User:Flynnjed/Sandbox2: Difference between revisions

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All this and the physical violence and wife-beating that is common in polygynous/Islamic families normalises the cruelty of FGM.
All this and the physical violence and wife-beating that is common in polygynous/Islamic families normalises the cruelty of FGM.


==The functions of FGM==
==The Functions of FGM==
- break down personality
- break down personality


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{{Quote|[https://unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/De-linking%20FGM%20from%20Islam%20final%20report.pd 'Delinking Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting from Islam' Ibrahim Lethome Asmani & Maryam Sheikh Abdi (2008)]|there is no verse in the Quran that can be used as evidence for [FGM]. On the contrary, '''there are several verses that strongly condemn any acts that negatively affect the human body in any way and interfere with Allah’s (SWT) creation without a justification'''. Examples include, “…and there is no changing Allah’s creation. And that is the proper religion but many people do not know” (Quran 30:30) and, “…and make not your own hands contribute to your destruction” (Quran 2:195) }}Islam forbids mutilations to the human body.   
{{Quote|[https://unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/De-linking%20FGM%20from%20Islam%20final%20report.pd 'Delinking Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting from Islam' Ibrahim Lethome Asmani & Maryam Sheikh Abdi (2008)]|there is no verse in the Quran that can be used as evidence for [FGM]. On the contrary, '''there are several verses that strongly condemn any acts that negatively affect the human body in any way and interfere with Allah’s (SWT) creation without a justification'''. Examples include, “…and there is no changing Allah’s creation. And that is the proper religion but many people do not know” (Quran 30:30) and, “…and make not your own hands contribute to your destruction” (Quran 2:195) }}Islam forbids mutilations to the human body.   


However , Islam exempts from this interdiction those mutilation that it permits. Male circumcision, for example, is a mutilation that Islamic law permits, and therefore it is not forbidden. Likewise [[Amputation in Islamic Law|the amputation of hand and feet]]. Beheading, [[stoning]], and [[crucifixion]] - which all involve mutilation prior to the victim's death - are all also permitted in Islamic law.
However, Islam exempts from this interdiction those mutilation that it permits.   


This argument engages in the fallacy of Petitio Principi, or 'Begging the Question' (assuming in the premise of an argument that which one wishes to prove in the conclusion).
{{Quote|[https://unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/De-linking%20FGM%20from%20Islam%20final%20report.pdf 'Delinking Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting from Islam' - Ibrahim Lethome Asmani & Maryam Sheikh Abdi (2008)]|the general rule is that
anything done to the body is prohibited unless there is evidence to allow}}


Qur'an 2:195 forbids suicide and, arguably, self-mutilation and so is therefore not applicable to FGM.  
Male circumcision, for example, is a mutilation that Islamic law permits, and therefore it is not forbidden. As are [[Amputation in Islamic Law|amputation of hand and feet]]. Beheading, [[stoning]], and [[crucifixion]] -  which all involve mutilation prior to the victim's death - are all also permitted in Islamic law. The 'Qur'an forbids mutilation' is an example of the fallacy of Petitio Principi, or 'Begging the Question' (assuming in the premise of an argument that which one wishes to prove in the conclusion).  


{{anchor|wivesnd}}
Qur'an 2:195 (referenced in the quote at the start of this section) forbids suicide and ''self''-mutilation - and is therefore does not apply to FGM.


====There is no record of Muhammad having his wives or daughters circumcised====
====There is no record of Muhammad having his wives or daughters circumcised====
{{Quote|[https://archive.ph/2021.04.09-045325/https://courtingthelaw.com/2016/04/28/commentary/islam-and-female-genital-mutilation-fgm/#selection-1263.35-1263.257 Islam And Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)]|The Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) had four daughters and '''we have no strong sources to prove if even one of them was circumcised''', therefore it can be concluded that this practice has no strong reasons to be called as Islamic.}}
{{Quote|[https://archive.ph/2021.04.09-045325/https://courtingthelaw.com/2016/04/28/commentary/islam-and-female-genital-mutilation-fgm/#selection-1263.35-1263.257 Islam And Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)]|The Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) had four daughters and '''we have no strong sources to prove if even one of them was circumcised''', therefore it can be concluded that this practice has no strong reasons to be called as Islamic.}}
There is also no record of Muhammad undergoing circumcision himself, or having his sons circumcised. There is no record of Mohammed having practiced many things which are justified or required by Islamic law: for example there is no record of Muhammad limiting himself to just four wives.  
The Qur'an, hadith and sirat conatin no reference to Muhammad having his wives or daughters mutilated.


Indeed, it is unlikely that Muhammad would have needed to command or require the circumcision of his wives, since females in Mohammed’s circle would have been circumcised in childhood. In the [[User:Flynnjed/Sandbox#Someone to Amuse Them|hadith narrated by Umm ‘Alqama]] the persons being cut are clearly children and the function of Islamic FGM (see [[User:Flynnjed/Sandbox#The sociology of FGM|The Sociology of FGM]]) requires that it be prepubescents who are submitted to FGM, not adolescents or adults.   
However, there are many aspects of Islamic law for which there is no record of Mohammed having practiced: there is no record of Muhammad having undergone circumcision himself, or of him having his sons circumcised. Nor, for example, is there any record of Muhammad limiting himself to just four wives.
 
Current practice and the hadith suggest that females in Muhammad's circle would have been circumcised in childhood. In the [[User:Flynnjed/Sandbox2#Someone to Amuse Them|hadith narrated by Umm ‘Alqama]] the persons being cut are clearly children, and the function of Islamic FGM (see [[User:Flynnjed/Sandbox#The sociology of FGM|The Origins of FGM]], Islamic Doctrine that creates social conditions favourable to FGM and the Functions of FGM ) requires that it be prepubescents who are submitted to FGM, not adolescents or adults.Therefore it is unlikely that Muhammad would have needed to command or require the circumcision of his wives, since they would have already been circumcised before he married them.   


FGM in Islamic cultures is matriarchal custom, a taboo and secretive affair, usually arranged by female relatives. The hadith '[[User:Flynnjed/Sandbox#Do not cut .22severely.22|do not cut severely]]' and '[[User:Flynnjed/Sandbox#One Who Circumcises Other Ladies|One who circumcises other ladies]]' depict women performing the mutilation, not men. Male family members are excluded and may not even realise that their community engages in the practice. <ref>[http://archive.today/2021.04.09-081411/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/feb/08/victim-fgm-speaking-out-cut-genitals-culture-of-silence I’m a survivor of female genital cutting and I’m speaking out – as others must too - Maryum Saifee]</ref> For example, it is possible for an educated young man from Oman (which is reported to have a 95.5% FGM-rate. <ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326191394_Female_Genital_Mutilation_in_the_Middle_East_Placing_Oman_on_the_Map Female Genital Mutilation in the Middle East: Placing Oman on the Map, June 2018, Hoda Thabet & Azza Al-Kharousi]</ref>) to be not only unaware that FGM exists in his country, but also to be unaware that his own mother and sisters have undergone the procedure.   
FGM in Islamic cultures is matriarchal custom, a taboo and secretive affair, usually arranged by female relatives. The hadith '[[User:Flynnjed/Sandbox#Do not cut .22severely.22|do not cut severely]]' and '[[User:Flynnjed/Sandbox#One Who Circumcises Other Ladies|One who circumcises other ladies]]' depict women performing the mutilation, not men. Male family members are excluded and may not even realise that their community engages in the practice. <ref>[http://archive.today/2021.04.09-081411/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/feb/08/victim-fgm-speaking-out-cut-genitals-culture-of-silence I’m a survivor of female genital cutting and I’m speaking out – as others must too - Maryum Saifee]</ref> For example, it is possible for an educated young man from Oman (which is reported to have a 95.5% FGM-rate. <ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326191394_Female_Genital_Mutilation_in_the_Middle_East_Placing_Oman_on_the_Map Female Genital Mutilation in the Middle East: Placing Oman on the Map, June 2018, Hoda Thabet & Azza Al-Kharousi]</ref>) to be not only unaware that FGM exists in his country, but also to be unaware that his own mother and sisters have undergone the procedure.   
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