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Jihad in Islamic Law: Difference between revisions
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'''Explanation of verse 2:193''' | '''Explanation of verse 2:193''' | ||
{{Quote| | {{Quote|{{cite web quotebox|url=http://www.qtafsir.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2567&Itemid=/ |title= The Order to fight People of the Scriptures until They give the Jizyah|}}<BR>Tafsir ibn Kathir|(Fight against those who believe not in Allah, nor in the Last Day, nor forbid that which has been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, and those who acknowledge not the religion of truth among the People of the Scripture,) | ||
This honorable Ayah was revealed with the order to fight the People of the Book, after the pagans were defeated, the people entered Allah's religion in large numbers, and the Arabian Peninsula was secured under the Muslims' control. Allah commanded His Messenger to fight the People of the Scriptures, Jews and Christians, on the ninth year of Hijrah, and he prepared his army to fight the Romans and called the people to Jihad announcing his intent and destination. The Messenger sent his intent to various Arab areas around Al-Madinah to gather forces, and he collected an army of thirty thousand. Some people from Al-Madinah and some hypocrites, in and around it, lagged behind, for that year was a year of drought and intense heat. The Messenger of Allah marched, heading towards Ash-Sham to fight the Romans until he reached Tabuk, where he set camp for about twenty days next to its water resources. He then prayed to Allah for a decision and went back to Al-Madinah because it was a hard year and the people were weak, as we will mention, Allah willing.}} | This honorable Ayah was revealed with the order to fight the People of the Book, after the pagans were defeated, the people entered Allah's religion in large numbers, and the Arabian Peninsula was secured under the Muslims' control. Allah commanded His Messenger to fight the People of the Scriptures, Jews and Christians, on the ninth year of Hijrah, and he prepared his army to fight the Romans and called the people to Jihad announcing his intent and destination. The Messenger sent his intent to various Arab areas around Al-Madinah to gather forces, and he collected an army of thirty thousand. Some people from Al-Madinah and some hypocrites, in and around it, lagged behind, for that year was a year of drought and intense heat. The Messenger of Allah marched, heading towards Ash-Sham to fight the Romans until he reached Tabuk, where he set camp for about twenty days next to its water resources. He then prayed to Allah for a decision and went back to Al-Madinah because it was a hard year and the people were weak, as we will mention, Allah willing.}} | ||
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{{Quote|Sahih Bukhari, 5:59:435| | {{Quote|Sahih Bukhari, 5:59:435| | ||
On the day of Al-Ahzab (i.e. clans) the Prophet said, (After this battle) we will go to attack them (i.e. the infidels) and they will not come to attack us." [http://www. | On the day of Al-Ahzab (i.e. clans) the Prophet said, (After this battle) we will go to attack them (i.e. the infidels) and they will not come to attack us." [http://www.quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-5/Book-59/Hadith-435 Sahih Bukhari, 5:59:435] }} | ||
===Actions of the Khalifa=== | ===Actions of the Khalifa=== | ||
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{{Quote|[http://quran.com/2/190 Surat Al-Baqarah (The Cow) 2:190]<BR>Tafsir al-Jalalayn|this stipulation was abrogated by the verse of barā’a, ‘immunity’ [Q. 9:1], or by His saying [below]:}} | {{Quote|[http://quran.com/2/190 Surat Al-Baqarah (The Cow) 2:190]<BR>Tafsir al-Jalalayn|this stipulation was abrogated by the verse of barā’a, ‘immunity’ [Q. 9:1], or by His saying [below]:}} | ||
==The Best Jihad is The Inner Struggle?== | ==The Best Jihad is The Inner Struggle?== | ||
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===Scholars=== | ===Scholars=== | ||
'''Dr. | '''Dr. Abdullah Yusuf Azzam''' | ||
{{Quote|[http://www.religioscope.com/info/doc/jihad/azzam_caravan_6_conclusion.htm Conclusion]<BR>Imam Abdullah Azzam, Join the Caravan|"is in fact a false, fabricated hadith which has no basis. It is only a saying of Ibrahim Ibn Abi `Abalah, one of the Successors, and it contradicts textual evidence and reality....The word "jihad", when mentioned on its own, only means combat with weapons, as was mentioned by Ibn Rushd, and upon this the four Imams have agreed."}} | {{Quote|[http://www.religioscope.com/info/doc/jihad/azzam_caravan_6_conclusion.htm Conclusion]<BR>Imam Abdullah Azzam, Join the Caravan|"is in fact a false, fabricated hadith which has no basis. It is only a saying of Ibrahim Ibn Abi `Abalah, one of the Successors, and it contradicts textual evidence and reality....The word "jihad", when mentioned on its own, only means combat with weapons, as was mentioned by Ibn Rushd, and upon this the four Imams have agreed."}} | ||
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{{Quote||In Al Mughni by Ibn al Qadamah: "Jihad becomes Fard Ayn in three situations: | {{Quote||In Al Mughni by Ibn al Qadamah: "Jihad becomes Fard Ayn in three situations: | ||
1) If the two sides meet in battle and they approach each other. | 1) If the two sides meet in battle and they approach each other. | ||
2) If the Kuffar enter a land, jihad becomes Fard Ayn upon its people. | 2) If the Kuffar enter a land, jihad becomes Fard Ayn upon its people. | ||
3) If the Imam calls a people to march forward it is obligatory upon them to | 3) If the Imam calls a people to march forward it is obligatory upon them to march forward.<ref name="Islamic Emirate"></ref>}} | ||
march forward.<ref name="Islamic Emirate"></ref>}} | |||
==If They Incline Towards Peace, You Must Incline Towards Peace?== | ==If They Incline Towards Peace, You Must Incline Towards Peace?== | ||