WikiIslam:Citing, Linking, and Quoting: Difference between revisions

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==Ref Tags==
This protocol will explain where, when, and why editors must cite, link, and quote their sources. For source editing and how to use related templates please go to the [[WikiIslam:Formatting]] page.


Statements of facts, especially those that are likely to be challenged, must be appropriately referenced. These references must be provided via inline citations. A general list of references at the bottom of a page is of little use because they do not specify which particular statements they support.
==Citing==
Any claim or material that is likely to be challenged must be cited. All claims must be supported by scholarly sources and not reliant solely on reasoning provided by editors. We should strive to be as objective, and fact-centered as possible.


===Single Citation===
All sources must be third-party published sources, and must avoid tabloid and unreliable sources. Sources must verify the claim being made,  and must not be copy-pasted from it unless it is being quoted. Cite in MLA or APA format when possible unless you are citing direct Islamic scriptures.
An example of a reference being made on a page:
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
| This is how to provide inline citations.<ref>This is the reference text. [http://example.com/ Links can also be provided]</ref>
''(article text)''


''(more article text)''
The standard method of citing in Wikiislam is with a footnote at the end of the sentence and after the punctuation where the claim it supports appears. More than one citation may be necessary if the claim is heavily disputed or controversial.


<big>'''References'''</big>
'''Example of weak citing:'''
----
{{reflist}}
|}


Here is what has to be typed:
"Leaving his wife and children behind during the month of [[Ramadan]], the now wealthy Muhammad would often fall back to a cave located at the summit of Mount Hira, just outside Mecca in the Arabian Hijaz, where he fasted and prayed. According to Islamic belief, when he was about forty years old (610 AD) he was visited by the Angel [[Gabriel]] (جبريل ''Jibreel'') and commanded to recite verses sent by Allah. These verses would later become what is believed to be the first part of Sura 96. This experience frightened him, and originally thinking he was possessed by a demon, he became suicidal. According to [[Sahih]] Bukhari:"
::<tt>This is how to provide inline citations.<nowiki><ref>This is the reference text. [http://example.com/ Links can also be provided]</ref></nowiki></tt>


At the end of an article, there should be a "References" heading and below that:
'''Amended version:'''
::<tt><nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki></tt>


The wiki will then automatically do everything else to produce the reference. To edit the reference section produced at the bottom, edit the <nowiki><ref></nowiki> tags.
"The begginings of the Qur'an were conceived as Muhammad began to leave his wife and children to pray alone in a cave several weeks each year.<ref>Emory C. Bogle (1998), p. 6</ref><ref>John Henry Haaren, Addison B. Poland (1904), p. 83</ref> According to Islamic belief, when he was about forty years old (610 AD) he was visited by the Angel [[Gabriel]] (جبريل ''Jibreel'') and commanded to recite verses sent by Allah.<ref>Brown (2003), pp. 72–73</ref> These verses would later become what is believed to be the first part of Sura 96.<ref>Wensinck, A.J.; Rippen, A. (2002). "Waḥy". ''Encyclopaedia of Islam''. '''11''' (2nd ed.). Brill Academic Publishers. p. 54. <nowiki>ISBN 90-04-12756-9</nowiki>.</ref> This experience frightened him, and originally thinking he was possessed by a demon, he became suicidal. According to [[Sahih Bukhari]]<ref>...But after a few days Waraqa died and the Divine Inspiration was also paused for a while and the Prophet (Mohammad) became so sad as we have heard that he intended several times to throw himself from the tops of high mountains and every time he went up the top of a mountain in order to throw himself down, Gabriel would appear before him and say, "O Muhammad! You are indeed Allah's Apostle in truth" whereupon his heart would become quiet and he would calm down and would return home. And whenever the period of the coming of the inspiration used to become long, he would do as before, but when he used to reach the top of a mountain, Gabriel would appear before him and say to him what he had said before. [https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-9/Book-87/Hadith-111 Sahih Bukhari 9:87:111]</ref> After this first '[[revelation]]' no new ones came for a time, but then after a long period they started up again and continued at a steady rate till his death. The collection of these verses is known as the [[Qur'an]].<ref>Uri Rubin, ''Muhammad'', Encyclopedia of the Qur'an</ref>"


===Multiple Citations===
===Citing Formats===
Quran


For multiple citations of the same reference or footnote:  
*Full Verse(s) in English - Only use the translations of Pickthall, Yusuf Ali, or Sahih International. Generally, you should use the most accurate translation of the relevant Arabic words.
::<tt><nowiki><ref name="name here">details of the citation</ref></nowiki></tt>
*Using Quran templates will cite and link automatically (See [[Template:Quran|here]] and [[Template:Quran-range|here]])
*Chapter (A) and verse (B) numbers will appear in “Quran A:B” format
*Example: Indeed, We have granted you, [O Muhammad], al-Kawthar Qur’an 108:1


Thereafter, the same footnote may be used multiple times by adding:
Hadith:
::<tt><nowiki><ref name="name here"></ref></nowiki></tt>


===Multi-Columned References===
*Using hadith templates for appropriate collection will cite and link automatically (See [[WikiIslam:Source_Editing#Referencing_Hadith|here]])
*Quote the full Hadith in English
*Where applicable Use USC-MSA web (English) reference


For ease of reading, when a page includes many citations, the standard <tt><nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki></tt> template should be replaced by <tt><nowiki>{{Reflist|30em}}</nowiki></tt>  (for 10+ citations).
*For certain hadith collections where USC-MSA is unavailable use the reference system suggested for each collection [[WikiIslam:Citing Sources#Referencing%20Hadith|here]] (or one of the listed alternatives if necessary). These correspond to the reference systems selected by default for each collection on QuranX.
*Some hadiths may be long - it is acceptable to bold the relevant information to the claim within the hadith. If the hadith is very long, it may be acceptable to place [...] at the beginning and end of an extract.
*Always test generated links. If there is a problem read the relevant template page. Use the reference numbers as found on QuranX if they differ from sunnah.com. The latter has many numbering mistakes, corrected on QuranX.
*Example: Narrated 'Aisha: that '''the Prophet married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old''', and then she remained with him for nine years (i.e., till his death). Sahih Bukhari 7:62:64


==Cite Web==
===Citing in Relevant Quotations Section===
Do ''not'' cite in the “Relevant Quotations” section of any article. This section is only for quotes from direct Islamic scriptures. When a single source makes more than one claim they should be listed as separate citations. If two sources make the same claim you should pick the more reliable source.


The [[Template:Cite web|Cite Web]] template deals with the actual references i.e. the content that goes between the ref tags. Its use ensures that the formatting for references remains consistent throughout the site and also enable easy system-wide changes.
==Mediums==


When citing references in articles, it is important not to leave naked URLs. What is being referenced should be easily identifiable without having to leave the page through an external link. For example, this link:
===Book===
::<tt>http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=19888</tt>


When applied to the Cite Web template:
====Lane’s Lexicon (For Terms)====


::<tt><nowiki>{{cite web|url= http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=19888|title= Productivity suffers during holy month|publisher= The Jordan Times|author= Mohammad Ghazal|date= September 10, 2009|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=19888&date=2011-04-04|deadurl=no}}</nowiki></tt>
*Word being termed in both original and English language
*“Lane’s Lexicon” linked to appropriate pdf page file on (<nowiki>http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/</nowiki>)
*page number (not pdf file number)
*Example: مَهْدً mahdan - Lane's Lexicon, p.2739


Should produce this:
====Other Books - In APA or MLA format====


::{{cite web|url= http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=19888|title= Productivity suffers during holy month|publisher= The Jordan Times|author= Mohammad Ghazal|date= September 10, 2009|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=19888&date=2011-04-04|deadurl=no}}
*Name of author(s) (mandatory)
===Minimal Parameters===
*Title of book in italics (mandatory)
*Translated title of book in square brackets after the title if not in English (optional)
*Volume when appropriate
*Name of publisher (mandatory)
*City of publication, e.g. London: Routledge (optional)
*Year of publication of the edition you are citing
*Original year of publication in square brackets, e.g. 2017 [1972] (optional)
*Chapter or page numbers cited, if appropriate
*Edition, if not the first edition
*ISBN (optional)


<pre>
===Article===
{{cite web| url= | title= | author= | publisher= | date= | archiveurl= | deadurl=no/yes}}
</pre>


* url= URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found.
*Name of the author(s) (mandatory)
* title= Title of web page. Displays in quotes.
*Title of the article within quotation marks (mandatory)
* author= Name of author or authors if available.
*Year
* publisher= Organization or website's name. A website's URL should be used only when there is no proper name available. So, for example, Islam Q&A is located at islamqa.info, but Islam Q&A is the title that should be cited as the publisher.
*Name of the journal in italics (mandatory)
* date= Full date of source being referenced in the month/day/year format (e.g. February 21, 2014). This is the date mentioned on the website (if any).
*Volume number, issue number, and page numbers
:* accessdate= Full date when URL was accessed (use if the sourced page does not indicate a date of publication).
* archiveurl= The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like WebCite.
* deadurl= When the URL is still live, but preemptively archived, then set |deadurl=no. This changes the display order with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end.


===Additional Parameters===
===Web page===


<pre>| accessdate= | series= | isbn= | page= | pages= | quote=
*URL (mandatory)
</pre>
*Name of the author(s) (mandatory)
*Title of the article within quotation marks (mandatory)
*Title or domain name of the website
*Publisher, if known
*Date of publication
*Page number(s) (if applicable)
*Date retrieved (or accessed) the web page (required if the publication date is unknown)


* series= Additional information that cannot be included under author or publisher. For example journal number
===Video===
* quote= Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote needs to include terminating punctuation.
* isbn= For citing books. The ISBN is a numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit SBN code. Most published books have them.
* page= Page number of the book/journal being cited.
* pages= Page numbers of the book/journal being cited. Used when the information is spread over more than 1 page (e.g. 223-224).


==Archived Links==
*Director (mandatory)
*Producer, if relevant (mandatory)
*Names of major performers
*Title of the episode in quotation marks (mandatory)
*Title of the film or TV series in italics
*Name of the studio (mandatory)
*Year of release
*Medium (for example: film, videocassette, DVD)
*Approximate time at which event or point of interest occurs, where appropriate


Link rot is a frequently occurring phenomena where external website links become unavailable after some time.
===Music/Sound===


{{Quote|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_rot#Prevalence Link rot (Prevalence)]|The 404 "Not Found" response is familiar to even the occasional Web user. A number of studies have examined the prevalence of link rot on the Web, in academic literature, and in digital libraries. In a 2003 experiment, Fetterly et al. discovered that about one link out of every 200 disappeared each week from the internet. McCown et al. (2005) discovered that '''half of the URLs''' cited in D-Lib Magazine articles '''were no longer accessible 10 years after publication''', and other studies have shown link rot in academic literature to be even worse (Spinellis, 2003, Lawrence et al., 2001). Nelson and Allen (2002) examined link rot in digital libraries and found that about '''3% of the objects were no longer accessible after one year.'''}}
*Composer(s), songwriter(s), script writer(s), etc… (mandatory)
*Performer(s) (mandatory)
*Title of the song or individual track in quotation marks (mandatory)
*Title of the album in italics (if applicable)
*Name of the record label
*Year of release
*Medium (for example: LP, audio cassette, CD, MP3 file)
*Approximate time at which event or point of interest occurs, where appropriate


The Cite Web template has two parameters dedicated to archived links. This is due to the many sources that are comprised of links to external websites, making the preservation of the content of these external links very important. However, archiving links is very easy and only takes a moment.  
==Linking==
Linking is a way to connect Wikiislam pages within the text. If there exists a page on a subject that is brought up within an article it is encouraged to link the page within the text. However, over-linking can be distracting. By rule of thumb only link the first occurrence of the subject being mentioned in the article.


===WebCitation.org===
You can link a subject by enclosing it in double brackets <nowiki>[[X]]</nowiki>


Enter the target URL and any email address as that of the citing author on the WebCite archive form (http://www.webcitation.org/archive), then press submit. Using the "transparent" WebCite URL is preferred over the short one. This site archives PDF and other media files.
==Quoting==
Using the quote template can provide useful information from primary sources in a direct manner. However too many of them will cause unnecessary clutter in the page. Unless absolutely necessary to keep the flow of the article, do not use the quote template outside the “Relevant Quotations” section. (See Structure Protocol for more details)


===Archive.is===
The “Relevant Quotations” section will contain the direct relevant quotations from primary scriptures such as Qur’an and hadith. These will only be in quotation template format.


Enter the target URL into the "submit url" box (http://archive.is/) and press submit. You will then see the new archived URL that can be used in the 'archiveurl' parameter for the Cite Web template. This site does ''not'' archive PDF and other media files.
If you must reference something to support a claim, cite it in a footnote. If you must quote a published work outside of the “Relevant Quotations” section use quotation marks and incorporate the quote into the text and include a footnote citation at the end. It may also be justifiable to highlight a certain quote within the main text - if so please use the “Quote-text” template.


===Single Links===
'''Example of cluttered formatting:'''


In some situations only a single link is appropriate, rather than both the original and the archive link side-by-side. For example, in some of the [[Fatwa: It is Permissible to Use the "Torah and the New Testament... for Anal Cleansing after Defecation"|Translations of Arabic/Islamic Media]] pages. For these, the [[Template:Reference archive|Reference archive]] template should be used.
Shaykh Gibril Haddad says that the evidence Amjad provided above is false.{{Quote|1=[http://www.webcitation.org/67gTj2QC2 Gibril Haddad]|2=Al-Tabari nowhere reports that "Abu Bakr's four children were all born in Jahiliyya" but only that Abu Bakr married both their mothers in Jahiliyya, Qutayla bint Sa`d and Umm Ruman, who bore him four children in all, two each, `A'isha being the daughter of Umm Ruman.}}'''Amended version:'''


==Islamic Text==
Shaykh Gibril Haddad states that the passage mentioned is misinterpreted, stating "Al-Tabari nowhere reports that 'Abu Bakr's four children were all born in Jahiliyya' but only that Abu Bakr married both their mothers in Jahiliyya, Qutayla bint Sa`d and Umm Ruman, who bore him four children in all, two each, `A'isha being the daughter of Umm Ruman."<ref name=":6">''Our Mother A'isha's Age At The Time Of Her Marriage to The Prophet'' Shaykh Gibril Haddad</ref>
 
Templates make it easy to cite Islamic sources. For example, instead of finding the exact USC-MSA URL of a Qur'an verse or hadith, all that is needed is to type <tt><nowiki>{{Muslim|7|88}}</nowiki></tt> and the reference and link is automatically created.
 
The following are a list of templates that are available for use:
 
===Referencing the Qur'an===
 
Not all Qur'an-related templates are covered here. Refer to the Q section in [[:Category:Templates|Category:Templates]] for the full list.
 
====Single Verse====
 
To reference a verse from the Qur'an type: {&#123;Quran|###|###}}
 
The first parameter is the chapter/surah number, while the second parameter is the verse number.
 
====Multiple Verses====
 
To reference multiple verses from the Qur'an type: {&#123;Quran-range|###|###|###}}
 
The first parameter is the chapter/surah number, while the second parameter is the starting verse number, and the third parameter is the ending verse number.
 
====Verse and Transliteration====
 
To reference a verse from the Qur'an along with its Romanized transliteration type: {&#123;Qtt|###|###}}
 
The first parameter is the chapter/surah number, while the second parameter is the verse number.
 
===Referencing Hadith===
 
====Referencing Bukhari====
 
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Bukhari|Bukhari]] type: {&#123;Bukhari|###|###|###}}
The first parameter is the volume number, the second parameter is the book number and the third parameter is the narration number.
 
====Referencing Muslim====
 
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Muslim|Muslim]] type: {&#123;Muslim|###|###}}
 
The first parameter is the book number and the second parameter is the narration number.
 
====Referencing Dawud====
 
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Abudawud|Dawud]] type: {&#123;Abudawud|###|####}}
 
The first parameter is the book number and the second parameter is the narration number.
 
====Referencing Muwatta====
 
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Muwatta|Malik's Muwatta]] type: {&#123;Muwatta|###|###|###|}}
 
The first parameter is the book number, the second parameter is the section number and the third parameter is the narration number.
 
====Referencing Tirmidhi====
 
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Al Tirmidhi|Tirmidhi]] type: <nowiki>{{Al Tirmidhi|###|###|###|###}}</nowiki>
 
The first parameter is the URL ending (book number), the second parameter is the volume number, the third parameter is the book number, and the forth parameter is the narration number.
 
====Referencing Nasai====
 
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Al Nasai|Nasai]] type: <nowiki>{{Al Nasai|###|###|###|###}}</nowiki>
 
The first parameter is the URL ending (book number), the second parameter is the volume number, the third parameter is the book number, and the forth parameter is the narration number.
 
====Referencing Majah====
 
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Ibn Majah|Majah]] type: <nowiki>{{Ibn Majah|###|###|###|###}}</nowiki>
 
The first parameter is the URL ending (book number), the second parameter is the volume number, the third parameter is the book number, and the forth parameter is the narration number.
 
===Referencing Sirah===
 
====Referencing Tabari====
 
To reference text from [[Template:Tabari|Tabari]] type: {&#123;Tabari|###|###}}
 
The first parameter is the volume number and the second parameter is the page or page range. "p." or "pp." (whichever is applicable) will have to be typed in manually. For example, <nowiki>{{</nowiki>Tabari|4|p. 220}} or <nowiki>{{</nowiki>Tabari|4|pp. 220-221}}.
 
====Examples====
 
{| style="width:700px; height:200px" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
!Input !! Output
|-
| |{&#123;Quran|2|35}} || {{Quran|2|35}}
|-
| |{&#123;Quran-range|2|35|36}} || {{Quran-range|2|35|36}}
|-
| |{&#123;Qtt|2|35}} || {{Qtt|2|35}}
|-
| |{&#123;Bukhari|1|1|5}} || {{Bukhari|1|1|5}}
|-
| |{&#123;Muslim|1|5}} || {{Muslim|1|5}}
|-
| |{&#123;Abudawud|1|7}} || {{Abudawud|1|7}}
|-
| |{&#123;Muwatta|1|1|5|}} || {{Muwatta|1|1|5|}}
|-
| |<nowiki>{{Al Tirmidhi|2|1|2|6}}</nowiki> || {{Al Tirmidhi|2|1|2|6}}
|-
| |<nowiki>{{Al Nasai|26|4|26|3257}}</nowiki> || {{Al Nasai|26|4|26|3257}}
|-
| |<nowiki>{{Ibn Majah|9|3|9|1903}}</nowiki> || {{Ibn Majah|9|3|9|1903}}
|-
| |<nowiki>{{</nowiki>Tabari|4|p. 220}} || {{Tabari|4|p. 220}}
|}
 
==Quote Boxes==
 
When quoting a source, type {&#123;Quote|###|###}}
 
The first parameter is the reference for the text being quoted (this parameters can be left empty if references are being cited via ref tags). The second parameter is where the actual text is placed.
 
===Islamic Texts===
 
To quote an Islamic text, the relevant template for referencing that particular text must be placed within the first parameter of the quote box template.
 
'''Bold''' or ''italic'' emphasis may be added to quotations, but {{underline|underlining}} and ALLCAPS should be avoided.
 
====Examples====
 
{| style="width:700px; height:200px" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
!Input !! Output
|-
| |{&#123;Quote|{&#123;Quran|2|256}}|Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands out clear from Error...}} || {{Quote|{{Quran|2|256}}|Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands out clear from Error...}}
|-
| |{&#123;Quote|{&#123;Muslim|39|6707}}|Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, created the clay on Saturday and He created the mountains on Sunday and He created the trees on Monday and He created the things entailing labour on Tuesday and created light on Wednesday and He caused the animals to spread on Thursday and created Adam (peace be upon him) after 'Asr on Friday; }} || {{Quote|{{Muslim|39|6707}}|Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, created the clay on Saturday and He created the mountains on Sunday and He created the trees on Monday and He created the things entailing labour on Tuesday and created light on Wednesday and He caused the animals to spread on Thursday and created Adam (peace be upon him) after 'Asr on Friday; }}
|}


==See Also==
==See Also==
[[WikiIslam:Formatting]]


* [[WikiIslam:Reliable Sources]]
==References==
* [[WikiIslam:Standardization]]
 
[[Category:Help Pages]]
[[Category:Help Pages]]
[[Category:Policies and Guidelines]]
<references />

Revision as of 11:34, 13 May 2019

This protocol will explain where, when, and why editors must cite, link, and quote their sources. For source editing and how to use related templates please go to the WikiIslam:Formatting page.

Citing

Any claim or material that is likely to be challenged must be cited. All claims must be supported by scholarly sources and not reliant solely on reasoning provided by editors. We should strive to be as objective, and fact-centered as possible.

All sources must be third-party published sources, and must avoid tabloid and unreliable sources. Sources must verify the claim being made,  and must not be copy-pasted from it unless it is being quoted. Cite in MLA or APA format when possible unless you are citing direct Islamic scriptures.

The standard method of citing in Wikiislam is with a footnote at the end of the sentence and after the punctuation where the claim it supports appears. More than one citation may be necessary if the claim is heavily disputed or controversial.

Example of weak citing:

"Leaving his wife and children behind during the month of Ramadan, the now wealthy Muhammad would often fall back to a cave located at the summit of Mount Hira, just outside Mecca in the Arabian Hijaz, where he fasted and prayed. According to Islamic belief, when he was about forty years old (610 AD) he was visited by the Angel Gabriel (جبريل Jibreel) and commanded to recite verses sent by Allah. These verses would later become what is believed to be the first part of Sura 96. This experience frightened him, and originally thinking he was possessed by a demon, he became suicidal. According to Sahih Bukhari:"

Amended version:

"The begginings of the Qur'an were conceived as Muhammad began to leave his wife and children to pray alone in a cave several weeks each year.[1][2] According to Islamic belief, when he was about forty years old (610 AD) he was visited by the Angel Gabriel (جبريل Jibreel) and commanded to recite verses sent by Allah.[3] These verses would later become what is believed to be the first part of Sura 96.[4] This experience frightened him, and originally thinking he was possessed by a demon, he became suicidal. According to Sahih Bukhari[5] After this first 'revelation' no new ones came for a time, but then after a long period they started up again and continued at a steady rate till his death. The collection of these verses is known as the Qur'an.[6]"

Citing Formats

Quran

  • Full Verse(s) in English - Only use the translations of Pickthall, Yusuf Ali, or Sahih International. Generally, you should use the most accurate translation of the relevant Arabic words.
  • Using Quran templates will cite and link automatically (See here and here)
  • Chapter (A) and verse (B) numbers will appear in “Quran A:B” format
  • Example: Indeed, We have granted you, [O Muhammad], al-Kawthar Qur’an 108:1

Hadith:

  • Using hadith templates for appropriate collection will cite and link automatically (See here)
  • Quote the full Hadith in English
  • Where applicable Use USC-MSA web (English) reference
  • For certain hadith collections where USC-MSA is unavailable use the reference system suggested for each collection here (or one of the listed alternatives if necessary). These correspond to the reference systems selected by default for each collection on QuranX.
  • Some hadiths may be long - it is acceptable to bold the relevant information to the claim within the hadith. If the hadith is very long, it may be acceptable to place [...] at the beginning and end of an extract.
  • Always test generated links. If there is a problem read the relevant template page. Use the reference numbers as found on QuranX if they differ from sunnah.com. The latter has many numbering mistakes, corrected on QuranX.
  • Example: Narrated 'Aisha: that the Prophet married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old, and then she remained with him for nine years (i.e., till his death). Sahih Bukhari 7:62:64

Citing in Relevant Quotations Section

Do not cite in the “Relevant Quotations” section of any article. This section is only for quotes from direct Islamic scriptures. When a single source makes more than one claim they should be listed as separate citations. If two sources make the same claim you should pick the more reliable source.

Mediums

Book

Lane’s Lexicon (For Terms)

  • Word being termed in both original and English language
  • “Lane’s Lexicon” linked to appropriate pdf page file on (http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/)
  • page number (not pdf file number)
  • Example: مَهْدً mahdan - Lane's Lexicon, p.2739

Other Books - In APA or MLA format

  • Name of author(s) (mandatory)
  • Title of book in italics (mandatory)
  • Translated title of book in square brackets after the title if not in English (optional)
  • Volume when appropriate
  • Name of publisher (mandatory)
  • City of publication, e.g. London: Routledge (optional)
  • Year of publication of the edition you are citing
  • Original year of publication in square brackets, e.g. 2017 [1972] (optional)
  • Chapter or page numbers cited, if appropriate
  • Edition, if not the first edition
  • ISBN (optional)

Article

  • Name of the author(s) (mandatory)
  • Title of the article within quotation marks (mandatory)
  • Year
  • Name of the journal in italics (mandatory)
  • Volume number, issue number, and page numbers

Web page

  • URL (mandatory)
  • Name of the author(s) (mandatory)
  • Title of the article within quotation marks (mandatory)
  • Title or domain name of the website
  • Publisher, if known
  • Date of publication
  • Page number(s) (if applicable)
  • Date retrieved (or accessed) the web page (required if the publication date is unknown)

Video

  • Director (mandatory)
  • Producer, if relevant (mandatory)
  • Names of major performers
  • Title of the episode in quotation marks (mandatory)
  • Title of the film or TV series in italics
  • Name of the studio (mandatory)
  • Year of release
  • Medium (for example: film, videocassette, DVD)
  • Approximate time at which event or point of interest occurs, where appropriate

Music/Sound

  • Composer(s), songwriter(s), script writer(s), etc… (mandatory)
  • Performer(s) (mandatory)
  • Title of the song or individual track in quotation marks (mandatory)
  • Title of the album in italics (if applicable)
  • Name of the record label
  • Year of release
  • Medium (for example: LP, audio cassette, CD, MP3 file)
  • Approximate time at which event or point of interest occurs, where appropriate

Linking

Linking is a way to connect Wikiislam pages within the text. If there exists a page on a subject that is brought up within an article it is encouraged to link the page within the text. However, over-linking can be distracting. By rule of thumb only link the first occurrence of the subject being mentioned in the article.

You can link a subject by enclosing it in double brackets [[X]]

Quoting

Using the quote template can provide useful information from primary sources in a direct manner. However too many of them will cause unnecessary clutter in the page. Unless absolutely necessary to keep the flow of the article, do not use the quote template outside the “Relevant Quotations” section. (See Structure Protocol for more details)

The “Relevant Quotations” section will contain the direct relevant quotations from primary scriptures such as Qur’an and hadith. These will only be in quotation template format.

If you must reference something to support a claim, cite it in a footnote. If you must quote a published work outside of the “Relevant Quotations” section use quotation marks and incorporate the quote into the text and include a footnote citation at the end. It may also be justifiable to highlight a certain quote within the main text - if so please use the “Quote-text” template.

Example of cluttered formatting:

Shaykh Gibril Haddad says that the evidence Amjad provided above is false.

Al-Tabari nowhere reports that "Abu Bakr's four children were all born in Jahiliyya" but only that Abu Bakr married both their mothers in Jahiliyya, Qutayla bint Sa`d and Umm Ruman, who bore him four children in all, two each, `A'isha being the daughter of Umm Ruman.

Amended version:

Shaykh Gibril Haddad states that the passage mentioned is misinterpreted, stating "Al-Tabari nowhere reports that 'Abu Bakr's four children were all born in Jahiliyya' but only that Abu Bakr married both their mothers in Jahiliyya, Qutayla bint Sa`d and Umm Ruman, who bore him four children in all, two each, `A'isha being the daughter of Umm Ruman."[7]

See Also

WikiIslam:Formatting

References

  1. Emory C. Bogle (1998), p. 6
  2. John Henry Haaren, Addison B. Poland (1904), p. 83
  3. Brown (2003), pp. 72–73
  4. Wensinck, A.J.; Rippen, A. (2002). "Waḥy". Encyclopaedia of Islam. 11 (2nd ed.). Brill Academic Publishers. p. 54. ISBN 90-04-12756-9.
  5. ...But after a few days Waraqa died and the Divine Inspiration was also paused for a while and the Prophet (Mohammad) became so sad as we have heard that he intended several times to throw himself from the tops of high mountains and every time he went up the top of a mountain in order to throw himself down, Gabriel would appear before him and say, "O Muhammad! You are indeed Allah's Apostle in truth" whereupon his heart would become quiet and he would calm down and would return home. And whenever the period of the coming of the inspiration used to become long, he would do as before, but when he used to reach the top of a mountain, Gabriel would appear before him and say to him what he had said before. Sahih Bukhari 9:87:111
  6. Uri Rubin, Muhammad, Encyclopedia of the Qur'an
  7. Our Mother A'isha's Age At The Time Of Her Marriage to The Prophet Shaykh Gibril Haddad