Korán, hadísy a učenci: Otroctví: Difference between revisions

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Korán, hadísy a učenci: Otroctví (view source)

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===Hadísy o Mohamedových otrocích===
===Hadísy o Mohamedových otrocích===


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|43|648}}|...In those days it was rumored that Ghassan, (a tribe living in Sham) was getting prepared their horses to invade us. My companion went (to the Prorok on the day of his turn, went and returned to us at night and knocked at my door violently, asking whether I was sleeping. I was scared (by the hard knocking) and came out to him. He řekl that a great thing had happened. I asked him: What is it? Have Ghassan come? Odpověděl that it was worse and more serious than that, and added that Aláhův apoštol had divorced all his wives. I řekl, Hafsa is a ruined loser! I expected that would happen some day.' So I dressed myself and offered the Fajr prayer with the Prorok. Then the Prorok entered an upper room and stayed there alone. I went to Hafsa and found her weeping. I asked her, 'Why are you weeping? Didn't I warn you? Have Aláhův apoštol divorced you all?' She replied, 'I don't know. He is there in the upper room.' I then went out and came to the pulpit and found a group of people around it and some of them were weeping. Then I sat with them for some time, but could not endure the situation. So I went to the upper room where '''the Prorok was and requested to a black slave of his''': "Will you get the permission of (Aláhův apoštol) for Umar (to enter)? The slave went in, talked to the Prorok about it and came out saying, 'I mentioned you to him but he did not reply.' So, I went and sat with the people who were sitting by the pulpit, but I could not bear the situation, so I went to the slave again and řekl: "Will you get he permission for Umar? He went in and brought the same reply as before. When I was leaving, behold, the slave called me saying, "Aláhův apoštol has granted you permission." So, I entered upon the Prorok and saw him lying on a mat without wedding on it, and the mat had left its mark on the body of the Prorok, and he was leaning on a leather pillow stuffed with palm fires. I greeted him and while still standing, I řekl: "Have you divorced your wives?' He raised his eyes to me and replied in the negative. And then while still standing, I řekl chatting: "Will you heed what I say, 'O Aláhův apoštol! We, the people of Quraish used to have the upper hand over our women (wives), and when we came to the people whose women had the upper hand over them..."}}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|43|648}}|...V tom období se říkalo, že Ghassan, (kmen žijící v Sham) připravoval své koně, aby nás napadl. Můj společník šel k prorokovi v den, kdy přišel na řadu, šel a vrátil se k nám v noci a zabušil silně na mé dveře a ptal se jesli spím. Měl jsem strach (protože silně bušil) a přišel k němu. On řekl, že se stala velká věc. Zeptal jsem se: Co se stalo? Přišli Ghassan? Odpověděl, že je to horší a mnohem vážnější, než tohle, a přidal, že Aláhův apoštol se rozvedl se všemi ženami. Řekl jsem, Hafsa je zruinovaná! Čekal jsem, že se to jednoho dne stane. 'Takže jsem se oblékl a nabídl fajr modlitbu s prorokem. Poté prorok přišel do horní místnosti a zůstal tam sám. Šel jsem k Hafsi a našel ji, jak pláče. Zeptal jsem se jí: 'Proč pláčeš? Nevaroval jsem tě? Rozvedl se Aláhův apoštol s Váma všema?' Ona odpověděla: 'Já nevím. On je tam v horní místnosti.' Poté jsem šel, a přišel ke kazatelně a kolem byla skupina lidí a někteří z nich plakali. Chvíli jsem s nimi poseděl, ale nemohl jsem ustát tu situaci. Takže jsem šel do horní místnosti, kde '''byl prorok a požádal jeho černého otroka''': "Dostaneš od Aláhova apoštola svolení pro Umara (aby mohl vejít)? Prorok šel dovnitř, promluvil o tom s prorokem, vyšel a řekl: 'Zmínil jsem se o tobě, ale neodpověděl.' Takže jsem šel a seděl s lidmi, kteří seděli kolem kazatelny, ale nemohl jsem tu situaci unést, takže jsem šel znovu za tím otrokem a řekl: "Získáš svolení pro Umara? Šel dovnitř a vrátil se zpět se stejnou odpovědí jako předtím. Když jsem odcházel, hle, otrok na mě zavolal: "Aláhův apoštol ti dal svolení." Takže jsem přišel za prorokem a viděl jej ležet na rohoži<!--without a wedding on it. co to je tyvole-->, a rohož nechala otisk na těle proroka, a on se skláněl nad koženým polštářem <!-- stuffed with palm fires cože palmové ohně??? si děláš kokota???-->. Pozdravil jsem jej a řekl: "Rozvedl ses se svými ženami?' Zvedl ke mě své oči a odpověděl záporně. A když jsem stál, řekl jsem: "Will you heed what I say, 'O Aláhův apoštol! My kurajšovci jsme mívali navrch nad svými ženami (manželkami), a když jsme přišli mezi lidi, kde měly ženy navrch..."}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|47|765}}|Vyprávěl Kurib: the freed slave of Ibn 'Abbas, that Maimuna bint Al-Harith řekl him that she manumitted a slave-girl without taking the permission of the Prorok. On the day when it was her turn to be with the Prorok, she řekl, "Do you know, O Aláhův apoštol, that I have manumitted my slave-girl?" He řekl, "Have you really?" She replied in the affirmative. He řekl, "You would have got more reward if you had given her (i.e. the slave-girl) to one of your maternal uncles."}}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|47|765}}|Vyprávěl Kurib: osobozený otrok Ibn 'Abbase, že Maimuna bint Al-Harith mu řekla, že osvobodila otrokyni bez svolení proroka. On the day when it was her turn to be with the Prorok, she řekl, "Do you know, O Aláhův apoštol, that I have manumitted my slave-girl?" He řekl, "Have you really?" She replied in the affirmative. He řekl, "You would have got more reward if you had given her (i.e. the slave-girl) to one of your maternal uncles."}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|53|344}}|Vyprávěl 'Ali: Fatima complained of what she suffered from the hand mill and from grinding, when she got the news that some slave girls of the booty had been brought to Aláhův apoštol. She went to him to ask for a maid-servant, but she could not find him, and řekl 'Aisha of her need. When the Prorok came, Aisha informed him of that. Prorok came to our house when we had gone to our beds. (On seeing the Prorok) we were going to get up, but he řekl, 'Keep at your places,' I felt the coolness of the Prorok's feet on my chest. Then he řekl, "Shall I tell you a thing which is better than what you asked me for? When you go to your beds, say: 'Allahu Akbar (i.e. Allah is Greater)' for 34 times, and 'Alhamdu Lillah (i.e. all the praises are for Allah)' for 33 times, and Subhan Allah (i.e. Glorified be Allah) for 33 times. This is better for you than what you have requested."}}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|53|344}}|Vyprávěl 'Ali: Fatima complained of what she suffered from the hand mill and from grinding, when she got the news that some slave girls of the booty had been brought to Aláhův apoštol. She went to him to ask for a maid-servant, but she could not find him, and řekl 'Aisha of her need. When the Prorok came, Aisha informed him of that. Prorok came to our house when we had gone to our beds. (On seeing the Prorok) we were going to get up, but he řekl, 'Keep at your places,' I felt the coolness of the Prorok's feet on my chest. Then he řekl, "Shall I tell you a thing which is better than what you asked me for? When you go to your beds, say: 'Allahu Akbar (i.e. Allah is Greater)' for 34 times, and 'Alhamdu Lillah (i.e. all the praises are for Allah)' for 33 times, and Subhan Allah (i.e. Glorified be Allah) for 33 times. This is better for you than what you have requested."}}
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