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IMPORTANT NOTE FOR TRANSLATIONS: | |||
Do not translate this Core article without translating the linked articles first. Please also read the "WikiIslam:Translations" page for suggestions on which articles to translate and which to avoid. If you still have questions, post them on the "WikiIslam:Forum/Translation Project" page. Thank you. | |||
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As a way of life, there is a lot more to the adherence of [[Islam]] than the Qur'an, and, initially, the Qur'an itself can be hard to comprehend. This page contains easy-to-read summaries of articles discussing Islam and the understanding of its various scriptures and texts. | As a way of life, there is a lot more to the adherence of [[Islam]] than the Qur'an, and, initially, the Qur'an itself can be hard to comprehend. This page contains easy-to-read summaries of articles discussing Islam and the understanding of its various scriptures and texts. | ||
{{Core}} | {{Core}} | ||
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{{Template:Random quran quotes}} | {{Template:Random quran quotes}} | ||
==Qur'an== | ==Qur'an== | ||
:''Main Article:'' ''[[Qur'an (definition)|Qur'an]], See also: [[The Holy Qur'an (Abdullah Yusuf Ali)]]'' | :''Main Article:'' ''[[Qur'an (definition)|Qur'an]], See also: [[The Holy Quran - Abdullah Yusuf Ali|The Holy Qur'an (Abdullah Yusuf Ali)]]'' | ||
The ''Qur'ān'' (القرآن) is the central religious text of Islam. Muslims believe the Qur'an to be the book of divine guidance and direction for mankind. They also consider the text in its original Arabic, to be the literal word of Allah<ref>[ | The ''Qur'ān'' (القرآن) is the central religious text of Islam. Muslims believe the Qur'an to be the book of divine guidance and direction for mankind. They also consider the text in its original Arabic, to be the literal word of Allah<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|2|23}} Qur'ān, Chapter 2, Verses 23-24]</ref> revealed by the angel Jibreel (Gabriel) to Prophet Muhammad over a period of twenty-three years<ref>''Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths,'' Mary Pat Fisher, 1997, page 338, I.B. Tauris Publishers, </ref><ref>[{{Quran-url-only|17|106}} Qur'an, Chapter 17, Verse 106]</ref>, and view the Qur'an as God's final revelation.<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|33|40}} Qur'an, Chapter 33, Verse 40]</ref><ref>Watton, Victor, (1993), ''A student's approach to world religions:Islam'', Hodder & Stoughton, pg 1. ISBN 0-340-58795-4</ref> | ||
===Origins=== | ===Origins=== | ||
:''Main Article:'' ''[[The Origins of the Qur'an]], See also: [[Pagan Origins of Islam]]'' | :''Main Article:'' ''[[The Origins of the Quran|The Origins of the Qur'an]], See also: [[Pagan Origins of Islam]]'' | ||
Taken from Ibn Warraq's book ''The Origins of the Koran, Classic Essays on Islam’s Holy Book'', this article discusses the following points: | Taken from Ibn Warraq's book ''The Origins of the Koran, Classic Essays on Islam’s Holy Book'', this article discusses the following points: | ||
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===Organization=== | ===Organization=== | ||
{{Main|Organization of the Qur'an}} | {{Main|Organization of the Quran|l1=Organization of the Qur'an}} | ||
Except for the first surah, Al-Fatiha, the Qur'an is organized by descending length of the sura. That is the longest sura is Sura 2 and the shortest is Sura 114. This organization prevents recovery of any chronology by a simple examination of the text. Muslims believe that the Qur'an was revealed in two phases: before and after the Hijrah from Mecca to Medina. Thus, the terms Meccan Surahs and Medinan Surahs arose. | Except for the first surah, Al-Fatiha, the Qur'an is organized by descending length of the sura. That is the longest sura is Sura 2 and the shortest is Sura 114. This organization prevents recovery of any chronology by a simple examination of the text. Muslims believe that the Qur'an was revealed in two phases: before and after the Hijrah from Mecca to Medina. Thus, the terms Meccan Surahs and Medinan Surahs arose. | ||
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===Revelational Circumstances=== | ===Revelational Circumstances=== | ||
{{Main|Revelational Circumstances of the Qur'an}} | {{Main|Revelational Circumstances of the Quran|l1=Revelational Circumstances of the Qur'an}} | ||
When discussing the present-day commands of the Qur'an, you will often be told that many of the less agreeable verses apply only to its original revalational circumstance. Although the logic behind this is [[Uswa Hasana|fatally flawed]] (unless you accept that the Qur'an and Islam are both out-dated and no longer relevant to the modern world), it does make for some interesting reading. This in-depth article lists many revelational circumstances behind the Qur'anic verses, as recorded in the major Hadith collections. | When discussing the present-day commands of the Qur'an, you will often be told that many of the less agreeable verses apply only to its original revalational circumstance. Although the logic behind this is [[Uswa Hasana|fatally flawed]] (unless you accept that the Qur'an and Islam are both out-dated and no longer relevant to the modern world), it does make for some interesting reading. This in-depth article lists many revelational circumstances behind the Qur'anic verses, as recorded in the major Hadith collections. | ||
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{{Main|The Ultimate Message of the Qur'an}} | {{Main|The Ultimate Message of the Qur'an}} | ||
Chapter 9 of the Qur'an- ''Al Taubah'' (Repentance) is considered to be the closing remarks of | Chapter 9 of the Qur'an- ''Al Taubah'' (Repentance) is considered to be the closing remarks of Allah. The only Surah (chapter) said to have been revealed after this is ''Al Nasr'' (Victory), which consists of only a few verses. Considering the apparent militant disposition of Islam; it should not come as a big surprise to learn that this final chapter is not at all about making peace among the people, but about dividing it into the domain of believers (Dar al-Islam) and unbelievers (dar al-kufr) with the aim of preserving endless enmity between the two. Provided it is read in context, this chapter is essential for non-Muslims who would like to know what Allah commands of Muslims in their affairs. | ||
==Qur'an (Criticism)== | ==Qur'an (Criticism)== | ||
===Corruption=== | ===Corruption=== | ||
{{Main|Corruption of the Quran|l1=Corruption of the Qur'an|Preservation of the Qur'an|l2=Preservation of the Qur'an}} | |||
Muslims say the Qur'an has been perfectly preserved, but is this claim true? The textual integrity of scripture is an important topic in Muslim circles and will be brought up by both Islamic scholars and non-scholars alike. Muslims claim the text of the Qur'an today is identical to that received by Muhammad. However, there are many problems with this argument making it an untenable position. | Muslims say the Qur'an has been perfectly preserved, but is this claim true? The textual integrity of scripture is an important topic in Muslim circles and will be brought up by both Islamic scholars and non-scholars alike. Muslims claim the text of the Qur'an today is identical to that received by Muhammad. However, there are many problems with this argument making it an untenable position. | ||
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===Contradictions=== | ===Contradictions=== | ||
:''Main Article:'' ''[[Contradictions in the | :''Main Article:'' ''[[Contradictions in the Quran]]'' | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|4|82}}|"Why don't they contemplate upon the Qur'an? Had it been originated from anyone besides God, then it would have been abundant with inconsistencies and contradictions"}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|4|82}}|"Why don't they contemplate upon the Qur'an? Had it been originated from anyone besides God, then it would have been abundant with inconsistencies and contradictions"}} | ||
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These pages discuss a few of the more popular ones, and provides you with their correct meanings. | These pages discuss a few of the more popular ones, and provides you with their correct meanings. | ||
{{col- | {{col-float|width=25em}} | ||
*[[If Anyone Slew a Person|If Anyone Slew a Person (Qur'an 5:32)]] | |||
*[[Corruption of Previous Scriptures (Qur'an 2:79)]] | *[[Corruption of Previous Scriptures (Qur'an 2:79)]] | ||
*[[Dealing Justly with Wives and Orphans (Qur'an 4:3)]] | *[[Dealing Justly with Wives and Orphans (Qur'an 4:3)|Dealing Justly with Wives & Orphans (Qur'an 4:3)]] | ||
*[[Christians Jews and Muslims in Heaven|People of the Book in Heaven (Qur'an 2:62)]] | |||
{{col-float-break|width=25em}} | |||
*[[To You Your Religion and To Me Mine|To You Your Religion (Qur'an 109:1-6)]] | |||
*[[Allah Forbids You Not (Qur'an 60:8)]] | |||
*[[Unjust Treatment of Wives (Qur'an 4:129)]] | *[[Unjust Treatment of Wives (Qur'an 4:129)]] | ||
{{col- | {{col-float-end}} | ||
===Mistranslated Verses=== | ===Mistranslated Verses=== | ||
{{Main|Mistranslated Qur'anic Verses}} | {{Main|Mistranslated Qur'anic Verses}} | ||
In Al-Hijr (15:9) Allah declared that the Qur'an is his revelation and he promised to preserve it and protect it from corruption. In An-Nahl (16:103), Al-Dokhan (44:58) and Al-Qamar (54:22, 32, 40), it is emphasized that the Qur'an was revealed in straight forward, easy to understand, and pure Arabic. It would seem, this promise of preservation does not extend to | In Al-Hijr (15:9) Allah declared that the Qur'an is his revelation and he promised to preserve it and protect it from corruption. In An-Nahl (16:103), Al-Dokhan (44:58) and Al-Qamar (54:22, 32, 40), it is emphasized that the Qur'an was revealed in straight forward, easy to understand, and pure Arabic. It would seem, this promise of preservation does not extend to translations, as most prominent and officially recognized interpreters like Yusuf Ali, Dr. Rashad Khalifa and Muhammad Asad have not honored the integrity of translation and were involved in deception in interpreting the Qur'an. The reasons were not due to the difficulty of the verses themselves or the so-called "complexity" of the Arabic language, but due to the embarrassment to tell the truth to non-Arabic readers, especially those who already believe in the validity of Islam. | ||
These pages discuss a few of the more popular ones in detail, and provides you with the correct translations. | These pages discuss a few of the more popular ones in detail, and provides you with the correct translations. | ||
{{col- | {{col-float|width=25em}} | ||
*[[Beat your Wives or Separate from Them - Quran 4-34|Beat your Wives or "Separate from Them"? (Qur'an 4:34)]] | |||
*[[Beat your Wives or "Separate from Them"? (Qur'an 4:34)]] | *[[Mistranslations of Quran 67-5|Mistranslations of Qur'an 67:5]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Quran and Semen Production|Qur'an and Semen Production (Qur'an 86:7)]] | ||
*[[Qur'an and Semen Production (Qur'an 86:7)]] | {{col-float-break|width=25em}} | ||
{{col-break}} | |||
*[[The Meaning of Qatal|When Fight Means Murder (Qur'an various)]] | *[[The Meaning of Qatal|When Fight Means Murder (Qur'an various)]] | ||
*[[Allah the Best Deceiver|Allah the Best Deceiver (Qur'an various)]] | *[[Allah the Best Deceiver|Allah the Best Deceiver (Qur'an various)]] | ||
*[[Allah and Marys Vagina|Allah and Mary's Vagina (Qur'an 21:91 & 66:12)]] | |||
{{col-end}} | {{col-float-end}} | ||
===Scientific Errors=== | ===Scientific Errors=== | ||
{{Main|Scientific Errors in the | {{Main|Scientific Errors in the Quran}} | ||
This page lists various types of scientific errors found in the Qur'an. The subjects of these errors include; Evolution, Astronomy, Biology, Geology, Zoology and many others which are often confirmed by the hadith. | This page lists various types of scientific errors found in the Qur'an. The subjects of these errors include; Evolution, Astronomy, Biology, Geology, Zoology and many others which are often confirmed by the hadith. | ||
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===Statistical Analysis=== | ===Statistical Analysis=== | ||
{{Main|Muslim Statistics (Scripture)}} | {{Main|Muslim Statistics - Scripture|l1=Muslim Statistics (Scripture)}} | ||
This page quotes statistical analyses of Muslim scriptures from various sources. A few examples of the statistics include: | This page quotes statistical analyses of Muslim scriptures from various sources. A few examples of the statistics include: | ||
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#Practicing Muslims recite anti-Semitic and anti-Christian rhetoric at least 17 times a day, and over 5,000 times a year. | #Practicing Muslims recite anti-Semitic and anti-Christian rhetoric at least 17 times a day, and over 5,000 times a year. | ||
#122 peaceful Qur'anic verses have been abrogated by the Sword verse (9:5) and Fighting verse (9:29). | #122 peaceful Qur'anic verses have been abrogated by the Sword verse (9:5) and Fighting verse (9:29). | ||
===Muhammad in Other Scriptures=== | |||
{{Main|Muhammad in Other Scriptures}} | |||
The figure of Muhammad and the religion he founded is often depicted negatively in other religious scriptures. | |||
In the Bhavishya Purana, one of the eighteen major Hindu Puranas, Muhammad is depicted as a reincarnated demon, Islam as a demonic religion, and its followers as "the corrupters of religion". | |||
In the Haran Gawaitha, a Mandaean text which tells the history of the Mandaeans and their arrival in Iraq as Nasoreans from Jerusalem, Muhammad is referred to as "the Son-of-Slaughter, the Arab", "the most degraded of false prophets", "the Seal of prophets of the Lie", who "converted people to himself by the sword". | |||
And in the Kālachakra Tantra, a ninth century Tibetan Buddhist text, Muhammad is referred to as a demonic incarnation and a "false impostor". Muslims are described as invading "barbarians", bringing with them the barbarian religion ("mleccha-dharma"), a religion of violence ("himsa-dharma") that also advocates savage behavior ("raudra-karman"). | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
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* [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars]] - ''This section of WikiIslam lists quotations from the Qur'an, Hadith and Islamic Scholars'' | * [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars]] - ''This section of WikiIslam lists quotations from the Qur'an, Hadith and Islamic Scholars'' | ||
* [[Compendium of Muslim Texts]] | * [[Compendium of Muslim Texts]] | ||
* [[The History of al-Tabari]] | * [[The History of al-Tabari]] | ||
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* [[Islam and Science]] | * [[Islam and Science]] | ||
* [[Islam and the People of the Book]] | * [[Islam and the People of the Book]] | ||
* [[Islam and Violence]] | |||
* [[Islam and Women]] | * [[Islam and Women]] | ||
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{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
[[Category:Core | [[Category:Core Articles]] | ||
__NOEDITSECTION__ | __NOEDITSECTION__ | ||