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Crone, Patricia and Michael Cook. ''[https://archive.org/details/Hagarism Hagarism: The Making of the Islamic World]''. Cambridge University Press (1977). 268pp. | Crone, Patricia and Michael Cook. ''[https://archive.org/details/Hagarism Hagarism: The Making of the Islamic World]''. Cambridge University Press (1977). 268pp. | ||
Donner, Fred. ''[https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvjf9w3h Muhammad and the Believers: At the Origins of Islam]''. Harvard University Press (2012). 304pp. | |||
Hawting, G. R. ''[https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511497490 The Idea of Idolatry and the Emergence of Islam: From Polemic to History]''. Cambridge University Press (1999). 168pp. | |||
== The life of Muhammad == | == The life of Muhammad == |