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Korán, hadísy a učenci: Otroctví: Difference between revisions
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{{Quote|{{Bukhari|7|62|132}}|Vyprávěl 'Abdullah bin Zam'a: Prorok řekl, "Nikdo z Vás by neměl bičovat ženu tak, jako bičuje otroka a poté s ní mít sexuální styk později toho dne."}} | {{Quote|{{Bukhari|7|62|132}}|Vyprávěl 'Abdullah bin Zam'a: Prorok řekl, "Nikdo z Vás by neměl bičovat ženu tak, jako bičuje otroka a poté s ní mít sexuální styk později toho dne."}} | ||
{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|11|2126}}|Člověk z Ansar (Mohamedových pomocníků v Medíně) zvaný Basrah řekl: Vzal jsem si pannu v závoji. Když jsem na ni vstoupil, zjistil jsem, že je těhotná. (zmínil jsem se o tom prorokovi). Prorok ( | {{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|11|2126}}|Člověk z Ansar (Mohamedových pomocníků v Medíně) zvaný Basrah řekl: Vzal jsem si pannu v závoji. Když jsem na ni vstoupil, zjistil jsem, že je těhotná. (zmínil jsem se o tom prorokovi). Prorok (swt) řekl: She will get the dower, for you made her vagina lawful for you. The child will be your slave. When she has begotten (a child), flog her (according to the version of al-Hasan). The version of Ibn AbusSari has: You people, flog her, or řekl: inflict hard punishment on him.}} | ||
{{Quote|1=[http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/26067/sex%20with%20servant Islam Q&A - Fatwa #26067]|2=It is rare nowadays to find slaves in the shar’i sense in which it is permissible to be intimate with them etc. That is because most of the Muslims have long since given up the obligation of jihad for the sake of Allaah, in addition to their position of weakness and humiliation before their kaafir enemies, so that many of the majority-Muslim nations have signed the protocol that expressly forbids slavery and strives to put an end to it, which was agreed upon in the United Nations in 1953.}} | {{Quote|1=[http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/26067/sex%20with%20servant Islam Q&A - Fatwa #26067]|2=It is rare nowadays to find slaves in the shar’i sense in which it is permissible to be intimate with them etc. That is because most of the Muslims have long since given up the obligation of jihad for the sake of Allaah, in addition to their position of weakness and humiliation before their kaafir enemies, so that many of the majority-Muslim nations have signed the protocol that expressly forbids slavery and strives to put an end to it, which was agreed upon in the United Nations in 1953.}} | ||
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{{Quote|{{Muslim|8|3432}}|Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that at the Battle of Hunain Allah's Messenger sent an army to Autas and encountered the enemy and fought with them. Having overcome them and taken them captives, the Companions of Allah's Messenger seemed to refrain from having intercourse with captive women because of their husbands being polytheists. Then Allah, Most High, sent down regarding that:" And women already married, except those whom your right hands possess (Quran 4:. 24)" (i. e. they were lawful for them when their 'Idda period came to an end).}} | {{Quote|{{Muslim|8|3432}}|Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that at the Battle of Hunain Allah's Messenger sent an army to Autas and encountered the enemy and fought with them. Having overcome them and taken them captives, the Companions of Allah's Messenger seemed to refrain from having intercourse with captive women because of their husbands being polytheists. Then Allah, Most High, sent down regarding that:" And women already married, except those whom your right hands possess (Quran 4:. 24)" (i. e. they were lawful for them when their 'Idda period came to an end).}} | ||
{{Quote|{{Muslim|8|3383}}|Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man came to Allah's Messenger ( | {{Quote|{{Muslim|8|3383}}|Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man came to Allah's Messenger (swt) and řekl: I have a slave-girl who is our servant and she carries water for us and I have intercourse with her, but I do not want her to conceive. He řekl: Practise 'azl, if you so like, but what is decreed for her will come to her. The person stayed back (for some time) and then came and řekl: The girl has become pregnant, whereupon he řekl: I řekl you what was decreed for her would come to her.}} | ||
==Mohamed neměl odpor k otroctví== | ==Mohamed neměl odpor k otroctví== | ||
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{{Quote|{{Bukhari|8|77|600}}|Vyprávěl Abu Said Al-Khudri: That while he was sitting with the Prorok a man from the Ansar came and řekl, '''"O Aláhův apoštol! We get slave girls from the war captives and we love property;''' what do you think about coitus interruptus?" Aláhův apoštol řekl, "Do you do that? It is better for you not to do it, for there is no soul which Allah has ordained to come into existence but will be created."}} | {{Quote|{{Bukhari|8|77|600}}|Vyprávěl Abu Said Al-Khudri: That while he was sitting with the Prorok a man from the Ansar came and řekl, '''"O Aláhův apoštol! We get slave girls from the war captives and we love property;''' what do you think about coitus interruptus?" Aláhův apoštol řekl, "Do you do that? It is better for you not to do it, for there is no soul which Allah has ordained to come into existence but will be created."}} | ||
{{Quote|{{Muslim|15|4112}}|'Imran b. Husain reported that a person who had no other property emancipated six slaves of his at the time of his death. '''Allah's Messenger ( | {{Quote|{{Muslim|15|4112}}|'Imran b. Husain reported that a person who had no other property emancipated six slaves of his at the time of his death. '''Allah's Messenger (swt) called for them and divided them into three sections, cast lots amongst them, and set two free and kept four in slavery; and he (the Holy Prorok) spoke severely of him.'''}} | ||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|5|59|447}}|Vyprávěl Abu Said Al-Khudri: The people of (Banu) Quraiza agreed to accept the verdict of Sad bin Mu'adh. So the Prorok sent for Sad, and the latter came (riding) a donkey and when he approached the Mosque, the Prorok řekl to the Ansar, "Get up for your chief or for the best among you." Then the Prorok řekl (to Sad)." These (i.e. Banu Quraiza) have agreed to accept your verdict." '''Sad řekl, "Kill their (men) warriors and take their offspring as captives, "On that the Prorok řekl, "You have judged according to Allah's Judgment,"''' or řekl, "according to the King's judgment."}} | {{Quote|{{Bukhari|5|59|447}}|Vyprávěl Abu Said Al-Khudri: The people of (Banu) Quraiza agreed to accept the verdict of Sad bin Mu'adh. So the Prorok sent for Sad, and the latter came (riding) a donkey and when he approached the Mosque, the Prorok řekl to the Ansar, "Get up for your chief or for the best among you." Then the Prorok řekl (to Sad)." These (i.e. Banu Quraiza) have agreed to accept your verdict." '''Sad řekl, "Kill their (men) warriors and take their offspring as captives, "On that the Prorok řekl, "You have judged according to Allah's Judgment,"''' or řekl, "according to the King's judgment."}} | ||
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===Jeden arab za dva černochy=== | ===Jeden arab za dva černochy=== | ||
{{Quote|{{Muslim|10|3901}}|Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported: There came a slave and pledg- ed allegiance to Aláhův apoštol ( | {{Quote|{{Muslim|10|3901}}|Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported: There came a slave and pledg- ed allegiance to Aláhův apoštol (swt) on migration; he (the Holy Prorok) did not know that he was a slave. Then there came his master and demanded him back, whereupon Aláhův apoštol (swt) řekl: '''Sell him to me. And he bought him for two black slaves''', and he did not afterwards take allegiance from anyone until he had asked him whether he was a slave (or a free man)}} | ||
===Mohamed prodával otroky=== | ===Mohamed prodával otroky=== | ||
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{{Quote|{{Abudawud|32|4094}}|Vyprávěl Anas ibn Malik: | {{Quote|{{Abudawud|32|4094}}|Vyprávěl Anas ibn Malik: | ||
Prorok ( | Prorok (swt) brought Fatimah a slave which he donated to her. Fatimah wore a garment which, when she covered her head, did not reach her feet, and when she covered her feet by it, that garment did not reach her head. When the Prorok (swt) saw her struggle, he řekl: There is no harm to you: Here is only your father and slave.}} | ||
===Aláhův názor na otroky=== | ===Aláhův názor na otroky=== | ||
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{{Quote|{{Abudawud|38|4458}}|Vyprávěl Ali ibn AbuTalib: | {{Quote|{{Abudawud|38|4458}}|Vyprávěl Ali ibn AbuTalib: | ||
A slave-girl belonging to the house of the Apostle of Allah ( | A slave-girl belonging to the house of the Apostle of Allah (swt) committed fornication. He (the Prorok) řekl: Rush up, Ali, and inflict the prescribed punishment on her. I then hurried up, and saw that blood was flowing from her, and did not stop. So I came to him and he řekl: Have you finished inflicting (punishment on her)? I řekl: I went to her while her blood was flowing. He řekl: Leave her alone till her bleeding stops; then inflict the prescribed punishment on her. And inflict the prescribed punishment on those whom your right hands possess (i.e. slaves).}} | ||
===Otroci z válečných zajatců=== | ===Otroci z válečných zajatců=== | ||