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Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Music (view source)

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{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}}
{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}}
The Qur'an itself has little to say on the subject of music, though verses below are cited which Islamic scholars generally interpret as referring to the practice. The hadith, though, is very explicit that both making music with instruments and singing is specifically haram. Islamic scholars have, though, made exceptions for the nasheed, a type of religious Islamic song which feature only men's voices in a cappella along with a single instrument, the daf, a type of tamborine with the sound of a drum. This exception, though, appears nowhere in the original scriptures, which simply condemn all forms of singing and music making. Historically and today, a wide range of views exist as to the permissability of music, sometimes arguing that the relevant hadiths are unreliable. Some argue that specific types of instruments are permissable, others that all types are allowed if the music is for halal purposes. Many Sufi orders use music as a form of worship and music commonly plays a role in public religious celebrations in Shi'a Islam.
==Qur'an==
==Qur'an==


===Surah 17:63-64===
===Surah 17:63-64===


{{Quote|{{Quran-range|17|63|64}}|(Allah) said: "Go thy way; if any of them follow thee, verily Hell will be the recompense of you (all)- an ample recompense. "Lead to destruction those whom thou canst among them, '''with thy (seductive) voice'''; ... }}
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|17|63|64}}|[Allah] said, "Go, for whoever of them follows you, indeed Hell will be the recompense of you - an ample recompense. And incite [to senselessness] whoever you can among them with your voice and assault them with your horses and foot soldiers and become a partner in their wealth and their children and promise them." But Satan does not promise them except delusion.
}}


===Surah 31:6===
===Surah 31:6===
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====Fiqh====
====Fiqh====


{{Quote|[http://www.shafiifiqh.com/maktabah/relianceoftraveller.pdf Reliance of the Traveller: A Classic Manual of Islamic Sacred Law]<BR>Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri, Edited and Translated by Nuh Ha Mim Keller|MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
{{Quote|[https://web.archive.org/web/20110612154809/http://www.shafiifiqh.com/maktabah/relianceoftraveller.pdf Reliance of the Traveller: A Classic Manual of Islamic Sacred Law]<BR>Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri, Edited and Translated by Nuh Ha Mim Keller|MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS


'''r40.1''' (Ibn Hajar Haytami:) As for the condemnation of musical instruments, flutes, strings, and the like by the Truthful and Trustworthy (Allah bless him and give him peace), who
'''r40.1''' (Ibn Hajar Haytami:) As for the condemnation of musical instruments, flutes, strings, and the like by the Truthful and Trustworthy (Allah bless him and give him peace), who
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====Al Munajjid====
====Al Munajjid====


{{Quote|1=[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.islam-qa.com/en/ref/5000|2=2011-11-30}} Ruling on music, singing and dancing]<BR>Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 5000|2=Ma’aazif is the plural of mi’zafah, and refers to musical instruments (Fath al-Baari, 10/55), instruments which are played (al-Majmoo’, 11/577). Al-Qurtubi (may Allaah have mercy on him) narrated from al-Jawhari (may Allaah have mercy on him) that ma’aazif means singing. In his Sihaah  it says that it means musical instruments. It was also said that it refers to the sound of the instruments. In al-Hawaashi by al-Dimyaati (may Allaah have mercy on him) it says: ma’aazif means drums (dufoof, sing. daff) and other instruments which are struck or beaten (Fath al-Baari, 10/55).
{{Quote|1=[{{https://islamqa.info/en/answers/5000/is-music-haram}} Ruling on music, singing and dancing]<BR>Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 5000|2=Ma’aazif is the plural of mi’zafah, and refers to musical instruments (Fath al-Baari, 10/55), instruments which are played (al-Majmoo’, 11/577). Al-Qurtubi (may Allaah have mercy on him) narrated from al-Jawhari (may Allaah have mercy on him) that ma’aazif means singing. In his Sihaah  it says that it means musical instruments. It was also said that it refers to the sound of the instruments. In al-Hawaashi by al-Dimyaati (may Allaah have mercy on him) it says: ma’aazif means drums (dufoof, sing. daff) and other instruments which are struck or beaten (Fath al-Baari, 10/55).


Evidence of prohibition in the Qur’aan and Sunnah:  
Evidence of prohibition in the Qur’aan and Sunnah:  
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====Al Kawthari====
====Al Kawthari====


{{Quote|1=[http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=1786 Music and Singing: A Detailed Fatwa]<BR>Shaykh Muhammad ibn Adam al-Kawthari, SunniPath, Question ID:1786|2=The worst case scenario in the event of being inflicted with a disease is when the one involved refuses to believe that he has been inflicted with that disease. The way this phenomenon is accepted and recognised in diseases and illnesses that affect the physical body, it is also true with regards to spiritual diseases and ailments.
{{Quote|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20130515144829/http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=1786 Music and Singing: A Detailed Fatwa]<BR>Shaykh Muhammad ibn Adam al-Kawthari, SunniPath, Question ID:1786|2=The worst case scenario in the event of being inflicted with a disease is when the one involved refuses to believe that he has been inflicted with that disease. The way this phenomenon is accepted and recognised in diseases and illnesses that affect the physical body, it is also true with regards to spiritual diseases and ailments.


When a person commits a sin (may Allah save us all) believing that a sin is being committed and feels regret and remorse in the heart, then this is far better then committing the sin and believing it to be lawful (halal). In the former situation, only one sin is being committed, and it is very likely that the individual may repent out of the remorse felt in the heart. In the latter case, however, in addition to the sin being committed, there is the greater sin of trying to justify it. Normally, such an individual does not receive the guidance to repent from his sin. (May Allah save us all, Ameen).
When a person commits a sin (may Allah save us all) believing that a sin is being committed and feels regret and remorse in the heart, then this is far better then committing the sin and believing it to be lawful (halal). In the former situation, only one sin is being committed, and it is very likely that the individual may repent out of the remorse felt in the heart. In the latter case, however, in addition to the sin being committed, there is the greater sin of trying to justify it. Normally, such an individual does not receive the guidance to repent from his sin. (May Allah save us all, Ameen).
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==Shia scholars==
==Shia scholars==
{{Quote||1: Question: Is music Halaal or Haraam in Islam?
{{Quote|{{cite web|url=http://www.english.shirazi.ir/topics/music |title=Music |publisher= |author=Ayatollah Sayed Sadiq Hussaini al-Shirazi |date= |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703071823/http://www.english.shirazi.ir/topics/music |deadurl=no}}|1. Question: Is music Halaal or Haraam in Islam?
 
According to the clear hadith from the infallible Imams (AS), '''Music is Haraam. On this basis, the Fatwa (decree) of Ayatollah Imam Muhammad Shirazi is that Music is Haraam. This includes listening to music, playing musical instruments, and buying or selling such instruments. Any kind of music, which would be in the category of being "moving" music, is Haraam. Furthermore, the music that could be categorised as "not moving", but played by the same or similar instruments, is also Haraam. In short, music is Haraam whether or not it could be categorised as "moving". Along the same line, the "music of the human voice", i.e. singing, even without the playing of musical instruments, is also Haraam. This is so, to the extent that even if the Qur'an is recited in a "singing" manner, this action is regarded as Haraam.''' Needles to say, in Islam one is encouraged, according to many hadith, to recite the Qur'an in the "best manner" to the extent that the listener would be touched by it, and that listening to this recitation would create humility in one's heart before Allah (SWT). But this is different from when one is "singing" the Qur'an. It may be asked, "How do we differentiate between the singing of the Qur'an and the recitation or TILAWAH of the Qur'an?" The answer is this is determined by the 'URF which is the "common definition amongst the public" or the "general consensus". If the recitation of the Qur'an is seen as "recitation" and "TILAWAH" then it is Halaal, and if it is seen and regarded as "singing", then that singing of the Qur'an is Haraam. Some may call the sound of sea waves, waterfall, willowing wind, etc. to be music. If this is the case then this kind of "music" is Halaal! Provided that it is not accompanied by the conventional singing or the playing of conventional musical instrument(s).
 
...
 
9. Question: What type of listening music is allowed in Islam?


According to the clear hadith from the infallible Imams (AS), '''Music is Haraam. On this basis, the Fatwa (decree) of Ayatollah Imam Muhammad Shirazi is that Music is Haraam. This includes listening to music, playing musical instruments, and buying or selling such instruments. Any kind of music, which would be in the category of being "moving" music, is Haraam. Furthermore, the music that could be categorised as "not moving", but played by the same or similar instruments, is also Haraam. In short, music is Haraam whether or not it could be categorised as "moving". Along the same line, the "music of the human voice", i.e. singing, even without the playing of musical instruments, is also Haraam. This is so, to the extent that even if the Qur'an is recited in a "singing" manner, this action is regarded as Haraam.''' Needles to say, in Islam one is encouraged, according to many hadith, to recite the Qur'an in the "best manner" to the extent that the listener would be touched by it, and that listening to this recitation would create humility in one's heart before Allah (SWT). But this is different from when one is "singing" the Qur'an. It may be asked, "How do we differentiate between the singing of the Qur'an and the recitation or TILAWAH of the Qur'an?" The answer is this is determined by the 'URF which is the "common definition amongst the public" or the "general consensus". If the recitation of the Qur'an is seen as "recitation" and "TILAWAH" then it is Halaal, and if it is seen and regarded as "singing", then that singing of the Qur'an is Haraam. Some may call the sound of sea waves, waterfall, willowing wind, etc. to be music. If this is the case then this kind of "music" is Halaal! Provided that it is not accompanied by the conventional singing or the playing of conventional musical instrument(s).}}
All types of music are Haraam in Islam.}}


==See Also==
==See Also==
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[[Category:QHS]]
[[Category:QHS]]
[[Category:Art and music]]
[[Category:Shariah (Islamic Law)]]
[[Category:Fiqh (legal theory)]]
[[ar:القرآن_والحديث_والعلماء:_الموسيقى]]
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