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Tawheed: Difference between revisions
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{{QualityScore|Lead=2|Structure=2|Content=3|Language= | {{QualityScore|Lead=2|Structure=2|Content=3|Language=4|References=1}} | ||
Tawheed (also spelled tawhid) is the Islamic monotheistic concept of god. Although the concept of [[monotheism]] is intrinsic to tawheed, tawheed encompasses more than the concept of god simply being one. It also refers to all of the implications of the existence of one god who created the universe and has very specific wishes for his creations. It stands in contrast to [[shirk]] in all of its forms. | Tawheed (also spelled tawhid) is the Islamic monotheistic concept of god. Although the concept of [[monotheism]] is intrinsic to tawheed, tawheed encompasses more than the concept of god simply being one. It also refers to all of the implications of the existence of one god who created the universe and has very specific wishes for his creations. It stands in contrast to [[shirk]] in all of its forms. | ||
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Oneness could be وحدانية (wahdaaniya) or توحد (tawahhud) or وحدة (wahda), but not توحيد (tawheed). | Oneness could be وحدانية (wahdaaniya) or توحد (tawahhud) or وحدة (wahda), but not توحيد (tawheed). | ||
Tawheed is the masdar, that is to say verbal noun, of a form II(wazn faala وزن فعّل in Arabic) verb wahhada وحّد meaning to unify or consolidate. Form II is usually a causative or implies the transmitting of the effect of the act from the doer to the receiver. So tawheed means "causing to be one", "unifying" or "making into one". The various translations of the word tawheed outside of Islamic theology are: | |||
{{Quote|[https://www.almaany.com/en/dict/ar-en/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF/ almaany.com: tawheed]| | {{Quote|[https://www.almaany.com/en/dict/ar-en/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF/ almaany.com: tawheed]| | ||
amalgamation ; combination ; conjunction ; consolidation ; fusion ; integration ; joining ; junction ; merger ; merging ; standardization ; unification ; union ; uniting | amalgamation ; combination ; conjunction ; consolidation ; fusion ; integration ; joining ; junction ; merger ; merging ; standardization ; unification ; union ; uniting | ||
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In comparison to monotheistic deism (or pantheism): | In comparison to monotheistic deism (or pantheism): | ||
* There is only one god (Deism) | |||
* There is only one god '''and Muhammad is his messenger''' (Islam) | *There is only one god (Deism) | ||
*There is only one god '''and Muhammad is his messenger''' (Islam) | |||
The god of the deists is one, but the belief in this god does not comply with tawheed, as no messenger is acknowledged to provide mankind with the direct will of god to be obeyed before all else. | The god of the deists is one, but the belief in this god does not comply with tawheed, as no messenger is acknowledged to provide mankind with the direct will of god to be obeyed before all else. | ||
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==Proclamations of monotheism== | ==Proclamations of monotheism== | ||
Islam scholars and | Islam scholars and preachers insist that people should worship only one god, Allah. | ||
===Shahada=== | ===Shahada=== | ||
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}} | }} | ||
It is | It is interpreted as "There's no god but Allah." Compare the [[Shi'ism]] saying: | ||
{{Quote|| | {{Quote|| | ||
لا سيف إلا ذو الفقار | لا سيف إلا ذو الفقار | ||
lā sayf ʾillā Ḏū l-Fiqār. | lā sayf ʾillā Ḏū l-Fiqār. | ||
"No sword except Zulfiqar" | "No sword except Zulfiqar" | ||
}} | |||
===Ahad=== | ===Ahad=== | ||
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}} | }} | ||
The use of Ahad here is highly unusual, one would expect "waahid. | The use of Ahad here is highly unusual, one would expect "waahid". "Ahad" though is usual in Aramaic, and has been suggested as a sign of Syriac influence on the original Qur'anic rasm. | ||
===Waahid=== | ===Waahid=== | ||
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==Polytheism in the Quran== | ==Polytheism in the Quran == | ||
According to the traditional Islamic sources, there used to be a part of the Quran, which was later removed, about | According to the traditional Islamic sources, there used to be a part of the Quran, which was later removed, about goddesses: | ||
{{Quote|Used to be in Quran 53:19-20| | {{Quote|Used to be in Quran 53:19-20| | ||
Have you thought of al-Lāt and al-‘Uzzá | Have you thought of al-Lāt and al-‘Uzzá | ||
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}} | }} | ||
Al-Lat and al-Uzza were goddesses | Al-Lat and al-Uzza were goddesses worshiped by Arab polytheists. However, later Muhammad claimed that Satan put these verses on his tongue and therefore they were deleted from the Quran. Currently they are called "Satanic verses". | ||
Also it | Also it is worth noticing that Allah calls himself "the best of creators" as if there were more creators (and also talks about himself in the plural): | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|23|14}}| | {{Quote|{{Quran|23|14}}| | ||
Then '''We''' made the sperm-drop into a clinging clot, and We made the clot into a lump [of flesh], and We made [from] the lump, bones, and We covered the bones with flesh; then We developed him into another creation. So blessed is Allah, '''the best of creators'''. | Then '''We''' made the sperm-drop into a clinging clot, and We made the clot into a lump [of flesh], and We made [from] the lump, bones, and We covered the bones with flesh; then We developed him into another creation. So blessed is Allah, '''the best of creators'''. | ||
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==Quran and the holy trinity== | ==Quran and the holy trinity== | ||
Although Christianity is a monotheistic religion, it | Although Christianity is a monotheistic religion, it is not compatible with the Islamic doctrine of tawheed. | ||
The Quran accuses Christians of saying "three": | The Quran accuses Christians of saying "three": | ||
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===The holy duality: Allah and Quran=== | ===The holy duality: Allah and Quran=== | ||
Most Muslim today believe that the Quran is eternal (not created). This belief stems from the Mu'tazila controversy/heresy in the 2nd Islamic century (the 8th century of the common era) and closely | Most Muslim today believe that the Quran is eternal (not created). This belief stems from the Mu'tazila controversy/heresy in the 2nd Islamic century (the 8th century of the common era) and closely parallels Christian debates about the nature of the Son vs God the Father (who is, like the Qur'an in Islam, the Word of God). Although Muslims claim strict monotheism, they generally ascribe many divine characteristics to the Qur'an. | ||
==Raised index finger by terrorists== | ==Raised index finger by terrorists== | ||
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==Ancient religiosity== | ==Ancient religiosity== | ||
Tawheed is supposedly "the original concept of god" that was corrupted according to Islamic orthodoxy. This however stands in | Tawheed is supposedly "the original concept of god" that was corrupted according to Islamic orthodoxy. This, however, stands in contrast to all hitherto done research on ancient and prehistoric societies: | ||
{{Quote|Denova, R. (2019, October 17). Monotheism in the Ancient World. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/article/1454/| | {{Quote|Denova, R. (2019, October 17). Monotheism in the Ancient World. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/article/1454/| | ||
However, in the ancient world, the concept of monotheism as we understand it today did not exist; '''all ancient people were polytheists'''. They may have elevated one god as higher than the others (henotheism) but nevertheless recognized the existence of divine multiplicity. | However, in the ancient world, the concept of monotheism as we understand it today did not exist; '''all ancient people were polytheists'''. They may have elevated one god as higher than the others (henotheism) but nevertheless recognized the existence of divine multiplicity. | ||
}} | }} | ||
Rather than the default position of mankind, history and anthropology seem to indicate that monotheism is the innovation. | Rather than the default position of mankind, history and anthropology seem to indicate that monotheism is the innovation. | ||
==External Links== | |||
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07qty6oFssE Is Monotheism (Tawhid) the default natural (Fitrah) belief of mankind?] ''- Hassan Radwan - YouTube video'' | |||
[[Category:Allah]] | |||
[[Category:Salafism]] | |||