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Ka'bah: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Kaaba-flood-1941 1.jpg|right|220px|thumb|The Ka'aba was flooded by 5 feet of water in 1941. | [[File:Kaaba-flood-1941 1.jpg|right|220px|thumb|The Ka'aba was flooded by 5 feet of water in 1941.]] | ||
'''The Ka'aba''' (الكعبة, lit. "the Cube") is the holiest mosque in [[Islam]] located in [[Mecca]] ([[Muhammad]]'s city of birth) and is figuratively known as the "House of God" (or ''Bayt Allah'', lit. "House of Allah"). Another name for the Ka'aba is ''Masjid al-Haram'', which means "Mosque of the sanctuary", where "the sanctuary" is the name for the part of the city of Mecca that is considered sanctified. | '''The Ka'aba''' (الكعبة, lit. "the Cube") is the holiest mosque in [[Islam]] located in [[Mecca]] ([[Muhammad]]'s city of birth) and is figuratively known as the "House of God" (or ''Bayt Allah'', lit. "House of Allah"). Another name for the Ka'aba is ''Masjid al-Haram'', which means "Mosque of the sanctuary", where "the sanctuary" is the name for the part of the city of Mecca that is considered sanctified. | ||
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===Black stone=== | ===Black stone=== | ||
{{Main|Black stone|l1=Black stone}}Housed in the eastern corner of the Ka'aba's walls is the [[black stone]], which is known to have been a sacred baetyl revered by the pre-Islamic Arabs. Islamic scriptures teach that the stone fell from heaven and was once completely white, only to be lost during Noah's flood and blackened by the sins of mankind. This stone is then said to have been provided back to [[Ibrahim]] by [[Gabriel]] as Ibrahim was constructing the Ka'aba | {{Main|Black stone|l1=Black stone}}Housed in the eastern corner of the Ka'aba's walls is the [[black stone]], which is known to have been a sacred baetyl revered by the pre-Islamic Arabs. Islamic scriptures teach that the stone fell from heaven and was once completely white, only to be lost during Noah's flood and blackened by the sins of mankind. This stone is then said to have been provided back to [[Ibrahim]] by [[Gabriel]] as Ibrahim was constructing the Ka'aba | ||
===According to historians=== | |||
====Patricia Crone==== | |||
{{Quote|1=[https://books.google.com/books/about/Meccan_Trade_and_the_Rise_of_Islam.html?id=jKVNvgAACAAJ Crone, Patricia (1987). ''Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam''. (p. 192). Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.]|2=Allah is associated with a black stone, and some traditions hold that originally this stone was sacrificial [footnote: It owed its colour to the pagan practice of pouring blood and intestines over it (cf. U. Rubin, "Places of Worship in Mecca"). But as might be expected, there are also other explanations of its colour.]. This suggests that it was the stone rather than the building around it which was <i>bayt allah</i>, the house of god, and this gives us a perfect parallel with the Old Testament <i>bethel</i>. The cult of the Arab god Dusares (Dhu Shara) also seems to have centred on a black sacrificial stone. According to Epiphanius, he was worshipped together with his | |||
mother, the virginal Kaabou, or in other words <i>ka'ib</i> or <i>ka' 'ab</i>, a girl with swelling breasts. A similar arrangement is met in a Nabataean inscription from Petra that speaks of sacrificial stones (<i>nsyb'</i> = <i>ansab</i>) belonging to "the lord of this house" (<i>mr' byt</i>) and al-Uzza, another <i>ka'ib</i> lady. If we assume that <i>bayt</i> and <i>ka'ba</i> alike originally referred to the Meccan stone rather than the building around it, then the lord of the Meccan house was a pagan Allah worshipped in conjunction with a female consort such as al-Uzza and/or other "daughters of God." This would give us a genuinely pagan deity for Quraysh and at the same time explain their devotion to goddesses.}} | |||
The above view is outlined by Crone as a possibility among others (see also: [[Hubal]]). | |||
==Structural history== | ==Structural history== | ||
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{{Hub4|Paganism|Islam and Paganism}} | {{Hub4|Paganism|Islam and Paganism}} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
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*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qarmatians Qarmatians] ''(sect’s leader Ṭāhir Sulaymān, desecrated the Black Stone and Well of Zamzam with Muslim corpses during the Hajj season of 930 CE)'' | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qarmatians Qarmatians] ''(sect’s leader Ṭāhir Sulaymān, desecrated the Black Stone and Well of Zamzam with Muslim corpses during the Hajj season of 930 CE)'' | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Paganism]] | ||
[[Category:Pre-Islamic Arabia]] | |||
[[Category:Sacred history]] | |||
[[Category:Islamic History]] | |||
[[Category:Locations]] | |||
[[Category:Shrines]] | |||
[[Category:Relics]] | |||
[[Category:Ritual]] | |||
[[Category:Sirah]] | |||
[[Category:Heaven]] | |||
[[Category:Allah]] | |||