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The jizya is the protection tax to be paid by the conquered people in [[dhimmitude]], representing both the protection from [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Jihad|jihad]] and the submission to [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Dhimmitude|dhimmitude]]. The jizya (and its associated land tax the kharaaj) is the payment to the Muslim state for ceasing the state of jihad upon the protected people. It is both to be a humiliation of the dhimmi but also a protection; historically dhimmis in Muslim lands were required by law to keep receipt of payment of the jizya on their person while travelling. The Qur'an specifies that the dhimmi is to pay the tax while being "humiliated" (صاغرين), which was inter alia interpreted by the scholars as required that the dhimmi suffers blows to his body and neck while in the process of paying the tax. Historically the pressure of the jizya on the dhimmi populations encouraged mass conversion to Islam to escape it, which is in large part how the Muslim countries came to have their Muslim majority populations.  
The jizya is the protection tax to be paid by the conquered people in [[dhimmitude]], representing both the protection from [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Jihad|jihad]] and the submission to [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Dhimmitude|dhimmitude]]. The jizya (and its associated land tax the kharaaj) is the payment to the Muslim state for ceasing the state of jihad upon the protected people. It is both to be a humiliation of the dhimmi but also a protection; historically dhimmis in Muslim lands were required by law to keep receipt of payment of the jizya on their person while travelling. The Qur'an specifies that the dhimmi is to pay the tax while being "humiliated" (صاغرين), which was inter alia interpreted by the scholars as requiring that the dhimmi suffers blows to his body and neck while in the process of paying the tax. Historically the pressure of the jizya on the dhimmi populations encouraged mass conversion to Islam to escape it, which is in large part how the Muslim countries came to have their Muslim majority populations.  


==Qur'an==
==Qur'an==
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===Al Tabari===
===Al Tabari===


{{Quote|{{Tabari|9|p. 75}}|He who holds fast to his religion, Judaism or Christianity, is not to be tempted from it. It is incumbent on them to pay the jizyah protection tax. For every adult, male or female, free or slave, one full denarius, or its value in al-ma'afir [fine cloth]. He who pays that to the Messenger has the protection of Allah and His Messenger, and he who holds back from it is the enemy of Allah and His Messenger.}}
{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. IX|ISBN=0-88706-691-7|year=1990|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor=Ismail K. Poonawala|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n2267/mode/2up|page=87}}
|He who holds fast to his religion, Judaism or Christianity, is not to be tempted from it. It is incumbent on them to pay the jizyah protection tax. For every adult, male or female, free or slave, one full denarius, or its value in al-ma'afir [fine cloth]. He who pays that to the Messenger has the protection of Allah and His Messenger, and he who holds back from it is the enemy of Allah and His Messenger.}}


{{Quote|{{Tabari|11|}}|"I call you to God and to Islam.  If you respond to the call, then you are Muslims:  You obtain the benefits they enjoy and take up the responsibilities they bear.  If you refuse, then you must pay the jizyah.  If you refuse the jizyah, I will bring against you tribes of people who are more eager for death than you are for life. We will then fight you until God decides between us and you."}}
{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. XI|ISBN=0-7914-0851-5|year=1993|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor=Khalid Yahya Blankinship|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_20_Vol|page=4}}|"I call you to God and to Islam.  If you respond to the call, then you are Muslims:  You obtain the benefits they enjoy and take up the responsibilities they bear.  If you refuse, then you must pay the jizyah.  If you refuse the jizyah, I will bring against you tribes of people who are more eager for death than you are for life. We will then fight you until God decides between us and you."}}


{{Quote|{{Tabari|12|}}|Summon the people to God; those who respond to your call, accept it from them, but those who refuse must pay the poll tax out of humiliation and lowliness. If they refuse this, it is the sword without leniency. Fear God with regard to what you have been entrusted.}}
{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. XII|ISBN=0-7914-0733-0|year=1992|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor=Yohanan Friedmann|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_20_Vol/page/n300/mode/2up|page=167}}
|Summon the people to God; those who respond to your call, accept it from them, but those who refuse must pay the poll tax out of humiliation and lowliness. If they refuse this, it is the sword without leniency. Fear God with regard to what you have been entrusted.}}


{{Quote|{{Tabari|9|p. 76}}|The Messenger has sent Zur'ah and his Companions to you. ‘I commend them to your care. Collect the zakat and jizyah from your districts and hand the money over to my messengers.' The Prophet is the master of your rich and your poor.}}  
{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. IX|ISBN=0-88706-691-7|year=1990|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor=Ismail K. Poonawala|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n2267/mode/2up|page=76}}
 
|The Messenger has sent Zur'ah and his Companions to you. ‘I commend them to your care. Collect the zakat and jizyah from your districts and hand the money over to my messengers.' The Prophet is the master of your rich and your poor.}}{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. IX|ISBN=0-88706-691-7|year=1990|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor=Ismail K. Poonawala|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n2267/mode/2up|page=39}}
{{Quote|{{Tabari|7|p. 26}}|In this year Muhammad ordered people to pay the zakat tax. It is said that the Prophet commanded them to do this.}}
{{citation|title=تاريخ الرسل والملوك|author=أبو جعفر الطبري|url=https://app.turath.io/book/9783|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol. 3|page=95}}
 
|They allowed 'Amr b. al-'As to collect the alms (without interference), and so he collected it [only] from the rich and returned [what he took] to the poor. He collected the poll tax (jizyah) from the Zoroastrians (al-Majus) who were indigenous to that region, while the Arabs lived in thesurrounding countryside.
{{Quote|{{Tabari|9|p. 38}}|In this year, the Messenger sent Amr to collect the zakat tax from Jayfar and Amr, the clans of Julanda and Azd.... He collected the jizyah from the Zoroastrians.}}
}}


The dhimmis posture during the collection of the jizyah:
The dhimmis posture during the collection of the jizyah:
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