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Adult Suckling: Difference between revisions
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'''Adult suckling''', or the act of breastfeeding a male adult, is mentioned in several relied-upon collections of [[Hadith|hadiths]]. According to a hadith in Sahih Muslim, [[Muhammad]] once plainly instructed the daughter of a [[Sahabah|companion]] named Suhail to suckle | '''Adult suckling''', or the act of breastfeeding a male adult, is mentioned in several relied-upon collections of [[Hadith|hadiths]]. According to a hadith narrated five times in Sahih Muslim, [[Muhammad]] once plainly instructed the daughter of a [[Sahabah|companion]] named Suhail to suckle a "grown-up" freedman named Salim so that Salim would become the daughter's ''mahram'', or a relation whom the daughter could no longer marry, and thus render Salim's cohabitation with the family appropriate and [[Shari'ah (Islamic Law)|legal]].<ref>[https://quranx.com/Hadith/Muslim/Reference/Hadith-1453 Sahih Muslim, hadiths 3424-3428]</ref> Reports in the Muwatta of Imam Malik<ref>{{Muwatta|30|3|17}}</ref> and Sunan Abu Dawud<ref>{{Ibn Majah|9|3|9|1944}}</ref> add that this instruction was reified by a verse in the [[Qur'an]], Islam's holy scripture, which was still present in the Qur'an after [[Muhammad's Death|Muhammad's death]], indicating that it had not been [[Naskh (Abrogation)|abrogated]] by Muhammad while he was alive. The report in Sunan Abu Dawud continues with [[Aisha]], Muhammad's favorite wife, reporting that while she was "preoccupied with [Muhammad's] death", "a tame sheep came in and ate" the scrap of paper upon which the verse of "breastfeeding an adult" was written. | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
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Dr. Atiyya repeatedly declared that the sources he quoted belonged to the Islamic holy texts with the highest possible authority. According to him no less than 90,000 contemporary scholars confirmed that the hadith referred to is authentic. Further related texts: | Dr. Atiyya repeatedly declared that the sources he quoted belonged to the Islamic holy texts with the highest possible authority. According to him no less than 90,000 contemporary scholars confirmed that the hadith referred to is authentic. Further related texts: | ||
{{Quote|{{Muslim|8|3424}}|A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that Sahla bint Suhail came to Allah's Apostle (may peace be eupon him) and said: | |||
Messengerof Allah, I see on the face of Abu Hudhaifa (signs of disgust) on entering of Salim (who is an ally) into (our house), whereupon Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said: Suckle him. '''She said: How can I suckle him as he is a grown-up man? Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) smiled and said: I already know that he is a young man.''' 'Amr has made this addition in his narration: that he [Salim] participated in the Battle of Badr and in the narration of Ibn 'Umar (the words are): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) laughed.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Muwatta|30|3|17}}|Yahya related to me from Malik from Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr ibn Hazm from Amra bint Abd ar-Rahman that A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "'''Amongst what was sent down of the Qur'an was 'ten known sucklings make haram' - then it was abrogated by 'five known sucklings'.''' When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, died, it was what is now recited of the Qur'an." | |||
Yahya said that Malik said, "One does not act on this."}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Ibn Majah|9|3|9|1944}}|It was narrated that 'Aishah said: | {{Quote|{{Ibn Majah|9|3|9|1944}}|It was narrated that 'Aishah said: | ||
“'''The Verse of stoning and of breastfeeding an adult ten times was revealed, and the paper was with me under my pillow.''' When the Messenger of Allah died, we were preoccupied with his death, and '''a tame sheep came in and ate it'''.” '''These verses were abrogated in recitation but not ruling.''' Other ahadith establish the number for fosterage to be 5.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Ibn Majah|9|3|9|1942}}|It was narrated that 'Aishah said: | {{Quote|{{Ibn Majah|9|3|9|1942}}|It was narrated that 'Aishah said: | ||
“Once of the things that Allah revealed in the the Qur'an and then abrogated was that '''nothing makes marriage prohibited except ten breastfeedings or five well-known (breastfeedings''').” (Sahih) | “Once of the things that Allah revealed in the the Qur'an and then abrogated [the word translated as "abrogated" is سقط, which means "dropped"<ref>[http://ejtaal.net/aa/#hw4=h496,ll=1426,ls=h5,la=h2037,sg=h517,ha=h337,br=h466,pr=h78,aan=h272,mgf=h431,vi=h193,kz=h1116,mr=h316,mn=h640,uqw=h781,umr=h509,ums=h430,umj=h372,ulq=h938,uqa=h200,uqq=h155,bdw=h435,amr=h309,asb=h460,auh=h756,dhq=h262,mht=h420,msb=h113,tla=h57,amj=h360,ens=h191,mis=h1035 Lane's Lexicon سقط]</ref> and not نسخ, which is the word used to refer to legal [[Abrogation|abrogation]]<ref>[http://ejtaal.net/aa/#hw4=h1141,ll=2886,ls=h54,la=h4406,sg=h1135,ha=h777,br=h958,pr=h155,aan=h662,mgf=h807,vi=h370,kz=h2649,mr=h721,mn=h1412,uqw=h1643,umr=h1073,ums=h905,umj=h842,ulq=h1662,uqa=h417,uqq=h393,bdw=h878,amr=h631,asb=h985,auh=h1607,dhq=h562,mht=h895,msb=h237,tla=h95,amj=h826,ens=h191,mis=h2189 Lane's Lexicon نسخ]</ref>, including by the Qur'an itself<ref>{{quran|2|106}}</ref>] was that '''nothing makes marriage prohibited except ten breastfeedings or five well-known (breastfeedings''').” (Sahih)}} | ||
==Waves in the Islamic World - and in the Rest of the World== | ==Waves in the Islamic World - and in the Rest of the World== | ||
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==Responses and criticisms thereof== | ==Responses and criticisms thereof== | ||
=== Non-generalizable, case-specific instructions === | ===Non-generalizable, case-specific instructions=== | ||
Islam at its most basic form is the Qur'an and [[Sunnah]] of Muhammad. Islamic rules and regulations pertaining to all things originate from studying these texts and seeing how Muhammad dealt with them. Islamic jurists then apply these to modern-day situations. Here we find a woman came to Muhammad with a problem and he gave her instructions on how to solve it, i.e. how to make a non-mahram male into a mahram. There is absolutely nothing in the Sahih Muslim narration that would suggest this instruction was only limited to her, or to women in the exact same situation. The fact that the non-mahram was a freed slave who lived in the same house as her (as a foster member of the family) is inconsequential. And even if it were not, that would still mean it is permissible for a foster parent to suckle her adult foster child to make him a mahram. This in itself is disturbing.{{Core Women}} | Islam at its most basic form is the Qur'an and [[Sunnah]] of Muhammad. Islamic rules and regulations pertaining to all things originate from studying these texts and seeing how Muhammad dealt with them. Islamic jurists then apply these to modern-day situations. Here we find a woman came to Muhammad with a problem and he gave her instructions on how to solve it, i.e. how to make a non-mahram male into a mahram. There is absolutely nothing in the Sahih Muslim narration that would suggest this instruction was only limited to her, or to women in the exact same situation. The fact that the non-mahram was a freed slave who lived in the same house as her (as a foster member of the family) is inconsequential. And even if it were not, that would still mean it is permissible for a foster parent to suckle her adult foster child to make him a mahram. This in itself is disturbing.{{Core Women}} | ||
== External links == | ==External links== | ||
*{{external_link|url=http://frontpagemag.com/2012/04/13/islamic-‘adult-breastfeeding’-fatwas-return/ |title=Islamic ‘Adult Breastfeeding’ Fatwas Return |date=April 13, 2012 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://frontpagemag.com/2012/04/13/islamic-‘adult-breastfeeding’-fatwas-return/&date=2012-04-15 |archivedate=2012-04-15 |deadurl=no}} | *{{external_link|url=http://frontpagemag.com/2012/04/13/islamic-‘adult-breastfeeding’-fatwas-return/ |title=Islamic ‘Adult Breastfeeding’ Fatwas Return |date=April 13, 2012 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://frontpagemag.com/2012/04/13/islamic-‘adult-breastfeeding’-fatwas-return/&date=2012-04-15 |archivedate=2012-04-15 |deadurl=no}} | ||
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*[http://www.islaminstitut.de/Nachrichtenanzeige.55+M5cacbd3c991.0.html Another German article stating that many female muslima leave islam because of the fatwa] | *[http://www.islaminstitut.de/Nachrichtenanzeige.55+M5cacbd3c991.0.html Another German article stating that many female muslima leave islam because of the fatwa] | ||
== References == | ==References== | ||
[[Category:Islam and Women]] | [[Category:Islam and Women]] | ||
[[Category:Islamic Law]] | [[Category:Islamic Law]] | ||
[[Category:Articles needing to be rewritten]] | [[Category:Articles needing to be rewritten]] | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||