge Studies in Classical Islam). Faizer, Rizwi [Editor]. Routledge p.417</ref>
*Al-Waqidi's Kitab al-Maghazi<ref name="Waqidi p417">The Life of Muhammad: Al-Waqidi's Kitab al-Maghazi (Routledge Studies in Classical Islam). Faizer, Rizwi [Editor]. Routledge p.417</ref>
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir<ref name="Ibn Sa'd p. 179">Ibn Sa'd, Syed Moinul Haq (translator), Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2, p. 174.</ref>
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! style="background: #EEEEEE;" | 38
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| style="background: #B6B6E3;" |'''Abdullah ibn Sa'd ibn Sarh'''
| style="background: #B6B6E3;" |'''Abdallah ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh'''
| During/after Conquest of Mecca<ref name="Wahid 327-333"/>
| During/after Conquest of Mecca<ref name="Wahid 327-333"/>
(Jan 630)[
(Jan 630)[
| style="background: #DEFFD4;" |Kill Abdullah ibn Sa‘ad, because he became and apostate (left Islam) and fled to Mecca. He also claimed that he was the one who wrote certain verses of the Qur'an and started to mock Muhammad, which made him angry<ref name="Sir. William 1861 131">{{citation|title=The life of Mahomet|url= http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Feo9AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA131 |first=Muir| last=Sir. William|year=1861 | publisher=Abe books|page=131}}</ref>
| style="background: #DEFFD4;" |Kill Abdallah ibn Sa‘ad, because he became and apostate (left Islam) and fled to Mecca. He also claimed that he was the one who wrote certain verses of the Qur'an and started to mock Muhammad, which made him angry<ref name="Sir. William 1861 131">{{citation|title=The life of Mahomet|url= http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Feo9AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA131 |first=Muir| last=Sir. William|year=1861 | publisher=Abe books|page=131}}</ref>
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On the day of the Conquest of Mecca, Abdullah ibn Sa'd ibn Sarh accepted Islam again<ref>Al-Tabari, "History of al-Tabari Vol. 9 - The Last Years of the Prophet", transl. Ismail K. Poonawala, p.148, Albany: State University of New York Press</ref>. A misunderstanding leads to his pardoning. He was brought in front of Muhammad and offered his loyalty, Muhammad upheld his hand to indicate that his followers should kill him, but the Muslims thought he pardoned him.<ref name="Sir. William 1861 131"/> He said "Was not there a wise man among you who would stand up to him when he saw that I had withheld my hand from accepting his allegiance, and kill him?"<ref>{{abudawud|38|4346}}</ref>
On the day of the Conquest of Mecca, Abdallah ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh accepted Islam again<ref name="Tabari ibn Sarh">Al-Tabari, "History of al-Tabari Vol. 9 - The Last Years of the Prophet", transl. Ismail K. Poonawala, p.148, Albany: State University of New York Press</ref>. A misunderstanding leads to his pardoning. He was brought in front of Muhammad and offered his loyalty, Muhammad upheld his hand to indicate that his followers should kill him, but the Muslims thought he pardoned him.<ref name="Sir. William 1861 131"/> He said "Was not there a wise man among you who would stand up to him when he saw that I had withheld my hand from accepting his allegiance, and kill him?"<ref>{{abudawud|38|4346}}</ref>
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*{{abudawud|38|4346}}, {{abudawud|14|2677}}
*{{abudawud|38|4346}}, {{abudawud|14|2677}}
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 550"/>
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 550"/>
*Al-Tabari, History Vol.9<ref name="Tabari ibn Sarh"/>
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! style="background: #E3E3B6;" | 39
! style="background: #E3E3B6;" | 39
| '''Ibn an-Nawwahah'''
| '''Ibn an-Nawwahah'''
| Unknown
| Unknown
| style="background: #FDFF75;" |According to Ibn Kathir, Muhammad once said about Ibn an-Nawwahah "I would have cut off your head, if it was not that emissaries are not killed" because he claimed Musaylimah was a Prophet, so Abdullah ibn Masud killed Ibn an-Nawwahah when he was no longer an emissary<ref name="Mubarakpuri p. 379">Shaykh Safiur Rahman Al Mubarakpuri, Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar Ibn Kathīr, Ṣafī al-Raḥmān Mubārakfūrī, Tafsir Ibn Kathir (Volume 4), Volume 4, p. 379. ([http://www.webcitation.org/619xF7mgV online])</ref><ref name="abudawud 14 2756">{{abudawud|14|2756}}</ref>
| style="background: #FDFF75;" |Ibn Kathir and Sunan Abu Dawud record that Muhammad once said about Ibn an-Nawwahah "I would have cut off your head, if it was not that emissaries are not killed" because he claimed Musaylimah was a Prophet, so Abdullah ibn Masud killed Ibn an-Nawwahah when he was no longer an emissary<ref name="Mubarakpuri p. 379">Shaykh Safiur Rahman Al Mubarakpuri, Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar Ibn Kathīr, Ṣafī al-Raḥmān Mubārakfūrī, Tafsir Ibn Kathir (Volume 4), Volume 4, p. 379. ([http://www.webcitation.org/619xF7mgV online])</ref><ref name="abudawud 14 2756">{{abudawud|14|2756}}</ref>
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Abdullah ibn Masud beheads Ibn an-Nawwahah<ref name="Mubarakpuri p. 379"/><ref name="abudawud 14 2756">{{abudawud|14|2756}}</ref>
Abdullah ibn Masud beheads Ibn an-Nawwahah<ref name="Mubarakpuri p. 379"/><ref name="abudawud 14 2756">{{abudawud|14|2756}}</ref>
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