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[[File:Crucified in iraq.jpg|right|210px|thumb|Victims of crucifixion, under Saddam Hussein's regime in Iraq. It is a prescribed punishment in {{Quran|5|33}} for those who cause 'mischief'. (''[[Images_-_Punishments|more images]]'')]] | [[File:Crucified in iraq.jpg|right|210px|thumb|Victims of crucifixion, under Saddam Hussein's regime in Iraq. It is a prescribed punishment in {{Quran|5|33}} for those who cause 'mischief'. (''[[Images_-_Punishments|more images]]'')]] | ||
==Definition== | ==Definition== | ||
'''Crucifixion''' (صلبه ''salb'') typically refers to the | '''Crucifixion''' (صلبه ''salb'') typically refers to the painful method of execution and/or torture by tying and/or nailing someone to a cross, stake or tree. It can also refer to the method of public display of a body after execution. | ||
==In the Modern World== | ==In the Modern World== | ||
Despite the fact that Constantine the Great, the first Christian emperor, abolished crucifixion in the Roman Empire in 337 AD, out of veneration for [[Jesus|Jesus Christ]], the most famous victim of crucifixion,<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/144583/crucifixion crucifixion] - Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2009</ref> Muhammad perpetuated this practice by declaring it a prescribed punishment in [[Islamic law]]. | Despite the fact that Constantine the Great, the first Christian emperor, abolished crucifixion in the Roman Empire in 337 AD, out of veneration for [[Jesus|Jesus Christ]], the most famous victim of crucifixion,<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/144583/crucifixion crucifixion] - Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2009</ref> Prophet [[Muhammad]] perpetuated this practice by declaring it a prescribed punishment in [[Shariah|Islamic law]]. | ||
Crucifixion is still a part of Iran's criminal code,<ref>Ehsan Zar Rokh - [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1108208 Case Study in Iranian Criminal System] - University of Tehran, 2008</ref> and as a method of torture and execution is still being used, primarily against Christians and Christian converts, in Sudan and Iraq, both Islamic countries.<ref>Simon Caldwell - [http://www.archive.catholicherald.co.uk/articles/a0000648.shtml Christians are ‘crucified’ in guerrilla raids] - The Catholic Herald, September 25, 2009</ref><ref>[http://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=56726 Report: Christians crucified by terrorists in Iraq] - WorldNetDaily, July 17, 2007</ref> | Crucifixion is still a part of [[Iran]]'s criminal code,<ref>Ehsan Zar Rokh - [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1108208 Case Study in Iranian Criminal System] - University of Tehran, 2008</ref> and as a method of torture and execution is still being used, primarily against [[Christians]] and Christian [[converts]], in [[Sudan]] and [[Iraq]], both Islamic countries.<ref>Simon Caldwell - [http://www.archive.catholicherald.co.uk/articles/a0000648.shtml Christians are ‘crucified’ in guerrilla raids] - The Catholic Herald, September 25, 2009</ref><ref>[http://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=56726 Report: Christians crucified by terrorists in Iraq] - WorldNetDaily, July 17, 2007</ref> | ||
As Joseph (who was taken into slavery by Muslims at the age of seven) found out in November, | As Joseph (who was taken into slavery by Muslims at the age of seven) found out in November 2004, not even children are spared. | ||
{{Quote||[[File:Crucifixion victim Joseph.jpg|thumb|Left|175px|Christian slave-boy Joseph.]]"During his enslavement, he was often beaten, tortured and abused by his Arab master. African slaves, especially Christians, are viewed as lower than animals. | {{Quote||[[File:Crucifixion victim Joseph.jpg|thumb|Left|175px|Christian slave-boy Joseph.]]"During his enslavement, he was often beaten, tortured and abused by his Arab master. African slaves, especially Christians, are viewed as lower than animals. | ||
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"After brutally beating Joseph on the head and all over his body, the master laid him out on a wooden plank. He then nailed Joseph to the plank by driving nine-inch nails through his hands, knees and feet. He then poured acid on Joseph's legs to inflict even greater pain, and finally left him for dead."<ref>Michael Ireland - [http://www.assistnews.net/STORIES/2004/s04110038.htm Sudanese slave 'crucified' by his master not unusual in central African nation] - ASSIST News, November 9, 2004</ref>}} | "After brutally beating Joseph on the head and all over his body, the master laid him out on a wooden plank. He then nailed Joseph to the plank by driving nine-inch nails through his hands, knees and feet. He then poured acid on Joseph's legs to inflict even greater pain, and finally left him for dead."<ref>Michael Ireland - [http://www.assistnews.net/STORIES/2004/s04110038.htm Sudanese slave 'crucified' by his master not unusual in central African nation] - ASSIST News, November 9, 2004</ref>}} | ||
Adding itself to the ranks of shariah-practicing leaderships, Hamas, the Islamic governing body of Gaza, reinstated the penalty of crucifixion in 2008,<ref>Nicole Jansezian - [http://www.newsmax.com/International/Hamas-bombs-Gaza-Israel/2009/01/09/id/327583 Hamas Reinstates Crucifixions of Christians] - Newsmax, January 9, 2009</ref> and in May | Adding itself to the ranks of shariah-practicing leaderships, Hamas, the Islamic governing body of Gaza, reinstated the penalty of crucifixion in 2008,<ref>Nicole Jansezian - [http://www.newsmax.com/International/Hamas-bombs-Gaza-Israel/2009/01/09/id/327583 Hamas Reinstates Crucifixions of Christians] - Newsmax, January 9, 2009</ref> and in May 2009 and June 2010 two convicted killers were beheaded in [[Saudi Arabia]] and their bodies were crucified for public display.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/05/30/saudi.arabia.execution/index.html Convicted killer beheaded, put on display in Saudi Arabia] - CNN, May 30, 2009</ref><ref>[http://www.news.com.au/breaking-news/saudi-beheads-and-nails-murderers-body-to-cross/story-e6frfku0-1225882510806 Saudi beheads and nails murderer's body to cross] - NewsCore, June 22, 2010</ref> | ||
In June 2011 two Christian brothers from the Ivory Coast were badly beaten, tortured, then nailed with steel spikes to cross-shaped planks by their hands and feet, on “the example of Christ” by forces loyal to Muslim President Alassane Ouattara. Raphael, the eldest brother, died from his injuries.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://barnabasfund.org/US/News/News-analysis/Brothers-crucified-by-Ouattara-forces-in-Ivory-Coast.html|2=2011-07-02}} Brothers crucified by Ouattara forces in Ivory Coast] - Barnabas Aid, June 8, 2011</ref> | In June 2011 two Christian brothers from the [[Ivory Coast]] were badly beaten, tortured, then nailed with steel spikes to cross-shaped planks by their hands and feet, on “the example of Christ” by forces loyal to Muslim President Alassane Ouattara. Raphael, the eldest brother, died from his injuries.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://barnabasfund.org/US/News/News-analysis/Brothers-crucified-by-Ouattara-forces-in-Ivory-Coast.html|2=2011-07-02}} Brothers crucified by Ouattara forces in Ivory Coast] - Barnabas Aid, June 8, 2011</ref> | ||
Rudolph Peters, a well respected historian and specialist in Islamic law, writes: | Rudolph Peters, a well respected historian and specialist in Islamic law, writes: | ||