Glossary of Islamic Terms: Difference between revisions

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Glossary of Islamic Terms (view source)

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|'''[[Abdullah]]'''
|'''[[Abdullah]]'''
|عبدالله
|عبدالله
|Full name: Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib (عبدالله بن عبد المطلب‎‎). Father of Islam's prophet, Muhammad.
|Full name: Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib (عبدالله بن عبد المطلب‎‎). Father of Islam's prophet, Muhammad. The name literally means "Slave of Allah".
|-
|-
|'''Abu Bakr'''
|'''Abu Bakr'''
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|Literal meaning: "People of the House". This term occurs twice in the Quran {{Quran|11|73}} {{Quran|33|33}}. In Quran. 11:73 it refers to the “house” or family of the prophet Abraham, while in Quran 33:33 it has a more general sense. In its pre-Islamic usage, the term was applied to the ruling family of a clan or tribe, and thus it implies a certain nobility and right to rule.
|Literal meaning: "People of the House". This term occurs twice in the Quran {{Quran|11|73}} {{Quran|33|33}}. In Quran. 11:73 it refers to the “house” or family of the prophet Abraham, while in Quran 33:33 it has a more general sense. In its pre-Islamic usage, the term was applied to the ruling family of a clan or tribe, and thus it implies a certain nobility and right to rule.
|-
|-
|'''[[Islam and the People of the Book|Ahl al-Kitab]]'''
|'''[[People of the Book|Ahl al-Kitab]]'''
|أهل الكتاب
|أهل الكتاب
|Literal meaning: People of the book, a term originated in the Qur'an to represent Jews and Christians who received earlier revelations from God.
|Literal meaning: People of the book, a term originated in the Qur'an to represent Jews and Christians who received earlier revelations from God.
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|The daughter of Abu Bakr. She was Muhammad's third and favorite wife whom he married after the death of Khadıjah, his first wife. Aisha was only six years old at the time of her marriage to Muhammad.
|The daughter of Abu Bakr. She was Muhammad's third and favorite wife whom he married after the death of Khadıjah, his first wife. Aisha was only six years old at the time of her marriage to Muhammad.
|-
|-
|'''[[Islamic Witch Hunts|Al-‘ayn]]'''
|'''[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Witchcraft and the Occult|Al-‘ayn]]'''
|العين
|العين
|Arabic word meaning "the (evil) eye". Witchcraft and the effects of the "evil eye" are mainstream Islamic beliefs, supported by sahih hadith.
|Arabic word meaning "the (evil) eye". Witchcraft and the effects of the "evil eye" are mainstream Islamic beliefs, supported by sahih hadith.
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|Meaning "loyalty and disavowal". An Islamic concept that requires one to love what Allah loves, and hate what Allah hates.
|Meaning "loyalty and disavowal". An Islamic concept that requires one to love what Allah loves, and hate what Allah hates.
|-
|-
|'''[[Islamic Antisemitism|Antisemitism]]'''
|'''[[Antisemitism in Islam|Antisemitism]]'''
|معاداة السامية
|معاداة السامية
|Hatred of Jews.  The Quran is extremely antisemitic.  See Craig Winn's [http://www.prophetofdoom.net/Mein_Kampf.Islam comparison of Muhammad and Hitler].
|Hatred of Jews.
|-
|-
|'''[[Arabic]]'''  
|'''[[Arabic]]'''  
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|Late afternoon prayer.
|Late afternoon prayer.
|-
|-
|'''Assalamu alaikum'''
|'''As-salamu 'alaykum'''
|السّلامُ عليكُمْ
|السّلامُ عليكُمْ
|Greetings by a Muslim to another Muslim. It means, “Peace be upon you”.
|Greetings by a Muslim to another Muslim. It means, “Peace be upon you”. The Arabic word for peace is "salam". If ''islam'' meant "peace", it would be "al-''islamu'' alaykum", but the word "islam" means "submission".
|-
|-
|'''Astaghfirullah'''
|'''Astaghfirullah'''
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|“I ask God's forgiveness”  
|“I ask God's forgiveness”  
|-
|-
|'''[[Friendship of Non-Muslims|Awliya]]'''
|'''[[Friendship of non-Muslims|Awliya]]'''
|أَوْلِيَآءَ
|أَوْلِيَآءَ
|Meaning 'protector', or 'friend'. The Qur'an forbids Muslims from taking Christians, Jews and other disbelievers as freinds.
|Meaning 'protector', or 'friend'. The Qur'an forbids Muslims from taking Christians, Jews and other disbelievers as freinds.
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|التبشير المسيحي
|التبشير المسيحي
|In regards to criticism of Islam, it is a derogatory term, often used in debates as an ad-hominem to encourage Muslim listeners/readers to dismiss any valid points that may have been raised. It is often applied to critics regardless of their religious affiliation or occupation.
|In regards to criticism of Islam, it is a derogatory term, often used in debates as an ad-hominem to encourage Muslim listeners/readers to dismiss any valid points that may have been raised. It is often applied to critics regardless of their religious affiliation or occupation.
|-
|'''[[Crescent Moon|Crescent Moon]]'''
|هلال‎‎
|Hubal was the pagan moon god worshiped at the Ka’aba. The crescent moon was Hubal’s symbol. As with the Cross for Christianity and the Star of David for Judaism, the Crescent moon is today a universal symbol for Islam.
|}
|}


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|Daleel is an Arabic word meaning 'evidence'. In regards to Islamic hadith (narrations concerning the actions and orders of Muhammad), Daleel can either be Da`if (weak), Hasan (good), or Sahih (authentic).
|Daleel is an Arabic word meaning 'evidence'. In regards to Islamic hadith (narrations concerning the actions and orders of Muhammad), Daleel can either be Da`if (weak), Hasan (good), or Sahih (authentic).
|-
|-
|[[Dar al-Harb|'''Dar'al Harb''']] (or Dar'ul Harb arabic. House of War)
|[[Dar al-Harb and Dar al-Islam (the Abodes of War and Peace)|'''Dar'al Harb''']] (or Dar'ul Harb arabic. House of War)
|دار الحرب
|دار الحرب
|An Islamic term used for countries which are not under Islamic rule.
|An Islamic term used for countries which are not under Islamic rule.
|-
|-
|[[Dar al-Islam|'''Dar'al Islam''']] (or Dar'ul Islam -arab. House of Islam)
|[[Dar al-Harb and Dar al-Islam (the Abodes of War and Peace)|'''Dar'al Islam''']] (or Dar'ul Islam -arab. House of Islam)
|دار الإسلام‎‎
|دار الإسلام‎‎
|An Arabic term used to refer to lands that are under the rule of Muslim governments.
|An Arabic term used to refer to lands that are under the rule of Muslim governments.
|-
|-
|'''Dawa (Dawah or D'awa)'''
|'''[[Dawah]] (or D'awa)'''
|دعوة
|دعوة
|Preaching; the missionary call to Islam; request to join Islam, and also the last ultimatum before 'legitimate' conquest by force.
|Preaching; the missionary call to Islam; request to join Islam, and also the last ultimatum before 'legitimate' conquest by force.
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|Non-Muslim communities living under Islamic law (Shariah), who enjoy legal status but are subject to many restrictions and taxes. Also described as humans of second class, referring to the 'People of the Book', i.e. Jews and Christians.  
|Non-Muslim communities living under Islamic law (Shariah), who enjoy legal status but are subject to many restrictions and taxes. Also described as humans of second class, referring to the 'People of the Book', i.e. Jews and Christians.  
|-
|-
|'''[[Dhul-Qarnayn]]'''
|'''[[Category:Dhul-Qarnayn|Dhul-Qarnayn]]'''
|ذو القرنين
|ذو القرنين
|A figure appearing in {{Quran|18|83-98}}, identified by some as Alexander the Great who built a barrier against Gog and Magog.  
|A figure appearing in {{Quran|18|83-98}}, identified by some as Alexander the Great who built a barrier against Gog and Magog.  
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!Definition
!Definition
|-
|-
|'''Eid Al-Adha'''
|'''[[Eid al-Adha]]'''
|عيد الأضحى
|عيد الأضحى
|"Festival of Sacrifice", the second holiday that comes two and half months after ''Eid Al-Fitr''. Celebrations include the unprecedented large-scale slaughter of hundreds of thousands, possibly millions, of animals.
|"Festival of Sacrifice", the second holiday that comes two and half months after ''Eid Al-Fitr''. Celebrations include the unprecedented large-scale slaughter of hundreds of thousands, possibly millions, of animals.
|-
|-
|'''Eid Al-Fitr''''
|'''Eid al-Fitr''''
|عيد الفطر
|عيد الفطر
|The first Eid that comes after a month of fasting.
|The first Eid that comes after a month of fasting.
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|'''[[Fard]]'''
|'''[[Fard]]'''
|فرض
|فرض
|When something is fard, it is an obligatory duty that every Muslim is required to perform. For example; daily prayer (salah), hijab, pilgrimage to Mecca ([[hajj]]), and [[Jihad is Compulsory (Fard)|jihad]].
|When something is fard, it is an obligatory duty that every Muslim is required to perform. For example; daily prayer (salah), hijab, pilgrimage to Mecca ([[hajj]]), and [[Jihad as Obligation (Fard)|jihad]].
|-
|-
|'''[[Fatwa]]'''
|'''[[Fatwa]]'''
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|Name given to the Islamic rules defining what is right (halal) or wrong (haram). This covers the way Muslims have to pray, fast, run their public and private life, do business, clean themselves, use the toilet, copulate etc.
|Name given to the Islamic rules defining what is right (halal) or wrong (haram). This covers the way Muslims have to pray, fast, run their public and private life, do business, clean themselves, use the toilet, copulate etc.
|-
|-
|'''[[Misinterpreted_Quranic_Verses#Verse_8:39|Fitna]] (Fitnah, disbelief/disorder)'''
|'''[[Misinterpreted_Quranic_Verses#Verse_8:39|Fitna]] (Fitnah, tumilt, oppression)'''
|فتنة
|فتنة
|The word in the Qur’an, often translated into oppression and injustice. Fitna actually refers to disbelief and disorder.
|A word in the Qur’an, often translated into oppression and injustice. Some medieval scholars reinterpreted Fitna to include mere disbelief in order to better justify expansionary warfare (see [[Jihad in Islamic Law]]).
|-
|-
|'''[[Five Pillars of Islam]]'''
|'''[[Five Pillars of Islam]]'''
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|'''[[Hajj]]'''
|'''[[Hajj]]'''
|حج‎‎
|حج‎‎
|Annual (and often dangerous) pilgrimage to the [[Ka'aba]] in Mecca in order to participate in [[Pagan_Origins_of_Islam|pagan rituals]], some of them involving the [[Black Stone|black stone]].
|Annual pilgrimage to the [[Ka'aba]] in Mecca in order to participate in [[Pagan_Origins_of_Islam|pagan rituals]], some of them involving the [[Black Stone|black stone]].
|-
|-
|'''Halal'''
|'''Halal'''
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|'''Harbi'''
|'''Harbi'''
|حربي‎‎
|حربي‎‎
|A non-Muslim living in an area regarded as ''Dar Al-harb,'' the 'domain of war,' in which Islam does not dominate and must therefore be fought until Islam dominates it.
|A non-Muslim living in an area regarded as ''Dar Al-harb,'' the 'domain of war,' in which Islam does not dominate and according to medieval scholars must therefore be fought until Islam dominates it.
|-
|-
|'''[[Hijab]]'''  
|'''[[Hijab]]'''  
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|هجرة
|هجرة
|Due to growing animosity between the pagan and Muslim Meccans in 622 AD, Muhammad and his followers fled to Medina, marking the beginning of the Hijra (Migration) era of the Islamic lunar calender and Muhammad's metamorphosis from a preacher to a political and military leader.   
|Due to growing animosity between the pagan and Muslim Meccans in 622 AD, Muhammad and his followers fled to Medina, marking the beginning of the Hijra (Migration) era of the Islamic lunar calender and Muhammad's metamorphosis from a preacher to a political and military leader.   
|-
|'''[[Honor Related Violence|Honor Killings]]'''
|القتل الشرف
|The 'right' of a family to wash its spoiled 'honor' by the 'misconduct' of another family member. This misbehaving includes being raped, thus loosing her hymen to a stranger, among the most horrible thing possible in an Islamic mindset. Refusing to engage into an arranged marriage is also such a dishonor. Said not to be Islamic by western apologists only, but understood by Muslims as the correct application of many Qur'anic verses: Q.24.31 (-Chr.102-); 33.32-36 59 (-Chr.90-); 65.1-6 (-Chr.95-); 66.5 (-Chr107-) and 4.34 (-Chr.92-).
|-
|-
|'''[[Hubal]]'''
|'''[[Hubal]]'''
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|إبليس‎‎
|إبليس‎‎
|see '''Shaytan'''
|see '''Shaytan'''
|-
|'''[[Quadrinity and Idolatry in Islam|Idolatry]]'''
|شرك
|Although most will not admit it, Idolatry is rampant within Islam, as all Muslims idolize Muhammad. Undeniably, Islam is in fact [[Muhammadanism]]. In Semitic religions idolatry is related to the monopolization of God through some sacred books held to represent The 'One' Truth: God's Words or Laws.
|-
|-
|'''[[Ibrahim]]'''  
|'''[[Ibrahim]]'''  
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|إنجيل
|إنجيل
| Derived from the Greek ''evangelion''; a holy book given to Isa by Allah that Muslims claim is the "true" Gospel whereas the gospels of the New Testament are generally considered by them to be corrupted.
| Derived from the Greek ''evangelion''; a holy book given to Isa by Allah that Muslims claim is the "true" Gospel whereas the gospels of the New Testament are generally considered by them to be corrupted.
|-
|[[If Anyone Slew a Person|'''Innocent''']]
|برئ
|In Islam, only Muslims are viewed as innocent. Non-Muslims have not accepted Islam, therefore they are seen as guilty of a crime against Allah. (see [[If Anyone Slew a Person|If Anyone Slew a Person (Qur'an 5:32)]])
|-
|-
|'''[[In Sha Allah|In sha' allah]]'''  
|'''[[In Sha Allah|In sha' allah]]'''  
|إن شاء الله
|إن شاء الله
|"Allah willing".
|"Allah willing".
|-
|'''Irhab / Irhaab'''
|إرهاب
|Arabic word for "terrorism". Derived form the root رهب (r-h-b). From the same root the Qur'an uses an imperative verb: تُرْهِبُونَ (''tu<b>rh</b>i<b>b</b>oona'') in the verse 8:60, commanding Muslims to "terrorize the enemies of Allah".
|-
|-
|'''[[Jesus|Isa]]'''
|'''[[Jesus|Isa]]'''
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|'''[[The Meaning of Islam|Islam]]'''
|'''[[The Meaning of Islam|Islam]]'''
|الإسلام
|الإسلام
|Submission, the actual meaning behind the word ''Islam''. (Also, "Submission" is the name of Theo van Gogh's [[Theo_van_Gogh#Submission:_The_movie_that_cost_Theo_van_Gogh_his_life|movie]] for which he was assassinated.)
|Submission, the actual meaning behind the word ''Islam''. (Also, "Submission" is the name of Theo van Gogh's [[Theo_van_Gogh#Submission:_The_movie_that_cost_Theo_van_Gogh_his_life|movie]] for which he was assassinated.) Not to be confused with "salam" (peace).
|-
|-
|'''[[Islam]]''' (the religion)
|'''Islamophobia'''
|الإسلام
|Totalitarian ideology propounding Arabic imperialism, based on the alleged teachings of Muhammad, which determines the entire social, political and legal life of the Muslims and the non-Muslims dominated by them.
|-
|'''Islamofascism'''
|الفاشية الإسلامية
|Like Nazism was a National-Socialism, Islam is such a Religious-Socialism since its Khalifat is meant to be imposed worldwide, including its lifestyle, through forced conversion.
|-
|'''[[Islamophobia]]'''
|الخوف من الإسلام
|الخوف من الإسلام
|The neologism itself is a logical fallacy, and it is frequently used to inhibit very valid criticism of Islam.
|A neologism intended to describe bigotry towards Muslim (although Muslimophobia is perhaps a more appropriate term for that particular usage) or inaccurate depictions of Islam. The term is, unfortunately, frequently used to inhibit criticisms of Islam as an ideology/dogma (and not its human adherents).
|-
|-
|'''Iqamat-ud-Deen'''  
|'''Iqamat-ud-Deen'''  
|إقامة الدين
|إقامة الدين
|Establishment of the Islamic system of life; An Islamic Social Economic and Political Order
|Establishment of the Islamic system of life&ndash;an Islamic social, economic and political order.
|-
|-
|}
|}
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!Definition
!Definition
|-
|-
|'''[[Jahannam]]'''  
|'''[[Jahannam (Hell)|Jahannam]]'''  
|جهنم‎‎
|جهنم‎‎
|Jahannam (Hell) was specifically created and prepared with eternal fire by Allah, so that he could torture disbelievers, most of whom are women.
|Jahannam (Hell) was specifically created and prepared with eternal fire by Allah, so that he could torture disbelievers, most of whom are women.
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|'''[[Gabriel‎|Jibreel]] (Gabriel)'''  
|'''[[Gabriel‎|Jibreel]] (Gabriel)'''  
|جبريل
|جبريل
|According to Islamic scriptures, Jibreel is the angel who first appeared to Muhammad in the cave of Hijra and taught him the Qur'an. According to the Qur'an, he was also sent by Allah to [[Allah and Marys Vagina|blow into Mary's vagina]].
|According to Islamic scriptures, Jibreel is the angel who first appeared to Muhammad in the cave of Hijra and taught him the Qur'an. According to the Qur'an, he was also sent by Allah to [[Virgin Conception of Jesus in the Qur'an|blow into Mary's vagina]].
|-
|-
|'''[[Terrorism|Jihad]] (Djihad: struggle)'''
|'''[[Jihad|Jihad]] (Djihad: struggle)'''
|جهاد
|جهاد
|A religious struggle. Most often referring to the waging of wars of aggression and conquest against non-Muslims in order to bring them and their territories under Islamic rule. (see [[Lesser vs Greater Jihad]])
|A religious struggle. Most often referring to the waging of wars of defence or (at later times) aggression and conquest against non-Muslims in order to bring them and their territories under Islamic rule. (see [[Jihad in Islamic Law]])
|-
|-
|'''[[Genies|Jinn]] (Genies)'''
|'''[[Genies|Jinn]] (Genies)'''
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|-
|-
|-
|-
|'''[[Mahr]]''' (Dowry)
|'''[[Mahr (Marital Price)|Mahr]]''' (Dowry)
|مهر
|مهر
|The ''mahr'' is payment for the use of a woman's vagina in sexual intercourse. (see also [[#N|Nikah]])
|The ''mahr'' is payment for the use of a woman's vagina in sexual intercourse. (see also [[#N|Nikah]])
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|Deceiver. Someone who makes a person believe something that is not true; a liar. According to the Qur'an, Allah is the best of deceivers. Muhammad was also a [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Muhammad and Deception|deceiver]].
|Deceiver. Someone who makes a person believe something that is not true; a liar. According to the Qur'an, Allah is the best of deceivers. Muhammad was also a [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Muhammad and Deception|deceiver]].
|-
|-
|'''[[Mischief]]'''
|'''Mosque''' (masjid)
|فساد
|As defined by Islamic scripture and understood by Muslims, a ''Mischief maker'' can be someone who simply refuses to accept Islam. Thus, they are liable for physical punishment and even death.
|-
|'''Mosque'''
|مسجد‎‎  
|مسجد‎‎  
|A place of worship for followers of Islam. See [[#K|Ka'aba]].
|A place of worship for followers of Islam. See [[#K|Ka'aba]].
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|'''[[Nikah]]'''
|'''[[Nikah]]'''
|نكاح
|نكاح
|The Islamic equivalent of a marriage. Literally meaning "fuck" or "sexual intercourse". Jabiri-Arablu, a contemporary Islamic scholar, defines nikah as “a contract for the ownership, tamlik, of the use of [the] vagina”. The actual Arabic term for marriage is “Zawaj”. (see also [[#M|Mahr]], the payment received by the "bride" for nikah)
|The Islamic equivalent of a marriage. Literally meaning "fuck" or "sexual intercourse". Jabiri-Arablu, a contemporary Islamic scholar, defines nikah as “a contract for the ownership, tamlik, of the use of [the] vagina”. The actual Arabic term for marriage is “Zawaj”. (see also [[Mahr (Marital Price)|Mahr]], the payment received by the "bride" for nikah)
|-
|-
|'''Niqab'''  
|'''Niqab'''  
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|تقوى
|تقوى
|''A pious Muslim is one who follows the laws and examples set by Muhammad.
|''A pious Muslim is one who follows the laws and examples set by Muhammad.
|-
|'''Political correctness'''
|تصحيح سياسي
|First coined in communist Russia as an 'a priori' censorship of genuine diversity. Mandatory dishonesty hiding factual informations when contrary to the line held by a party.
|-
|'''Purity'''
|طاهر
|In Islam, only Muslims are considered pure (tahir, pak). Non-Muslims are considered najis (impure, unclean).
|}
|}


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|Arabic for ''authentic''. It is used to describes a Hadith as being genuine and credible.
|Arabic for ''authentic''. It is used to describes a Hadith as being genuine and credible.
|-
|-
|'''[[Saifullah]]'''
|'''Saifullah'''
|سيف الله
|سيف الله
|"Sword of Allah". A title originally given by Muhammad to Khalid ibin al-Walid, the most celebrated and loved warrior in Islamic history. It was also awarded to Shaykh Osama bin Laden in 2007.
|"Sword of Allah". A title originally given by Muhammad to Khalid ibin al-Walid, the most celebrated and loved warrior in Islamic history.
|-
|-
|'''[[Salaf]]'''
|'''[[Salaf al-Salih (Pious Predecessors)|Salaf]]'''
|سلف‎‎
|سلف‎‎
|Arabic noun which translates to "predecessor", or "forefather". In Islam it refers to the first three generations of Muslims, the so-called "Pious Predecessors". Salafis (or "Wahhabis") are not a part of a deviant or innovative Islamic sect, but strict orthodox followers of the Qur'an and Sunnah.  
|Arabic noun which translates to "predecessor", or "forefather". In Islam it refers to the first three generations of Muslims, the so-called "Pious Predecessors". Salafis (or "Wahhabis") are not a part of a deviant or innovative Islamic sect, but strict orthodox followers of the Qur'an and Sunnah.  
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|صلاة
|صلاة
|One of the Five Pillars of Islam. It is the practice of formal prayer in Islam, and is compulsory (fard) for all Muslims.
|One of the Five Pillars of Islam. It is the practice of formal prayer in Islam, and is compulsory (fard) for all Muslims.
|-
|'''Salam''' / Salaam / Al-Salam / As-Salam
|سلام / السلام
|"Peace". Can be also used as a greeting. It is derived from the same root letters سلم (s-l-m) as the words ''sallam'' (ladder) or ''islam'' (submission). Just because two words share the same root doesn't mean that they necessarily share the same meaning.
|-
|-
|'''[[Crucifixion|Salb]]'''
|'''[[Crucifixion|Salb]]'''
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|Islamic profession of faith, "There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of the Allah."
|Islamic profession of faith, "There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of the Allah."
|-
|-
|'''[[Shahid]]'''
|'''[[Shaheed (Martyr)|Shahid]]'''
|شهيد‎‎
|شهيد‎‎
|Martyr. Used as a title for Muslims who have died fulfilling a religious commandment, or waging war for Islam.
|Martyr. Used as a title for Muslims who have died fulfilling a religious commandment, or waging war for Islam.
|-
|-
|'''[[Shariah|Shari'ah]]'''
|'''[[Shari'ah (Islamic Law)|Shari'ah]] / Sharia'''
|شريعة‎‎
|شريعة‎‎
|Archaic religious judicial system, which regulates the entire social life of Muslims and non-Muslims under Islamic dominance. Believed by Muslims to be God-given, it is immutable. Bid'ah, Fard, Fiqh, Ahadith, Hudd and Tafsir are part of the jurisprudence.
|Archaic religious judicial system, which regulates the entire social life of Muslims and non-Muslims under Islamic dominance. Believed by Muslims to be God-given, it is immutable. Bid'ah, Fard, Fiqh, Ahadith, Hudd and Tafsir are part of the jurisprudence.
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|شرك
|شرك
|Taking other gods besides Allah (i.e. Polytheism), and this is considered the most heinous crime against the Islamic god. Belief in the Trinity is concidered Shirk.
|Taking other gods besides Allah (i.e. Polytheism), and this is considered the most heinous crime against the Islamic god. Belief in the Trinity is concidered Shirk.
|-
|'''Shura'''
|شورى
|"Consultation". Muslims practice shura by discussing together about public affairs. They can however discuss only things that are not already decided by sharia (laws from the Qur'an and sunnah). So it is still a theocracy and not a democracy.
|-
|-
|'''[[Sirat Rasul Allah|Sira]] (or Sirat)'''
|'''[[Sirat Rasul Allah|Sira]] (or Sirat)'''
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!Definition
!Definition
|-
|-
|'''[[Tabi' al-Tabi'un]]'''
|'''Tabi' al-Tabi'un'''
|تابع التابعين
|تابع التابعين
|The generation after the Tabi'un. Tabi' al-Tabi'un is a Muslim who had seen at least one of the Tabi‘un, was rightly guided, and died in that state.
|The generation after the Tabi'un. Tabi' al-Tabi'un is a Muslim who had seen at least one of the Tabi‘un, was rightly guided, and died in that state.
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|The term referring to various evils in an Islamic sense, such as worshiping associates alongside Allah (''shirk akbar'') or ruling besides the laws (''Akham'') of Islam, and rejecting Islamic terms, evidences (Quran, Sunnat, Usul-ul-fiqh), and Islamic faith (''Kufr'').
|The term referring to various evils in an Islamic sense, such as worshiping associates alongside Allah (''shirk akbar'') or ruling besides the laws (''Akham'') of Islam, and rejecting Islamic terms, evidences (Quran, Sunnat, Usul-ul-fiqh), and Islamic faith (''Kufr'').
|-
|-
|'''[[Taqiyya]] (taqqiya)'''
|'''[[Corruption of Previous Scriptures|Tahrif]]'''
|تقیة‎‎
|A form of religious dissimulation whereby a Muslim can deny his faith or commit otherwise illegal or blasphemous acts while they are at risk of significant persecution. It is explicitly supported by Qur'anic verses that instruct Muslims not to "take for friends or helpers Unbelievers rather than believers... except by way of precaution," and to not utter unbelief "except [while] under compulsion". Critics of Islam often conflate the doctrine of taqiyyah with that of lying in general, mislabelling all forms of lying as an example of "taqiyya". However, taqiyya is only a single aspect of [[Lying|lying within Islam]], not the entirety of the subject itself.
|-
|'''[[Corruption of Previous Scriptures (Qur'an 2:79)|Tahrif]]'''
|تحريف
|تحريف
|Meaning ''distortion'', ''corruption'', ''alteration''. The vast majority of today's Muslims assume the Taurat and Injil have been corrupted, but the Qur'an never says the physical scriptures of the previous revelations were corrupted, only their interpretations. Many early and contemporary Muslim scholars (e.g. Ibn ‘Abbas, Ibn al-Layth, Ibn Rabban, Ibn Qutayba, Al-Ya'qubi, Al-Tabari, Al-Baqillani, Al-Mas'udi,) agree with the conclusion.
|Meaning ''distortion'', ''corruption'', ''alteration''. The vast majority of today's Muslims assume the Taurat and Injil have been corrupted, but the Qur'an never says the physical scriptures of the previous revelations were corrupted, only their interpretations. Many early and contemporary Muslim scholars (e.g. Ibn ‘Abbas, Ibn al-Layth, Ibn Rabban, Ibn Qutayba, Al-Ya'qubi, Al-Tabari, Al-Baqillani, Al-Mas'udi,) agree with the conclusion.
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|توراة‎‎
|توراة‎‎
|The Qur'an talks of the Taurat revealed to Musa (Moses), referring to the Torah - the first five books of the Jewish Bible; found in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. Some Muslims and scholars believe it refers to the entire Old Testament, but this view is not widely held.
|The Qur'an talks of the Taurat revealed to Musa (Moses), referring to the Torah - the first five books of the Jewish Bible; found in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. Some Muslims and scholars believe it refers to the entire Old Testament, but this view is not widely held.
|-
|'''[[Theo van Gogh]] (1957-2004)'''
|ثيو فان غوخ
|Theo van Gogh was an outspoken Dutch film director and columnist, who was murdered in retaliation for his short-film "Submission" which was deemed blasphemous. In the trial, his killer said to Theo's mother:''I don’t feel your pain, because I was driven by my religious conviction. If I were released and would have the chance to do it again…I would do exactly the same thing. I have to admit I don’t have sympathy for you. I can’t feel for you because I think you are a non-believer.''.
|-
|-
|'''Thought crime (crime without victim)'''
|'''Thought crime (crime without victim)'''
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|أمة‎‎
|أمة‎‎
|The collective worldwide body of Muslim believers.
|The collective worldwide body of Muslim believers.
|-
|'''Useful idiot'''
|غبي نافع
|Said of people not conscious of being manipulated in order to agree with a political agenda. Those convinced by the media and other influences that Islam is indeed a 'religion of Peace'. Sometimes referred to as a [http://www.thereligionofpeace.com/Pages/Dhimwits.htm Dhimwit (dïm-wît)]
|-
|-
|'''[[Uswa Hasana]]'''
|'''[[Uswa Hasana]]'''
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!Definition
!Definition
|-
|-
|'''[[Friendship_of_Non-Muslims#Jews_and_Christians|Waliyu 'llah]]'''
|'''[[Relationships with non-Muslims in Islamic Law|Waliyu 'llah]]'''
|ولي الله
|ولي الله
|An Islamic phrase, meaning 'friend of Allah'.
|An Islamic phrase, meaning 'friend of Allah'.
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|'''[[Waswas]]'''
|'''[[Waswas]]'''
|وسوس
|وسوس
|"Whispering" of Satan. Whenever a Muslim has any thoughts against Islam (including rational criticism), he tries to disregard them as ''waswas'', or whispering of Satan. Many Muslims "suffer" from waswas and try to heal themselves with ''ruqya'' - Islamic exorcism.
|"Whispering" of Satan. According to hadiths, when a Muslim has any thoughts against Islam (including rational criticism), he should disregard them as ''waswas'', or whispering of Satan. One traditional cure for waswas is ''ruqya'' - Islamic exorcism.
|-
|-
|'''[[Ablution|Wudu]]'''
|'''[[Ablution|Wudu]]'''
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|'''[[Zakat]]'''
|'''[[Zakat]]'''
|زكاة‎‎
|زكاة‎‎
|A charity tax, and one of the five pillars of Islam. The majority of Islamic scholars agree that non-Muslims should not benefit from this alms giving.
|A charity tax, and one of the five pillars of Islam. The majority of Islamic scholars agree that non-Muslims should not benefit from this alms giving, unlike sadaqah, which is voluntary charitable giving.
|-
|-
|'''[[Zamzam]]'''
|'''[[Zamzam]]'''
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|Mid-day prayer as sun moves away from its peak position.  
|Mid-day prayer as sun moves away from its peak position.  
|}
|}
==See Also==
{{Hub4|Islamic Terms|Islamic Terms}}
[[Category:Terms and Definitions]]
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