Coran, hadith et savants : Frapper sa femme: Difference between revisions
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Le Coran énonce clairement les mesures que doit prendre un mari face à une femme rebelle : il doit d'abord réprimander verbalement, puis refuser de coucher avec elle, et enfin, si elle persiste dans sa rébellion, il doit la battre. Ce plan en trois parties constitue le cœur des normes islamiques d'autorité dans le mariage. Le prophète Mahomet, tant par son exemple que par ses instructions, a enjoint aux croyants de battre leurs épouses rebelles comme il l'avait fait. En tant que principe fondamental de la loi islamique, l'autorisation de battre sa femme se perpétue aujourd'hui dans les fataawa des érudits islamiques modernes, et la loi islamique ne reconnaît pas comme un crime le fait de battre sa femme par son mari, à moins qu'il n'en résulte des blessures corporelles graves pour la femme. | Le Coran énonce clairement les mesures que doit prendre un mari face à une femme rebelle : il doit d'abord réprimander verbalement, puis refuser de coucher avec elle, et enfin, si elle persiste dans sa rébellion, il doit la battre. Ce plan en trois parties constitue le cœur des normes islamiques d'autorité dans le mariage. Le prophète Mahomet, tant par son exemple que par ses instructions, a enjoint aux croyants de battre leurs épouses rebelles comme il l'avait fait. En tant que principe fondamental de la loi islamique, l'autorisation de battre sa femme se perpétue aujourd'hui dans les fataawa des érudits islamiques modernes, et la loi islamique ne reconnaît pas comme un crime le fait de battre sa femme par son mari, à moins qu'il n'en résulte des blessures corporelles graves pour la femme. | ||
== | ==Coran== | ||
===Si vous soupçonnez la déloyauté et la mauvaise conduite, alors battez-les=== | ===Si vous soupçonnez la déloyauté et la mauvaise conduite, alors battez-les=== | ||
{{Quote|{ | {{Quote|<nowiki>{Qur'an|4|34}}</nowiki>|'''Yusuf Ali :''' Les hommes ont un rôle de protection et d'entretien des femmes, car Allah a donné à l'un plus (de force) qu'à l'autre, et parce qu'ils les soutiennent de leurs moyens. C'est pourquoi les femmes vertueuses sont pieusement obéissantes, et gardent en l'absence (du mari) ce qu'Allah voudrait qu'elles gardent. '''Quant aux femmes dont vous craignez la déloyauté et la mauvaise conduite''', réprimandez-les d'abord, refusez de partager leur lit, et enfin, '''battez-les''' (légèrement) : Car Allah est le Très Haut, le grand (au-dessus de vous tous). | ||
'''Pickthall:''' | '''Pickthall :''' Les hommes ont la charge des femmes, car Allah a fait que les uns surpassent les autres, et parce qu'ils dépensent de leurs biens (pour l'entretien des femmes). Les bonnes femmes sont donc les obéissantes, gardant en secret ce qu'Allah a gardé. '''Quant à celles dont vous ''craignez'' la rébellion''', réprimandez-les et bannissez-les dans des lits à part, et ''fouettez-les''. Et si elles vous obéissent, ne cherchez pas à vous opposer à elles. Et Allah est toujours Haut, Exalté et Grand. | ||
'''Shakir:''' | '''Shakir : ''' Les hommes sont les soutiens des femmes parce qu'Allah a fait que certains d'entre eux dépassent les autres et parce qu'ils dépensent de leurs biens ; les bonnes femmes sont donc obéissantes, gardant l'invisible comme Allah l'a gardé ; et '''(quant à) celles dont vous ''craignez'' la désertion''', réprimandez-les, et laissez-les seules dans leur lits et '''battez-les''' ; puis si elles vous obéissent, ne cherchez pas un opposer contre elles ; certes, Allah est Haut, Exalté, Grand.}} | ||
===Le prophète Ayyub (Job) avait le droit de battre sa femme=== | ===Le prophète Ayyub (Job) avait le droit de battre sa femme=== |
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Le Coran énonce clairement les mesures que doit prendre un mari face à une femme rebelle : il doit d'abord réprimander verbalement, puis refuser de coucher avec elle, et enfin, si elle persiste dans sa rébellion, il doit la battre. Ce plan en trois parties constitue le cœur des normes islamiques d'autorité dans le mariage. Le prophète Mahomet, tant par son exemple que par ses instructions, a enjoint aux croyants de battre leurs épouses rebelles comme il l'avait fait. En tant que principe fondamental de la loi islamique, l'autorisation de battre sa femme se perpétue aujourd'hui dans les fataawa des érudits islamiques modernes, et la loi islamique ne reconnaît pas comme un crime le fait de battre sa femme par son mari, à moins qu'il n'en résulte des blessures corporelles graves pour la femme.
Coran
Si vous soupçonnez la déloyauté et la mauvaise conduite, alors battez-les
Pickthall : Les hommes ont la charge des femmes, car Allah a fait que les uns surpassent les autres, et parce qu'ils dépensent de leurs biens (pour l'entretien des femmes). Les bonnes femmes sont donc les obéissantes, gardant en secret ce qu'Allah a gardé. Quant à celles dont vous craignez la rébellion, réprimandez-les et bannissez-les dans des lits à part, et fouettez-les. Et si elles vous obéissent, ne cherchez pas à vous opposer à elles. Et Allah est toujours Haut, Exalté et Grand.
Shakir : Les hommes sont les soutiens des femmes parce qu'Allah a fait que certains d'entre eux dépassent les autres et parce qu'ils dépensent de leurs biens ; les bonnes femmes sont donc obéissantes, gardant l'invisible comme Allah l'a gardé ; et (quant à) celles dont vous craignez la désertion, réprimandez-les, et laissez-les seules dans leur lits et battez-les ; puis si elles vous obéissent, ne cherchez pas un opposer contre elles ; certes, Allah est Haut, Exalté, Grand.Le prophète Ayyub (Job) avait le droit de battre sa femme
Hadith
Le prophète Mohammed
Muhammad a frappé son épouse sur la poitrine, ce qui l'a fait souffrir
Mohammed a autorisé les musulmans à battre leurs femmes
أبو جعفر الطبري, تاريخ الرسل والملوك, vol. 3, al-Maktabah al-Shamilah, p. 151, https://app.turath.io/book/9783
Mais interdit aux hommes d'avoir des relations sexuelles avec leur femme après l'avoir flagellé
Mohammed approuvait tacitement les coups violents, ignorait les mauvais traitements infligés aux femmes
Note that Muhammad is not concerned with the suffering of the believing women. Instead, he rebukes her for her words against her husband, thereby providing seeming approval of the practice of wife beating.
Mohammed a dit que les femmes qui se plaignent de violences conjugales ne sont pas les meilleures
Mohammed a dit que les hommes ne devaient pas être interrogés sur les mauvais traitements infligés à leurs femmes
Les Califes bien guidés
Abu Bakr et Omar ont giflé Aïcha et Hafsa devant Mohammed
Abu Bakr a frappé violemment Aïcha à la poitrine avec son poing
So he admonished me and said what Allah wished him to say and hit me on my flank with his hand. Nothing prevented me from moving (because of pain) but the position of Allah's Apostle on my thigh. Allah's Apostle got up when dawn broke and there was no water. So Allah revealed the Divine Verses of Tayammum. So they all performed Tayammum. Usaid bin Hudair said, "O the family of Abu Bakr! This is not the first blessing of yours." Then the camel on which I was riding was caused to move from its place and the necklace was found beneath it.
Omar a battu sa femme au milieu de la nuit
Umar advised others to beat their wives
Al-Muwatta 30:13, See also:
Al-Muwatta 30:213Ali a violemment battu une esclave devant Mohammed
ابن إسحاق; ابن هشام, سيرة ابن هشام ت السقا, vol. 2, al-Maktabah al-Shamilah, p. 301, https://app.turath.io/book/23833
Savants
Points de vue classiques
If the wife does not fulfill one of the above-mentioned obligations, she is termed "rebellious" (nashiz), and the husband takes the following steps to correct matters:
(a) admonition and advice, by explaining the unlawfulness of rebellion, its harmful effect on married life, and by listening to her viewpoint on the matter;
(b) if admonition is ineffectual, he keeps from her by not sleeping in bed with her, by which both learn the degree to which they need each other;
(c) if keeping from her is ineffectual, it is permissible for him to hit her if he believes that hitting her will bring her back to the right path, though if he does not think so, it is not permissible. His hitting her may not be in a way that injures her, and is his last recourse to save the family.
(d) if the disagreement does not end after all this, each partner chooses an arbitrator to solve the dispute by settlement, or divorce.Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri, Edited and Translated by Nuh Ha Mim Keller
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
Visions modernes
If the wife goes against his wishes and refuses to obey him, the husband has to take a gradual approach in handling the matter. First he should admonish her and remind her of the punishment for disobeying his command. If that does not succeed, then he moves on to forsaking her in bed. If that does not work, then he may hit her, but in a manner that is not severe, and there is nothing wrong with also threatening her with divorce...
Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 49945
Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 10680
Okay, he's tried admonishing, he's tried banishment - but nothing. Her emotions are numb, and she says: Good riddance. So what is the next measure? "...and beat them." Beating. The Prophet Muhammad said that the beatings should be light, and that one should avoid the face, or the sensitive areas, which might lead to broken bones, or might leave a mark that would spoil her beauty, whether on her face or anywhere on her body. Beatings that draw blood, or break bones, or leave a scar, a black mark on the skin, or any obvious mark, which would make people know that she was harshly beaten - this is forbidden.
How should the beatings go? Maybe a light slap on her shoulder, or maybe a not-so-light pinch, or a kind of gentle shove. He should make her feel that he wants to reform her, and let her know that he is displeased with her. It is like saying: None of the measures that work with sensitive people work with you. A word would be enough for any wife with lofty morals, but with you, words do not help.
Then he attempts a new direction, appealing to her femininity and emotions, by making her feel that he doesn't want her or love her. When this doesn't work, he says to her: With you, I have reached a stage which is only appropriate for inhumane people - the stage of beating.
Interviewer: Honored them with beatings? How is this possible?!
Sa’d Arafat: The prophet Muhammad said: “Don’t beat her in the face, and do not make her ugly.” See how she is honored. If the husband beats his wife, he must not beat her in the face. Even when he beats her, he must not curse her. This is incredible! He beats her in order to discipline her.
In addition, there must not be more than ten beatings, and he must not break her bones, injure her, break her teeth, or poke her in the eye. There is a beating etiquette. If he beats to discipline her, he must not raise his hand high. He must beat her from chest level. All these things honor the woman.
She is in need of discipline. How should the husband discipline her? Through admonishment. If she is not deterred, he should refuse to share the bed with her. If she is not repentant, he should beat her, but there are rules to the beating. It is forbidden to beat her in the face or make her ugly. When you beat her, you must not curse her. Islam forbids this.
Interviewer: With what should be beat her? With his bare hand? With a rod?
Sa’d Arafat: If he beats her, the beatings should not be hard, so that they do not leave a mark. He can beat her with a short rod. He must avoid beating her in the face or in places in the head where it hurts. The beatings should be on the body and should not come one right after the other. These are all choices made during the process, but beatings are allowed only as a last resort.
The honoring of the wife in Islam is also evident in the fact that the punishment of beating is permissible in one case only: when she refuses to sleep with him.
Interviewer: When she refuses to sleep with him?
Sa’d Arafat: Yes, because where else could the husband go? He wants her, but she refuses. He should begin with admonishment and threats…
Interviewer: Allow me to repeat this. A man cannot beat his wife...over food or drink. Beatings are permitted only in this case, which the husband cannot do without.[6]Of course she is a girl and will be encouraged in this bad world of today, she will have her mobile in front of her father flirting with boys and exchanging love phrases.. The father must sit cross handed in front of her, he must either kill himself if he has the least bit of honour left – saying that if he doesn’t do that he will lose his afterlife (…)- or he must assault his daughter who already has the numbers of the police stored on her mobile, calls this organization or that and complains that her father abuses her. The man will be put in jail for 6 months, and if the girl is not satisfied she can let him stay for 3 years and rot in jail. They will fine him 5 million ID. Is this the struggle for Kurdistan we are doing here? Is this the religion we have left? The situation is very dangerous but no one will follow you to the battlefield. The people don’t have guts. If the people do have courage I will be the first to block Barzani’s path. (….)
Three hundred members of my tribe were killed in the village of Susse. Is this what we got killed for? So that you sign these papers that deprive our families and women of honour inside our houses? If you don’t agree and say that you can’t stop the legal process, then let us confront and lead us to oppose (the parliament). We will go to the parliament and confront its president. You are the KRG, you should tell the parliament not to do this. That this is unacceptable, this is the red line. How would I allow the honour of my people to be taken away? How should I allow that girls shouldn’t be beaten at home? That a boy shouldn’t be beaten? Is it not true that the prophet – peace be upon – him says “if a child doesn’t pray when reaching 10 years, you should beat him/her.” You have thus cancelled the sayings of the prophet![7]Voir aussi
Références
- ↑ Muslim, Hajj 137; al-Tirmidsi, Radha` 11, Tafsir Sura al-Tawba 9:2; Abu Dawud, Manasik 56; Ibn Maja, Nikah 3, Manasik 84; al-Darimi, Manasik 34; Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, 5:73.
- ↑ Egyptian Cleric Galal Al-Khatib Explains Wife-Beating in Islam - MEMRI: Special Dispatch, No. 2229, February 5, 2009
- ↑ Mohammed Jamjoom - Saudi judge: It's OK to slap spendthrift wives – CNN, May 10, 2009
- ↑ Muslim cleric: Some wives need to be beaten - WorldNetDaily, September 03, 2004
- ↑ Ahmad Al-Tayyeb Explains Wife Beating in Islam - MEMRI: Special Dispatch No.2868, March 19, 2010
- ↑ Egyptian Cleric Sa'd Arafat: Islam Permits Wife Beating Only When She Refuses to Have Sex with Her Husband - MEMRI TV, Video Clip No. 2600, Al-Nas TV (Egypt) - February 4, 2010 - 03:32
- ↑ Thomas v. der Osten-Sacken - Female Genital Mutilation “is an obligation” says Mullah in Iraqi Kurdistan - EKurd.net, August 16, 2011