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Jinn: Difference between revisions
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{{QualityScore|Lead=2|Structure=3|Content=3|Language=3|References=2}} | {{QualityScore|Lead=2|Structure=3|Content=3|Language=3|References=2}} | ||
'''Jinn''' (جن ''ǧinn'', singular جني ''ǧinnī'' ; variant spelling ''djinn'') or, as Romanized more broadly, '''genies'''<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genie|2=2012-04-27}} Genie] - Wiktionary, accessed April 27, 2012</ref> are said to be supernatural creatures that occupy a parallel world to that of mankind. Belief in jinn was common in pre-Islamic Arabia, where they were thought to inspire poets and soothsayers.<ref>Britannica.com. History & Society. [https://www.britannica.com/topic/jinni Entry on Jinni.]</ref> Their existence is confirmed in Islam as they are mentioned in the [[Qur'an]], [[hadith]], other [[Islam and Scripture|Islamic texts]] and Arab folklore. The Jinn are believed to exist in many sub-species themselves, with some living in the air, others as humans on land, and some like "snakes and dogs".<ref>Hughes, Thomas Patrick (1885). "Genii". ''Dictionary of Islam: Being a Cyclopædia of the Doctrines, Rites, Ceremonies'' . London, UK: W.H.Allen. pp. 134–6. Retrieved 4 October 2019.</ref> Together, the various jinns, humans and angels make up the three sentient creations of [[Allah]]. Like human beings, the jinn can also be good, evil, or neutrally benevolent.<ref>El-Zein, Amira. [http://books.google.com/books?id=H-k9oc9xsuAC&pg=PA116-IA117&lpg=PA116-IA117&dq=Jinn:+Medieval+Islamic+Civilization+-+An+Encyclopaedia&source=bl&ots=TSnTkHUY_j&sig=mXTd96-4uH5A5dpRvcBvgDGjUS4&hl=en&ei=HScES6WOBMLDlAek9IHtAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CAwQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Jinn%3A%20Medieval%20Islamic%20Civilization%20-%20An%20Encyclopaedia&f=false "Jinn,"] 420-421, in Meri, Joseph W., ''Medieval Islamic Civilization - An Encyclopedia''.</ref> | '''Jinn''' (جن ''ǧinn'', singular جني ''ǧinnī'' ; variant spelling ''djinn'') or, as Romanized more broadly, '''genies'''<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genie|2=2012-04-27}} Genie] - Wiktionary, accessed April 27, 2012</ref> are said to be supernatural creatures that occupy a parallel world to that of mankind. Belief in jinn was common in pre-Islamic Arabia, where they were thought to inspire poets and soothsayers.<ref>Britannica.com. History & Society. [https://www.britannica.com/topic/jinni Entry on Jinni.]</ref> Their existence is confirmed in Islam as they are mentioned in the [[Qur'an]], [[hadith]], other [[Islam and Scripture|Islamic texts]] and Arab folklore. The Jinn are believed to exist in many sub-species themselves, with some living in the air, others as humans on land, and some like "snakes and dogs".<ref>Hughes, Thomas Patrick (1885). "Genii". ''Dictionary of Islam: Being a Cyclopædia of the Doctrines, Rites, Ceremonies'' . London, UK: W.H.Allen. pp. 134–6. Retrieved 4 October 2019.</ref> Together, the various jinns, humans and angels make up the three sentient creations of [[Allah]]. Like human beings, the jinn can also be good, evil, or neutrally benevolent.<ref>El-Zein, Amira. [http://books.google.com/books?id=H-k9oc9xsuAC&pg=PA116-IA117&lpg=PA116-IA117&dq=Jinn:+Medieval+Islamic+Civilization+-+An+Encyclopaedia&source=bl&ots=TSnTkHUY_j&sig=mXTd96-4uH5A5dpRvcBvgDGjUS4&hl=en&ei=HScES6WOBMLDlAek9IHtAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CAwQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Jinn%3A%20Medieval%20Islamic%20Civilization%20-%20An%20Encyclopaedia&f=false "Jinn,"] 420-421, in Meri, Joseph W., ''Medieval Islamic Civilization - An Encyclopedia''.</ref> | ||
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The first part of Surah al-Jinn discusses the activities and thoughts of a group of Jinn who encountered Muhammad: | The first part of Surah al-Jinn discusses the activities and thoughts of a group of Jinn who encountered Muhammad: | ||
(Interestingly verse 8 onwards uncharacteristically seems to swap to the jinn's perspective without explanation, contradicting the idea that the Quran is solely the word of God; the section in brackets on verse 8 below is added entirely by the translator Pickthall, which is why most official translations do not have this - as you can see following the link to quranx). | (Interestingly verse 8 onwards uncharacteristically seems to swap to the jinn's perspective without explanation,<ref>Durie, Mark. The Qur’an and Its Biblical Reflexes: Investigations into the Genesis of a Religion (p. 116). Lexington Books. | ||
..There are conversations reported between the Messenger and others and between believers and disbelievers, and there are often rapid switches between different conversations. ''There are even conversations where jinn speak to each other (Q72)...'' | |||
</ref> contradicting the idea that the Quran is solely the word of God; the section in brackets on verse 8 below is added entirely by the translator Pickthall, which is why most official translations do not have this - as you can see following the link to quranx). | |||
{{Quote|{{quran-range|72|1|14}}|1. Say (O Muhammad): It is revealed unto me that a company of the Jinn gave ear, and they said: Lo! we have heard a marvellous Qur'an, | {{Quote|{{quran-range|72|1|14}}|1. Say (O Muhammad): It is revealed unto me that a company of the Jinn gave ear, and they said: Lo! we have heard a marvellous Qur'an, | ||
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{{Quote|{{Quran|2|275}}|Those who exact usury will not stand <b>but like one deranged by the Devil’s touch.</b> That is because they say, ‘Trade is just like usury.’ While Allah has allowed trade and forbidden usury. Whoever relinquishes [usury] on receiving advice from his Lord shall keep [the gains of] what is past, and his matter will rest with Allah. As for those who resume, they shall be the inmates of the Fire and they shall remain in it [forever].}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|2|275}}|Those who exact usury will not stand <b>but like one deranged by the Devil’s touch.</b> That is because they say, ‘Trade is just like usury.’ While Allah has allowed trade and forbidden usury. Whoever relinquishes [usury] on receiving advice from his Lord shall keep [the gains of] what is past, and his matter will rest with Allah. As for those who resume, they shall be the inmates of the Fire and they shall remain in it [forever].}} | ||
A much longer list of scholars citing the Islamic evidence for jinn possession, including the hadith, can be found via this Salafi website (Salafi Research Institute) webpage - [https://www.salafiri.com/evidences-for-jinn-possession-a-reply-to-the-detractors/ Evidences for Jinn Possession]. | A much longer list of scholars citing the Islamic evidence for jinn possession, including the hadith, can be found via this Salafi website (Salafi Research Institute) webpage - [https://www.salafiri.com/evidences-for-jinn-possession-a-reply-to-the-detractors/ Evidences for Jinn Possession]. | ||
==== Tampers with revelations ==== | |||
This possession may be related to how Satan interjects into revelations as mentioned in the Qur'an. These verses have traditionally been linked to the famous [[:en:Qur'an,_Hadith_and_Scholars:Muhammad_and_the_Satanic_Verses|Satanic verses]] by classical Qur'anic commentators.<ref>Commentaries for [https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/22.52 ''Verse 22:52'']</ref> | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|22|52-53}}|We have sent no messenger or apostle before you with whose recitations Satan did not tamper. Yet God abrogates what Satan interpolates; then He confirms His revelations, for God is all-knowing and all-wise. | |||
This is in order to make the interpolations of Satan a test for those whose hearts are diseased and hardened: Surely the sinners have gone far in dissent.}} | |||
==== '''Making people forgetful''' ==== | ==== '''Making people forgetful''' ==== | ||
Satan causes Moses to forget something. | Satan causes Moses to forget something. | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|18|63}}|He replied, “Do you remember when we rested by the rock? <b>˹That is when˺ I forgot the fish. None made me forget to mention this except Satan.</b> And the fish made its way into the sea miraculously.”}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|18|63}}|He replied, “Do you remember when we rested by the rock? <b>˹That is when˺ I forgot the fish. None made me forget to mention this except Satan.</b> And the fish made its way into the sea miraculously.”}}And a man to forget mentioning Joseph to the king.<ref>See [https://quranx.com/tafsirs/12.42 commentaries on Q12:42] for context.</ref> | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|12|42}}|Then he said to the one whom he knew would be delivered from among the two: ‘Mention me to your master.’ <b>But Satan caused him to forget mentioning [it] to his master.</b> So he remained in the prison for several years.}} | |||
=== Hadith === | === Hadith === | ||