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Five Pillars of Islam: Difference between revisions
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==Sawm== | ==Sawm== | ||
[[Sawm]] is the term which refers to Islamic [[fasting]]. The observance of sawm during the Islamic month of Ramadan is compulsory.<ref>Farah (1994), p.144-145</ref> Adherents usually wake up before dawn and | [[Sawm]] is the term which refers to Islamic [[fasting]]. The observance of sawm during the Islamic month of Ramadan is compulsory.<ref>Farah (1994), p.144-145</ref> Adherents usually wake up before dawn and eat and drink to prepare for the fast. During the fast, they refrain from eating, drinking, smoking, and engaging in [[Sex|sexual intercourse]] from dawn (fajr) to sunset (maghrib). | ||
The earliest Muslims, however, did not practice this ritual fast until two years after the Hijra, around the year 624: | The earliest Muslims, however, did not practice this ritual fast until two years after the Hijra, around the year 624: | ||
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==Zakat== | ==Zakat== | ||
[[Zakat]] is an obligatory | [[Zakat]] is an obligatory tax ref name="EBZT">{{cite web|url= http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/655448/zakat|title= zakat (Islamic tax)|publisher= Encyclopedia Britannica|author= |date= accessed November 16, 2013|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F655448%2Fzakat&date=2013-11-15|deadurl=no}}</ref> required of Muslims, amounting to about 2.5% of one's wealth over the course of a year. Under the [[Caliph|caliphates]], the collection and expenditure of zakat was a function of the state (this still remains the case in countries such as Saudi Arabia).<ref name="EBZT"></ref> [[Slavery|Slaves]] and horses owned by Muslims are exempt from this taxation,<ref>"''Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "There is no Zakat either on a horse or a slave belonging to a Muslim"''" - {{Bukhari|2|24|542}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated Abu Huraira :- The Prophet said,"There is no Zakat either on a slave or on a horse belonging to a Muslim.''" - {{Bukhari|2|24|543}}</ref> and it is generally agreed that [[non-Muslims]] are not to benefit from the alms giving.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.islamicawakening.com/viewarticle.php?articleID=984|title= The way of giving Zakat al-Fitr in non-Islamic Lands|publisher= IslamicAwakening|author= Haytham bin Jawwad al-Haddad|series= Article ID: 984|date= November 20, 2002|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.islamicawakening.com/viewarticle.php?articleID=984&date=2011-05-09|deadurl=no}}</ref> | ||
Zakat, like Sawm and Salah was not practiced by the earliest Muslims, and was only enjoined second year after hijra, around the year 624.<ref>https://www.islamweb.net/ar/fatwa/20247/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%AA-%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A9</ref> | Zakat, like Sawm and Salah was not practiced by the earliest Muslims, and was only enjoined second year after hijra, around the year 624.<ref>https://www.islamweb.net/ar/fatwa/20247/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%AA-%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A9</ref> | ||
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==Jihad and other pillars== | ==Jihad and other pillars== | ||
[[Jihad]] is sometimes referred to as the ''sixth pillar of Islam'',<ref>Iman al-Khashab, [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.moheet.com/show_files.aspx?fid=354098|2=2011-02-04}} "Why It Is Considered Our Sixth Pillar of Islam – Jihad Is Ordained to Establish the Word of Allah"], Moheet (Arabic), March 13, 2010 ([[Moheet: "The Purpose of Jihad Is to Establish the Word of Allah"|English translation]]).</ref> as it is also a [[Jihad | [[Jihad]] is sometimes referred to as the ''sixth pillar of Islam'',<ref>Iman al-Khashab, [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.moheet.com/show_files.aspx?fid=354098|2=2011-02-04}} "Why It Is Considered Our Sixth Pillar of Islam – Jihad Is Ordained to Establish the Word of Allah"], Moheet (Arabic), March 13, 2010 ([[Moheet: "The Purpose of Jihad Is to Establish the Word of Allah"|English translation]]).</ref> as it is also a [[Jihad as Obligation (Fard)|compulsory duty]], and Prophet [[Muhammad]] referred to it as "better than standing in prayer for sixty years"<ref>''"Standing for an hour in the ranks of battle is better than standing in prayer for sixty years."'' - Saheeh related by Ibn Ade and Ibn Asakir from Abu Hurayrah 4/6165. Sahih al Jaami as Sagheer no. 4305</ref> and second in importance only to the belief in Allah and himself.<ref>''"Allah's Apostle was asked, "What is the best deed?" He replied, "To believe in Allah and His Apostle (Muhammad). The questioner then asked, "What is the next (in goodness)? He replied, "To participate in Jihad (religious fighting) in Allah's Cause.""'' - {{Bukhari|1|2|26}}</ref> According to some [[Shiite|Shi'ite]] sects it is the seventh not sixth pillar (the first and second being ''Walayah'' with Allah, or having a personal relationship with God, and ''taharah'', or purity).<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.fact-index.com/s/si/sixth_pillar_of_islam.html|title= Sixth pillar of Islam|publisher= The Fact-Index|author= |date= accessed November 17, 2013|archiveurl= http://archive.is/5LHgp|deadurl=no}}</ref> | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||