List of Muhammads Wives and Concubines: Difference between revisions

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|Married, though with limited rights.
|Married, though with limited rights.
|May 620.
|May 620.
|She was a tanner who had been an early convert to Islam. |  
|She was a tanner who had been an early convert to Islam. Muhammad married her at a time when he was unpopular and bankrupt. He considered divorcing her when, as the oldest and plainest of his wives (described as "fat and very slow"), she no longer attracted him, but she persuaded him to keep her in the house in exchange for never sleeping with her again (she gave up her turn to Aisha).
|  
*Bukhari<ref>{{Bukhari|2|26|740}}.</ref>
*Bukhari<ref>{{Bukhari|2|26|740}}.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 148, 309, 530.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 148, 309, 530.</ref>
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|Married
|Married
|Contracted May 620 but first consummated in April or May 623.
|Contracted May 620 but first consummated in April or May 623.
|She was the daughter of Muhammad's best friend and head evangelist Abu Bakr.She contributed a major body of information to Islamic law and history.
|She was the daughter of Muhammad's best friend and head evangelist Abu Bakr. Muhammad selected the six-year-old Aisha in preference to her teenaged sister, and she remained his favourite wife. She contributed a major body of information to Islamic law and history. The paedophilic aspect of this relationship has institutionalised such marriages within Islam.
|  
|  
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 116, 223, 279-280, 311, 457, 464-465, 468, 493-499, 522, 535-536, 544, 649-650, 667, 678-688.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 116, 223, 279-280, 311, 457, 464-465, 468, 493-499, 522, 535-536, 544, 649-650, 667, 678-688.</ref>
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|Married
|Married
|April 626.
|April 626.
|A widow with four young children, Hind had been rejected by her aristocratic family in Mecca because they were so hostile to Islam.She was a notable teacher of Islamic law and a partisan of Ali.
|An attractive widow with four young children, Hind had been rejected by her aristocratic family in Mecca because they were so hostile to Islam. Her tact and practical wisdom sometimes mitigated Muhammad's cruelties. She was a notable teacher of Islamic law and a partisan of Ali.
|  
|  
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 146, 147, 150-153, 167-169, 213-214, 462, 529, 536, 546, 589, 680.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 146, 147, 150-153, 167-169, 213-214, 462, 529, 536, 546, 589, 680.</ref>
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|Married
|Married
|March 627.
|March 627.
|An early convert to Islam, Zaynab was the wife of Muhammad's adopted son Zayd ibn Harithah. She was also the Prophet's biological cousin.  
|An early convert to Islam, Zaynab was the wife of Muhammad's adopted son Zayd ibn Harithah. She was also the Prophet's biological cousin. When Muhammad became infatuated with Zaynab, Zayd was pressured into a divorce. To justify marrying her, Muhammad announced new revelations that (1) an adopted son did not count as a real son, so Zaynab was not his daughter-in-law, and (2) as a prophet, he was allowed more than the standard four wives. Zaynab excelled at leather-crafts.
|
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 215, 495.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 215, 495.</ref>
*Ibn Hisham<ref>Ibn Hisham note 918.</ref>
*Ibn Hisham<ref>Ibn Hisham note 918.</ref>
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! style="background: #EEEEEE;" | 8
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" | 8
|Rayhana bint Zayd ibn Amr
|Rayhana bint Zayd ibn Amr
|
|Sexual slavery
|May 627.
|May 627.
|Her first husband was one of the 600-900 Qurayza men who died in April 627.
|Her first husband was one of the 600-900 Qurayza men whom Muhammad beheaded in April 627. He enslaved all the women and selected Rayhana for himself because she was the most beautiful. When she refused to marry him, he kept her as a concubine instead. She died shortly before Muhammad in 632.
|
|
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 466.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 466.</ref>
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|Married
|Married
|January 628.
|January 628.
|The daughter of an Arab chief
|The daughter of an Arab chief, she was taken prisoner when Muhammad attacked her tribe. Muhammad did not make a habit of marrying his war-captives, but Aisha claimed that Juwayriyah was so beautiful that men always fell in love with her at first sight.
|
|
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 490-493.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 490-493.</ref>
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|Married
|Married
|July 628 (following a proxy wedding earlier in the year)
|July 628 (following a proxy wedding earlier in the year)
|She was a daughter of Abu Sufyan, the Meccan chief who led the resistance against Muhammad, but she had been a teenaged convert to Islam.
|She was a daughter of Abu Sufyan, the Meccan chief who led the resistance against Muhammad, but she had been a teenaged convert to Islam. This marriage offset some of Muhammad's political humiliation in the Treaty of Hudaybiya by demonstrating that he could command the loyalty of his adversary's own daughter. Ramlah was devoted to Muhammad and quick to pick quarrels with people who were not.
|
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 146, 527-528, 529, 543.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 146, 527-528, 529, 543.</ref>
*Ibn Hisham<ref>Ibn Hisham note 918.</ref>
*Ibn Hisham<ref>Ibn Hisham note 918.</ref>
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|Married
|Married
|July 628.  
|July 628.  
|She was the beautiful daughter of a Jewish chief, Huyayy ibn Akhtab. Muhammad married her on the day he defeated the last Jewish tribe in Arabia, only hours after he had supervised the slaying of Kinana her second husband. His earlier victims had included her father, brother, first husband, three uncles and several cousins. This marriage was of no benefit to Safiyah's defeated tribe, who were banished from Arabia a few years later; its real political significance was that Safiyah's presence in Muhammad's household was an open demonstration that he had defeated the Jews.
|
|
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 241-242, 511, 514-515, 516-517, 520.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 241-242, 511, 514-515, 516-517, 520.</ref>
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|Married
|Married
|February 629.  
|February 629.  
|She was a middle-class widow from Mecca who proposed marriage to Muhammad.
|She was a middle-class widow from Mecca who proposed marriage to Muhammad. A placid woman who kept a very tidy house, Maymunah was completely obsessed with rules and rituals.
|
|
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 531, 679-680.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 531, 679-680.</ref>
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|Sexual slavery
|Sexual slavery
|c. June 629.  
|c. June 629.  
|She was one of several slaves whom the Governor of Egypt sent as a present to Muhammad. He kept her as a concubine despite the objections of his official wives, who feared her beauty. Mariyah bore Muhammad a son, Ibrahim.
|  
|  
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 653.</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Guillaume/Ishaq 653.</ref>
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|Divorced
|Divorced
|January 630.  
|January 630.  
|Her family resisted the Muslim invasion of Mecca. Needing to appease the conqueror, they gave him the beautiful Mulayka as a bride. When she realised that Muhammad's army had killed her father, she demanded a divorce, which he granted her. She died a few weeks later. 
|
|
*Al-Tabari<ref>{{Tabari|39|p. 165}}.</ref>
*Al-Tabari<ref>{{Tabari|39|p. 165}}.</ref>
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|Divorced
|Divorced
|February or March 630.  
|February or March 630.  
|She was the daughter of a minor chief who had converted to Islam.  
|She was the daughter of a minor chief who had converted to Islam. Muhammad divorced her after only a few weeks "because she peeked at men in the mosque courtyard." Fatima had to work for the rest of her life as a dung-collector, and she outlived all Muhammad's widows. 
*Al-Tabari<ref>{{Tabari|9|p. 138}}; {{Tabari|39|pp. 186-188}}.referred to in {{Tabari|9|pp. 136-137}} and the “Fatima bint Shurayh” of {{Tabari|9|p. 139}}</ref>
|
*Al-Tabari<ref>{{Tabari|9|p. 138}}; {{Tabari|39|pp. 186-188}}. Despite the confusion over the name, she is probably also the woman referred to in {{Tabari|9|pp. 136-137}} and the “Fatima bint Shurayh” of {{Tabari|9|p. 139}}</ref>
*Ibn Sa'd<ref>Bewley/Saad 8:100-101, 153.</ref>  
*Ibn Sa'd<ref>Bewley/Saad 8:100-101, 153.</ref>  


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|Divorced
|Divorced
|June or July 630.  
|June or July 630.  
|She was a princess from Yemen whose family hoped the marriage alliance would ward off a military invasion from Medina. But Muhammad divorced her before consummation after Aisha tricked her into reciting the divorce formula. Asma later married a brother of Umm Salama. 
|
|
*Ibn Hisham<ref>Ibn Hisham note 918 (here he has apparently confused her with Amra bint Yazid).</ref>
*Ibn Hisham<ref>Ibn Hisham note 918 (here he has apparently confused her with Amra bint Yazid).</ref>
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|Sexual slavery
|Sexual slavery
|After 627.  
|After 627.  
||
|She was a domestic slave belonging to Zaynab bint Jahsh, who made Muhammad a present of her. She seems to have been an "unofficial" concubine who did not have a regular turn on his roster. 
|
*Ibn al-Qayyim<ref>Ibn al-Qayyim, ''Za’d al-Ma’ad'' 1:114.</ref>  
*Ibn al-Qayyim<ref>Ibn al-Qayyim, ''Za’d al-Ma’ad'' 1:114.</ref>  


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|Divorced
|Divorced
|c. 631.
|c. 631.
|She was a Bedouin of no political importance.  
|She was a Bedouin of no political importance. Muhammad divorced her before consummation when he saw she had symptoms of leprosy.
|
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Ibn Ishaq, cited in Guillaume, A. (1960). ''New Light on the Life of Muhammad'', p. 55. Manchester: Manchester University Press</ref>
*Ibn Ishaq<ref>Ibn Ishaq, cited in Guillaume, A. (1960). ''New Light on the Life of Muhammad'', p. 55. Manchester: Manchester University Press</ref>
*Ibn Hisham<ref>Ibn Hisham note 918 (here he has apparently confused her with Asma bint Al-Numan).</ref>
*Ibn Hisham<ref>Ibn Hisham note 918 (here he has apparently confused her with Asma bint Al-Numan).</ref>
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! style="background: #EEEEEE;" | 19
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" | 19
|Tukana al-Quraziya
|Tukana al-Quraziya
|
|Sexual slavery
|Unknown, but probably in the last months of Muhammad's life.  
|Unknown, but probably in the last months of Muhammad's life.
|She was a member of the defeated Qurayza tribe whom Muhammad selected as one of his personal slaves. She appears to have been another "unofficial" concubine without a regular turn on the roster. After Muhammad's death, she married Abbas.  
|  
|  
*Majlisi<ref>[http://www.al-islam.org/hayat-al-qulub-vol2-allamah-muhammad-baqir-al-majlisi/54.htm/ Majlisi, ''Hayat al-Qulub'' 2:52].</ref>
*Majlisi<ref>[http://www.al-islam.org/hayat-al-qulub-vol2-allamah-muhammad-baqir-al-majlisi/54.htm/ Majlisi, ''Hayat al-Qulub'' 2:52].</ref>
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