Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Health and Hygiene: Difference between revisions

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{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}}
{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}}
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The Islamic texts at the core of the tradition evince a sense of ritual cleanliness that is divorced from the modern theory of germ-based illness. Certain actions, such as answering the call of nature or interacting with dogs, are ritually unclean and require ritual cleansing (which should be with water (without the necessity of soap) but can also be with dirt if water is unavailable); meanwhile, other actions which from a modern perspective would be dirty, such as interacting with the saliva of the prophet, are seen as clean owing to their ritual purity.  
The Islamic texts at the core of the tradition evince a sense of ritual cleanliness. Much of it is healthy practise even today, and especially by the standards of the time. Others traditions provide guidance which is divorced from the modern theory of germ-based illness, even in some cases potentially dangerous (particuarly narrations concerning the well of Buda'ad). Certain actions, such as answering the call of nature or interacting with dogs, are ritually unclean and require ritual cleansing, which should be with water (without the necessity of soap) but can also be with dirt if water is unavailable; meanwhile, other actions which from a modern perspective would be dirty, such as interacting with the saliva of the prophet, are seen as clean owing to their ritual purity. Others are harmless but of no obvious benefit such as dipping a house fly in a drink if it lands in it.
 
Ablutions (wudu) five times each day with water is instructed before prayers. Washing the relevant body parts with water is also instructed in other circumstances such as following a call of nature or urination. If not available, pebbles, sand or earth may be used. A full body wash (ghusl, ritual bath) is to be performed after sexual intercourse, orgasm or completion of a menstral cycle, as well as less common events such as touching a dead body. It is also recommended before certain ritual events such as Friday prayers, Eid, or entering the state of Ihram before pilgrimage.
 
==Ablution==
{{Quote|{{Quran|5|6}}|O ye who believe! When ye rise up for prayer, wash you faces, and your hands up to the elbows, and lightly rub your heads and (wash) your feet up to the ankles. And if ye are unclean, purify yourselves. And if ye are sick or on a journey, or one of you cometh from the closet, or ye have had contact with women, and ye find not water, then go to clean, high ground and rub your faces and your hands with some of it. Allah would not place a burden on you, but He would purify you and would perfect His grace upon you, that ye may give thanks.}}


== Ablution==
{{quote|{{Quran|4|43}}|O ye who believe! Approach not prayers with a mind befogged, until ye can understand all that ye say,- nor in a state of ceremonial impurity (Except when travelling on the road), until after washing your whole body. If ye are ill, or on a journey, or one of you cometh from offices of nature, or ye have been in contact with women, '''and ye find no water, then take for yourselves clean sand or earth, and rub therewith your faces and hands.''' For Allah doth blot out sins and forgive again and again. }}
{{quote|{{Quran|4|43}}|O ye who believe! Approach not prayers with a mind befogged, until ye can understand all that ye say,- nor in a state of ceremonial impurity (Except when travelling on the road), until after washing your whole body. If ye are ill, or on a journey, or one of you cometh from offices of nature, or ye have been in contact with women, '''and ye find no water, then take for yourselves clean sand or earth, and rub therewith your faces and hands.''' For Allah doth blot out sins and forgive again and again. }}
{{quote|{{bukhari|6|60|107}}| Narrated 'Aisha<BR>
{{quote|{{bukhari|6|60|107}}| Narrated 'Aisha<BR>
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The necklace of Asma' was lost, so the Prophet sent some men to look for it. The time for the prayer became due and they had not performed ablution and could not find water, so they offered the prayer without ablution. Then Allah revealed (the Verse of Tayammum). }}
The necklace of Asma' was lost, so the Prophet sent some men to look for it. The time for the prayer became due and they had not performed ablution and could not find water, so they offered the prayer without ablution. Then Allah revealed (the Verse of Tayammum). }}


==Bodily Odor==
{{Quote|{{Muslim|2|438}}|Humran, the freed slave of 'Uthman, said: Uthman b. 'Affan called for ablution water and this is how he performed the ablution. He washed his hands thrice. He then rinsed his mouth and cleaned his nose with water (three times). He then washed his face three times, then washed his right arm up to the elbow three times, then washed his left arm like that, then wiped his head; then washed his right foot up to the ankle three times, then washed his left foot like that, and then said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) perform ablution like this ablution of mine. Then the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: He who performs ablution like this ablution of mine and then stood up (for prayer) and offered two rak'ahs of prayer without allowing his thoughts to be distracted, all his previous sins are expiated. Ibn Shihab said: Our scholars remarked: This is the most complete of the ablutions performed for prayer. }}
 
==Cleanliness is half of faith==


{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|32|4022}}|Narrated AbuMusa al-Ash'ari: Abu Burdah said: My father said to me: My son, '''if you had seen us while we were with the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) and the rain had fallen on us, you would have thought that our smell was the smell of the sheep.'''}}
{{Quote|{{Muslim|2|432}|Abu Malik at-Ash'ari reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said : Cleanliness is half of faith and al-Hamdu Liliah (Praise be to Allah) fills the scale, and Subhan Allah (Glory be to Allah) and al-Hamdu Liliah (Praise be to Allah) fill upwhat is between the heavens and the earth, and prayer is a light, and charity is proof (of one's faith) and endurance is a brightness and the Holy Qur'an is a proof on your behalf or against you. All men go out early in the morning and sell themselves, thereby setting themselves free or destroying themselves. }}


==Call of Nature==
==Call of Nature==
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However, drinking camel urine for medicinal purposes is fine.
However, drinking camel urine for medicinal purposes is fine.
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|7|71|590}}|The climate of Medina did not suit some people, so the Prophet ordered them to follow his shepherd, i.e. his camels, and drink their milk and urine (as a medicine). So they followed the shepherd that is the camels and drank their milk and urine till their bodies became healthy.}}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|7|71|590}}|The climate of Medina did not suit some people, so the Prophet ordered them to follow his shepherd, i.e. his camels, and drink their milk and urine (as a medicine). So they followed the shepherd that is the camels and drank their milk and urine till their bodies became healthy.}}
==Toothbrushing==
{{Quote|{{Muslim|2|489}}|'A'isha reported: Whenever Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) entered his house, he used tooth-stick first of all. }}


==Clothes==
==Clothes==
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Allah's Apostle was asked regarding ghee (cooking butter) in which a mouse had fallen. He said, "Take out the mouse and throw away the ghee around it and use the rest."}}  
Allah's Apostle was asked regarding ghee (cooking butter) in which a mouse had fallen. He said, "Take out the mouse and throw away the ghee around it and use the rest."}}  


{{Quote|{{Muslim|2|546}}|Abu Huraira reported the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) to have said: '''When a dog licks a utensil belonging to any one of you, (the thing contained in it) should be thrown away and then (the utensil) should be washed seven times.'''|See Also {{Muslim|2|547}}, {{Muslim|2|548}}, {{Muslim|2|549}}, {{Muslim|2|550}}, {{Muslim|2|551}}, {{Muwatta|2|6|36|}}}}
{{Quote|{{Muslim|2|546}}|Abu Huraira reported the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) to have said: When a dog licks a utensil belonging to any one of you, (the thing contained in it) should be thrown away and then (the utensil) should be washed seven times.|See Also {{Muslim|2|547}}, {{Muslim|2|548}}, {{Muslim|2|549}}, {{Muslim|2|550}}, {{Muslim|2|551}}, {{Muwatta|2|6|36|}}}}


{{Quote|1=[http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/78438 Islam Q&A - Fatwa #78438]|2=
{{Quote|1=[http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/78438 Islam Q&A - Fatwa #78438]|2=
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When the Trench was dug, I saw the Prophet in the state of severe hunger. So I returned to my wife and said, "Have you got anything (to eat), for I have seen Allah's Apostle in a state of severe hunger." She brought out for me, a bag containing one Sa of barley, and we had a domestic she animal (i.e. a kid) which I slaughtered then, and my wife ground the barley and she finished at the time I finished my job (i.e. slaughtering the kid). Then I cut the meat into pieces and put it in an earthenware (cooking) pot, and returned to Allah's Apostle . My wife said, "Do not disgrace me in front of Allah's Apostle and those who are with him." So I went to him and said to him secretly, "O Allah's Apostle! I have slaughtered a she-animal (i.e. kid) of ours, and we have ground a Sa of barley which was with us. So please come, you and another person along with you." The Prophet raised his voice and said, "O people of Trench ! Jabir has prepared a meal so let us go." Allah's Apostle said to me, "Don't put down your earthenware meat pot (from the fireplace) or bake your dough till I come." So I came (to my house) and Allah's Apostle too, came, proceeding before the people. When I came to my wife, she said, "May Allah do so-and-so to you." I said, "I have told the Prophet of what you said." '''Then she brought out to him (i.e. the Prophet the dough, and he spat in it and invoked for Allah's Blessings in it. Then he proceeded towards our earthenware meat-pot and spat in it and invoked for Allah's Blessings in it.''' Then he said (to my wife). Call a lady-baker to bake along with you and keep on taking out scoops from your earthenware meat-pot, and do not put it down from its fireplace." They were one-thousand (who took their meals), and by Allah they all ate, and when they left the food and went away, our earthenware pot was still bubbling (full of meat) as if it had not decreased, and our dough was still being baked as if nothing had been taken from it.}}
When the Trench was dug, I saw the Prophet in the state of severe hunger. So I returned to my wife and said, "Have you got anything (to eat), for I have seen Allah's Apostle in a state of severe hunger." She brought out for me, a bag containing one Sa of barley, and we had a domestic she animal (i.e. a kid) which I slaughtered then, and my wife ground the barley and she finished at the time I finished my job (i.e. slaughtering the kid). Then I cut the meat into pieces and put it in an earthenware (cooking) pot, and returned to Allah's Apostle . My wife said, "Do not disgrace me in front of Allah's Apostle and those who are with him." So I went to him and said to him secretly, "O Allah's Apostle! I have slaughtered a she-animal (i.e. kid) of ours, and we have ground a Sa of barley which was with us. So please come, you and another person along with you." The Prophet raised his voice and said, "O people of Trench ! Jabir has prepared a meal so let us go." Allah's Apostle said to me, "Don't put down your earthenware meat pot (from the fireplace) or bake your dough till I come." So I came (to my house) and Allah's Apostle too, came, proceeding before the people. When I came to my wife, she said, "May Allah do so-and-so to you." I said, "I have told the Prophet of what you said." '''Then she brought out to him (i.e. the Prophet the dough, and he spat in it and invoked for Allah's Blessings in it. Then he proceeded towards our earthenware meat-pot and spat in it and invoked for Allah's Blessings in it.''' Then he said (to my wife). Call a lady-baker to bake along with you and keep on taking out scoops from your earthenware meat-pot, and do not put it down from its fireplace." They were one-thousand (who took their meals), and by Allah they all ate, and when they left the food and went away, our earthenware pot was still bubbling (full of meat) as if it had not decreased, and our dough was still being baked as if nothing had been taken from it.}}


==Lice ==
==Lice==
{{quote|{{Abudawud|19|3074}}|Narrated Zaynab: '''She was picking lice from the head of the Apostle of Allah''' (peace be upon him) while the wife of Uthman ibn Affan and the immigrant women were with him. They complained about their houses that they had been narrowed down to them and they were evicted from them. The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) ordered that the houses of the Immigrants should be given to their wives. Thereafter Abdullah ibn Mas'ud died, and his wife inherited his house in Medina.}}
{{quote|{{Abudawud|19|3074}}|Narrated Zaynab: '''She was picking lice from the head of the Apostle of Allah''' (peace be upon him) while the wife of Uthman ibn Affan and the immigrant women were with him. They complained about their houses that they had been narrowed down to them and they were evicted from them. The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) ordered that the houses of the Immigrants should be given to their wives. Thereafter Abdullah ibn Mas'ud died, and his wife inherited his house in Medina.}}


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One of the wives of the Prophet (peace be upon him) took a bath from a large bowl. The Prophet (peace be upon him) wanted to perform ablution or take from the water left over. She said to him: O Prophet of Allah, verily I was sexually defiled. The Prophet said: Water not defiled.}}
One of the wives of the Prophet (peace be upon him) took a bath from a large bowl. The Prophet (peace be upon him) wanted to perform ablution or take from the water left over. She said to him: O Prophet of Allah, verily I was sexually defiled. The Prophet said: Water not defiled.}}


{{Quote|1=[http://www.searchtruth.com/book_display.php?book=59&translator=1&start=0&number=471#471 Sahih Bukhari 59:472]|2=Narrated Al-Bara bin Azib: That they were in the company of Allah's Apostle on the day of Al-Hudaibiya and their number was 1400 or more. They camped at a well and drew its water till it was dried. When they informed Allah's Apostle of that, he came and sat over its edge and said, '''"Bring me a bucket of its water." When it was brought, he spat and invoked (Allah) and said, "Leave it for a while." Then they quenched their thirst''' and watered their riding animals (from that well) till they departed.}}
{{Quote|{{Abudawud|1|69}}|Narrated Abu Hurairah :
 
The Prophet ( sal Allaahu alayhi wa sallam ) said : None amongst you should urinate in stagnant water, and then wash in it.}}
 
{{Quote|1={{Bukhari|5|59|472}}|2=Narrated Al-Bara bin Azib: That they were in the company of Allah's Apostle on the day of Al-Hudaibiya and their number was 1400 or more. They camped at a well and drew its water till it was dried. When they informed Allah's Apostle of that, he came and sat over its edge and said, '''"Bring me a bucket of its water." When it was brought, he spat and invoked (Allah) and said, "Leave it for a while." Then they quenched their thirst''' and watered their riding animals (from that well) till they departed.}}


{{Quote| {{Bukhari|1|8|373}}|Narrated Abu Juhaifa:  
{{Quote| {{Bukhari|1|8|373}}|Narrated Abu Juhaifa:  
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Water mixed with dead dogs and menstrual clothes is still considered clean.
Water mixed with dead dogs and menstrual clothes is still considered clean.
{{Quote|{{Muslim|1|66}}|Narrated AbuSa'id al-Khudri: The people asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): Can we perform ablution out of the well of Buda'ah, which is a well into which menstrual clothes, dead dogs and stinking things were thrown? He replied: Water is pure and is not defiled by anything.|See Also {{Muslim|1|67}}}}
{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|1|66}}|Narrated AbuSa'id al-Khudri:
 
The people asked the Messenger of Allah (): Can we perform ablution out of the well of Buda'ah, which is a well into which menstrual clothes, dead dogs and stinking things were thrown? He replied: Water is pure and is not defiled by anything.| }}


However, eating or drinking water while standing is forbidden.
However, eating or drinking water while standing is forbidden.
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{{Hub4|Health|Health}}
{{Hub4|Health|Health}}
{{Hub4|Hygiene|Hygiene}}
{{Hub4|Hygiene|Hygiene}}


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[[Category:Health]]
[[Category:Health]]
[[Category:Hygiene]]
[[Category:Hygiene]]
[[ar:القرآن_والحديث_والعلماء:_الصحة_والنظافة]]
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