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Evolution and Islam: Difference between revisions
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Traditional and modern academic scholars understand the Quranic accounts of the creation of man, and of his sustenance growing from the earth, as special acts of creation, in line with the Judeo-Christian worldview prevalent in its late antique millieu. In modern times, such interpretations of the Quran are widely regarded to be in conflict with the scentific theory of evolution. A common trend among modern Islamic scholars is to deny evolution as a scientific fact, at least with regard to the origins of mankind, even if evolution may be accepted as an explanation for the diversity of plants and other animals on Earth. A further, modernist approach, is to not only partially or fully embrace the theory of evolution as compatible with the Quran, but even to interpret its verses as alluding to the process. This article describes the verses and arguments that are sometimes employed for such purposes, as well as those cited by critics to challenge these interpretations. | |||
==Verse 21:30 - All Living Things Made From Water== | ==Verse 21:30 - All Living Things Made From Water== | ||
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Apologists stress on the word "began" in order to reject clay as a constituent of man, instead claiming that it refers to the earliest pools of water and soil where life began (and eventually humans evolved). But there is no major model of [[w:abiogenesis|abiogenesis]] which considers soil (or clay, to be more specific) essential for life. | Apologists stress on the word "began" in order to reject clay as a constituent of man, instead claiming that it refers to the earliest pools of water and soil where life began (and eventually humans evolved). But there is no major model of [[w:abiogenesis|abiogenesis]] which considers soil (or clay, to be more specific) essential for life. | ||
More importantly, the very next verse clarifies that this refers to the first man, since his descendents are created from conventional sexual reproduction (see the note on this verse in the previous section above): | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|32|8}}|Then He made his seed from a draught of despised fluid;}} | |||
Even more explicitly, a few verses state that Adam was made from clay: | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|38|71}}|[So mention] when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I am going to create a human being from clay.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|17|71}}|And [mention] when We said to the angels, "Prostrate to Adam," and they prostrated, except for Iblees. He said, "Should I prostrate to one You created from clay?"}} | |||
==Verse 7:27 - All people are descended from Adam and Eve== | |||
The Quran is explicit that every person alive is descended from Adam and his spouse. | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|7|27}}|O children of Adam, let not Satan tempt you as he removed '''your parents''' from Paradise, stripping them of their clothing to show them their private parts. Indeed, he sees you, he and his tribe, from where you do not see them. Indeed, We have made the devils allies to those who do not believe}} | |||
==Verse 71:13-14 - Creation in Stages== | ==Verse 71:13-14 - Creation in Stages== | ||