Glossary of Islamic Terms: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search

Glossary of Islamic Terms (view source)

Revision as of 00:48, 8 March 2021

412 bytes added ,  8 March 2021
no edit summary
[checked revision][checked revision]
No edit summary
No edit summary
(25 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 41: Line 41:
|Literal meaning: "People of the House". This term occurs twice in the Quran {{Quran|11|73}} {{Quran|33|33}}. In Quran. 11:73 it refers to the “house” or family of the prophet Abraham, while in Quran 33:33 it has a more general sense. In its pre-Islamic usage, the term was applied to the ruling family of a clan or tribe, and thus it implies a certain nobility and right to rule.
|Literal meaning: "People of the House". This term occurs twice in the Quran {{Quran|11|73}} {{Quran|33|33}}. In Quran. 11:73 it refers to the “house” or family of the prophet Abraham, while in Quran 33:33 it has a more general sense. In its pre-Islamic usage, the term was applied to the ruling family of a clan or tribe, and thus it implies a certain nobility and right to rule.
|-
|-
|'''[[Islam and the People of the Book|Ahl al-Kitab]]'''
|'''[[People of the Book|Ahl al-Kitab]]'''
|أهل الكتاب
|أهل الكتاب
|Literal meaning: People of the book, a term originated in the Qur'an to represent Jews and Christians who received earlier revelations from God.
|Literal meaning: People of the book, a term originated in the Qur'an to represent Jews and Christians who received earlier revelations from God.
Line 53: Line 53:
|The daughter of Abu Bakr. She was Muhammad's third and favorite wife whom he married after the death of Khadıjah, his first wife. Aisha was only six years old at the time of her marriage to Muhammad.
|The daughter of Abu Bakr. She was Muhammad's third and favorite wife whom he married after the death of Khadıjah, his first wife. Aisha was only six years old at the time of her marriage to Muhammad.
|-
|-
|'''[[Islamic Witch Hunts|Al-‘ayn]]'''
|'''[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Witchcraft and the Occult|Al-‘ayn]]'''
|العين
|العين
|Arabic word meaning "the (evil) eye". Witchcraft and the effects of the "evil eye" are mainstream Islamic beliefs, supported by sahih hadith.
|Arabic word meaning "the (evil) eye". Witchcraft and the effects of the "evil eye" are mainstream Islamic beliefs, supported by sahih hadith.
Line 73: Line 73:
|Meaning "loyalty and disavowal". An Islamic concept that requires one to love what Allah loves, and hate what Allah hates.
|Meaning "loyalty and disavowal". An Islamic concept that requires one to love what Allah loves, and hate what Allah hates.
|-
|-
|'''[[Islamic Antisemitism|Antisemitism]]'''
|'''[[Antisemitism in Islam|Antisemitism]]'''
|معاداة السامية
|معاداة السامية
|Hatred of Jews.  The Quran is extremely antisemitic.  See Craig Winn's [http://www.prophetofdoom.net/Mein_Kampf.Islam comparison of Muhammad and Hitler].
|Hatred of Jews.  The Quran is extremely antisemitic.  See Craig Winn's [http://www.prophetofdoom.net/Mein_Kampf.Islam comparison of Muhammad and Hitler].
Line 97: Line 97:
|“I ask God's forgiveness”  
|“I ask God's forgiveness”  
|-
|-
|'''[[Friendship of Non-Muslims|Awliya]]'''
|'''[[Friendship of non-Muslims|Awliya]]'''
|أَوْلِيَآءَ
|أَوْلِيَآءَ
|Meaning 'protector', or 'friend'. The Qur'an forbids Muslims from taking Christians, Jews and other disbelievers as freinds.
|Meaning 'protector', or 'friend'. The Qur'an forbids Muslims from taking Christians, Jews and other disbelievers as freinds.
Line 162: Line 162:
|Daleel is an Arabic word meaning 'evidence'. In regards to Islamic hadith (narrations concerning the actions and orders of Muhammad), Daleel can either be Da`if (weak), Hasan (good), or Sahih (authentic).
|Daleel is an Arabic word meaning 'evidence'. In regards to Islamic hadith (narrations concerning the actions and orders of Muhammad), Daleel can either be Da`if (weak), Hasan (good), or Sahih (authentic).
|-
|-
|[[Dar al-Harb|'''Dar'al Harb''']] (or Dar'ul Harb arabic. House of War)
|[[Dar al-Harb and Dar al-Islam (the Abodes of War and Peace)|'''Dar'al Harb''']] (or Dar'ul Harb arabic. House of War)
|دار الحرب
|دار الحرب
|An Islamic term used for countries which are not under Islamic rule.
|An Islamic term used for countries which are not under Islamic rule.
|-
|-
|[[Dar al-Islam|'''Dar'al Islam''']] (or Dar'ul Islam -arab. House of Islam)
|[[Dar al-Harb and Dar al-Islam (the Abodes of War and Peace)|'''Dar'al Islam''']] (or Dar'ul Islam -arab. House of Islam)
|دار الإسلام‎‎
|دار الإسلام‎‎
|An Arabic term used to refer to lands that are under the rule of Muslim governments.
|An Arabic term used to refer to lands that are under the rule of Muslim governments.
Line 178: Line 178:
|Non-Muslim communities living under Islamic law (Shariah), who enjoy legal status but are subject to many restrictions and taxes. Also described as humans of second class, referring to the 'People of the Book', i.e. Jews and Christians.  
|Non-Muslim communities living under Islamic law (Shariah), who enjoy legal status but are subject to many restrictions and taxes. Also described as humans of second class, referring to the 'People of the Book', i.e. Jews and Christians.  
|-
|-
|'''[[Dhul-Qarnayn]]'''
|'''[[Category:Dhul-Qarnayn|Dhul-Qarnayn]]'''
|ذو القرنين
|ذو القرنين
|A figure appearing in {{Quran|18|83-98}}, identified by some as Alexander the Great who built a barrier against Gog and Magog.  
|A figure appearing in {{Quran|18|83-98}}, identified by some as Alexander the Great who built a barrier against Gog and Magog.  
Line 212: Line 212:
|'''[[Fard]]'''
|'''[[Fard]]'''
|فرض
|فرض
|When something is fard, it is an obligatory duty that every Muslim is required to perform. For example; daily prayer (salah), hijab, pilgrimage to Mecca ([[hajj]]), and [[Jihad is Compulsory (Fard)|jihad]].
|When something is fard, it is an obligatory duty that every Muslim is required to perform. For example; daily prayer (salah), hijab, pilgrimage to Mecca ([[hajj]]), and [[Jihad as Obligation (Fard)|jihad]].
|-
|-
|'''[[Fatwa]]'''
|'''[[Fatwa]]'''
Line 335: Line 335:
| Derived from the Greek ''evangelion''; a holy book given to Isa by Allah that Muslims claim is the "true" Gospel whereas the gospels of the New Testament are generally considered by them to be corrupted.
| Derived from the Greek ''evangelion''; a holy book given to Isa by Allah that Muslims claim is the "true" Gospel whereas the gospels of the New Testament are generally considered by them to be corrupted.
|-
|-
|[[If Anyone Slew a Person|'''Innocent''']]
|[[If Anyone Slays a Person (Qur'an 5:32)|'''Innocent''']]
|برئ
|برئ
|In Islam, only Muslims are viewed as innocent. Non-Muslims have not accepted Islam, therefore they are seen as guilty of a crime against Allah. (see [[If Anyone Slew a Person|If Anyone Slew a Person (Qur'an 5:32)]])
|In Islam, only Muslims are viewed as innocent. Non-Muslims have not accepted Islam, therefore they are seen as guilty of a crime against Allah. (see [[If Anyone Slays a Person (Qur'an 5:32)|If Anyone Slew a Person (Qur'an 5:32)]])
|-
|-
|'''[[In Sha Allah|In sha' allah]]'''  
|'''[[In Sha Allah|In sha' allah]]'''  
Line 367: Line 367:
|Like Nazism was a National-Socialism, Islam is such a Religious-Socialism since its Khalifat is meant to be imposed worldwide, including its lifestyle, through forced conversion.
|Like Nazism was a National-Socialism, Islam is such a Religious-Socialism since its Khalifat is meant to be imposed worldwide, including its lifestyle, through forced conversion.
|-
|-
|'''[[Islamophobia]]'''
|'''Islamophobia'''
|الخوف من الإسلام
|الخوف من الإسلام
|The neologism itself is a logical fallacy, and it is frequently used to inhibit very valid criticism of Islam.
|A neologism intended to describe bigotry towards Muslim (although Muslimophobia is perhaps a more appropriate term for that particular usage). The term is, unfortunately, frequently used to inhibit criticisms of Islam as an ideology/dogma (and not its human adherents).
|-
|-
|'''Iqamat-ud-Deen'''  
|'''Iqamat-ud-Deen'''  
Line 384: Line 384:
!Definition
!Definition
|-
|-
|'''[[Jahannam]]'''  
|'''[[Jahannam (Hell)|Jahannam]]'''  
|جهنم‎‎
|جهنم‎‎
|Jahannam (Hell) was specifically created and prepared with eternal fire by Allah, so that he could torture disbelievers, most of whom are women.
|Jahannam (Hell) was specifically created and prepared with eternal fire by Allah, so that he could torture disbelievers, most of whom are women.
Line 394: Line 394:
|'''[[Gabriel‎|Jibreel]] (Gabriel)'''  
|'''[[Gabriel‎|Jibreel]] (Gabriel)'''  
|جبريل
|جبريل
|According to Islamic scriptures, Jibreel is the angel who first appeared to Muhammad in the cave of Hijra and taught him the Qur'an. According to the Qur'an, he was also sent by Allah to [[Allah and Marys Vagina|blow into Mary's vagina]].
|According to Islamic scriptures, Jibreel is the angel who first appeared to Muhammad in the cave of Hijra and taught him the Qur'an. According to the Qur'an, he was also sent by Allah to [[Virgin Conception of Jesus in the Qur'an|blow into Mary's vagina]].
|-
|-
|'''[[Terrorism|Jihad]] (Djihad: struggle)'''
|'''[[Jihad|Jihad]] (Djihad: struggle)'''
|جهاد
|جهاد
|A religious struggle. Most often referring to the waging of wars of aggression and conquest against non-Muslims in order to bring them and their territories under Islamic rule. (see [[Lesser vs Greater Jihad]])
|A religious struggle. Most often referring to the waging of wars of aggression and conquest against non-Muslims in order to bring them and their territories under Islamic rule. (see [[Lesser and Greater Jihad]])
|-
|-
|'''[[Genies|Jinn]] (Genies)'''
|'''[[Genies|Jinn]] (Genies)'''
Line 462: Line 462:
|-
|-
|-
|-
|'''[[Mahr]]''' (Dowry)
|'''[[Mahr (Marital Price)|Mahr]]''' (Dowry)
|مهر
|مهر
|The ''mahr'' is payment for the use of a woman's vagina in sexual intercourse. (see also [[#N|Nikah]])
|The ''mahr'' is payment for the use of a woman's vagina in sexual intercourse. (see also [[#N|Nikah]])
Line 470: Line 470:
|Deceiver. Someone who makes a person believe something that is not true; a liar. According to the Qur'an, Allah is the best of deceivers. Muhammad was also a [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Muhammad and Deception|deceiver]].
|Deceiver. Someone who makes a person believe something that is not true; a liar. According to the Qur'an, Allah is the best of deceivers. Muhammad was also a [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Muhammad and Deception|deceiver]].
|-
|-
|'''[[Mischief]]''' ("fasad" in Arabic)
|'''[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Mischief|Mischief]]''' ("fasad" in Arabic)
|فساد
|فساد
|As defined by Islamic scripture and understood by Muslims, a ''Mischief maker'' can be someone who simply refuses to accept Islam. Thus, they are liable for physical punishment and even death. The verse 5:32 about "killing one person is like killing humanity" permits killing those who do mischief (''fasad'').
|As defined by Islamic scripture and understood by Muslims, a ''Mischief maker'' can be someone who simply refuses to accept Islam. Thus, they are liable for physical punishment and even death. The verse 5:32 about "killing one person is like killing humanity" permits killing those who do mischief (''fasad'').
Line 524: Line 524:
|'''[[Nikah]]'''
|'''[[Nikah]]'''
|نكاح
|نكاح
|The Islamic equivalent of a marriage. Literally meaning "fuck" or "sexual intercourse". Jabiri-Arablu, a contemporary Islamic scholar, defines nikah as “a contract for the ownership, tamlik, of the use of [the] vagina”. The actual Arabic term for marriage is “Zawaj”. (see also [[#M|Mahr]], the payment received by the "bride" for nikah)
|The Islamic equivalent of a marriage. Literally meaning "fuck" or "sexual intercourse". Jabiri-Arablu, a contemporary Islamic scholar, defines nikah as “a contract for the ownership, tamlik, of the use of [the] vagina”. The actual Arabic term for marriage is “Zawaj”. (see also [[Mahr (Marital Price)|Mahr]], the payment received by the "bride" for nikah)
|-
|-
|'''Niqab'''  
|'''Niqab'''  
Line 631: Line 631:
|Arabic for ''authentic''. It is used to describes a Hadith as being genuine and credible.
|Arabic for ''authentic''. It is used to describes a Hadith as being genuine and credible.
|-
|-
|'''[[Saifullah]]'''
|'''Saifullah'''
|سيف الله
|سيف الله
|"Sword of Allah". A title originally given by Muhammad to Khalid ibin al-Walid, the most celebrated and loved warrior in Islamic history. It was also awarded to Shaykh Osama bin Laden in 2007.
|"Sword of Allah". A title originally given by Muhammad to Khalid ibin al-Walid, the most celebrated and loved warrior in Islamic history. It was also awarded to Shaykh Osama bin Laden in 2007.
|-
|-
|'''[[Salaf]]'''
|'''[[Salaf al-Salih (Pious Predecessors)|Salaf]]'''
|سلف‎‎
|سلف‎‎
|Arabic noun which translates to "predecessor", or "forefather". In Islam it refers to the first three generations of Muslims, the so-called "Pious Predecessors". Salafis (or "Wahhabis") are not a part of a deviant or innovative Islamic sect, but strict orthodox followers of the Qur'an and Sunnah.  
|Arabic noun which translates to "predecessor", or "forefather". In Islam it refers to the first three generations of Muslims, the so-called "Pious Predecessors". Salafis (or "Wahhabis") are not a part of a deviant or innovative Islamic sect, but strict orthodox followers of the Qur'an and Sunnah.  
Line 663: Line 663:
|Islamic profession of faith, "There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of the Allah."
|Islamic profession of faith, "There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of the Allah."
|-
|-
|'''[[Shahid]]'''
|'''[[Shaheed (Martyr)|Shahid]]'''
|شهيد‎‎
|شهيد‎‎
|Martyr. Used as a title for Muslims who have died fulfilling a religious commandment, or waging war for Islam.
|Martyr. Used as a title for Muslims who have died fulfilling a religious commandment, or waging war for Islam.
|-
|-
|'''[[Shariah|Shari'ah]] / Sharia'''
|'''[[Shari'ah (Islamic Law)|Shari'ah]] / Sharia'''
|شريعة‎‎
|شريعة‎‎
|Archaic religious judicial system, which regulates the entire social life of Muslims and non-Muslims under Islamic dominance. Believed by Muslims to be God-given, it is immutable. Bid'ah, Fard, Fiqh, Ahadith, Hudd and Tafsir are part of the jurisprudence.
|Archaic religious judicial system, which regulates the entire social life of Muslims and non-Muslims under Islamic dominance. Believed by Muslims to be God-given, it is immutable. Bid'ah, Fard, Fiqh, Ahadith, Hudd and Tafsir are part of the jurisprudence.
Line 703: Line 703:
!Definition
!Definition
|-
|-
|'''[[Tabi' al-Tabi'un]]'''
|'''Tabi' al-Tabi'un'''
|تابع التابعين
|تابع التابعين
|The generation after the Tabi'un. Tabi' al-Tabi'un is a Muslim who had seen at least one of the Tabi‘un, was rightly guided, and died in that state.
|The generation after the Tabi'un. Tabi' al-Tabi'un is a Muslim who had seen at least one of the Tabi‘un, was rightly guided, and died in that state.
Line 721: Line 721:
|'''[[Taqiyya]] (taqqiya)'''
|'''[[Taqiyya]] (taqqiya)'''
|تقیة‎‎
|تقیة‎‎
|A form of religious dissimulation whereby a Muslim can deny his faith or commit otherwise illegal or blasphemous acts while they are at risk of significant persecution. It is explicitly supported by Qur'anic verses that instruct Muslims not to "take for friends or helpers Unbelievers rather than believers... except by way of precaution," and to not utter unbelief "except [while] under compulsion". Critics of Islam often conflate the doctrine of taqiyyah with that of lying in general, mislabelling all forms of lying as an example of "taqiyya". However, taqiyya is only a single aspect of [[Lying|lying within Islam]], not the entirety of the subject itself.
|A form of religious dissimulation whereby a Muslim can deny his faith or commit otherwise illegal or blasphemous acts while they are at risk of significant persecution. It is explicitly supported by Qur'anic verses that instruct Muslims not to "take for friends or helpers Unbelievers rather than believers... except by way of precaution," and to not utter unbelief "except [while] under compulsion". Critics of Islam often conflate the doctrine of taqiyyah with that of lying in general, mislabelling all forms of lying as an example of "taqiyya". However, taqiyya is only a single aspect of lying within Islam, not the entirety of the subject itself.
|-
|-
|'''[[Corruption of Previous Scriptures (Qur'an 2:79)|Tahrif]]'''
|'''[[Corruption of Previous Scriptures|Tahrif]]'''
|تحريف
|تحريف
|Meaning ''distortion'', ''corruption'', ''alteration''. The vast majority of today's Muslims assume the Taurat and Injil have been corrupted, but the Qur'an never says the physical scriptures of the previous revelations were corrupted, only their interpretations. Many early and contemporary Muslim scholars (e.g. Ibn ‘Abbas, Ibn al-Layth, Ibn Rabban, Ibn Qutayba, Al-Ya'qubi, Al-Tabari, Al-Baqillani, Al-Mas'udi,) agree with the conclusion.
|Meaning ''distortion'', ''corruption'', ''alteration''. The vast majority of today's Muslims assume the Taurat and Injil have been corrupted, but the Qur'an never says the physical scriptures of the previous revelations were corrupted, only their interpretations. Many early and contemporary Muslim scholars (e.g. Ibn ‘Abbas, Ibn al-Layth, Ibn Rabban, Ibn Qutayba, Al-Ya'qubi, Al-Tabari, Al-Baqillani, Al-Mas'udi,) agree with the conclusion.
Line 771: Line 771:
!Definition
!Definition
|-
|-
|'''[[Friendship_of_Non-Muslims#Jews_and_Christians|Waliyu 'llah]]'''
|'''[[Relationships with non-Muslims in Islamic Law|Waliyu 'llah]]'''
|ولي الله
|ولي الله
|An Islamic phrase, meaning 'friend of Allah'.
|An Islamic phrase, meaning 'friend of Allah'.
Line 811: Line 811:
|Mid-day prayer as sun moves away from its peak position.  
|Mid-day prayer as sun moves away from its peak position.  
|}
|}
==See Also==
{{Hub4|Islamic Terms|Islamic Terms}}
IbnPinker
Editors, recentchangescleanup, Reviewers
6,632

edits

Retrieved from "http://wikiislam.net/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/127050...130667"

Navigation menu