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Coran, hadith et savants : Les Banu Qurayza: Difference between revisions
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==Hadiths== | ==Hadiths== | ||
{{Quote|{{Muslim|26|5557}}|Abu as-Sa’ib, l’esclave affranchi de Hisham b. Zuhra, a déclaré qu’il a rendu visite à Abu Sa’id al-Khudri chez lui, (et a poursuivi) en disant :<br> | {{Quote|{{Muslim|26|5557}}|Abu as-Sa’ib, l’esclave affranchi de Hisham b. Zuhra, a déclaré qu’il a rendu visite à Abu Sa’id al-Khudri chez lui, (et a poursuivi) en disant :<br> | ||
</br>Je l’ai trouvé en train de dire sa prière, alors je me suis assis en attendant qu’il la termine quand j’ai entendu de l’agitation dans les faisceaux (de bois) gisant dans un coin de la maison. J’ai regardé en direction du bruit et j’ai trouvé un serpent. J’ai bondi pour le tuer, mais il (Abu Sa’id al-Khudri) a fait un geste pour que je m’assoie. Alors, je me suis assis et pendant qu’il finissait (la prière), il a montré une pièce de la maison et a dit : "Vois-tu cette pièce ?" J’ai dit : "Oui." Il a dit : Il y avait un jeune homme parmi nous qui venait de se marier. Nous sommes allés avec le Messager d’Allah (ﷺ) (pour participer à la bataille) de la Tranchée quand un jeune homme à la mi-journée avait l’habitude de demander la permission au Messager d’Allah (ﷺ) pour retourner dans sa famille. Un jour, il lui a demandé la permission et le Messager d’Allah (ﷺ) (après la lui avoir accordée) lui a dit : "Emporte tes armes avec toi car je crains que la tribu des Qurayza (te nuise)." L’homme emporta les armes, puis revint et trouva sa femme se tenant entre les deux portes. Il se pencha vers elle, frappé de jalousie, et s’élança dans sa direction pour la poignarder avec une lance. Elle dit : "Eloigne ta lance et entre dans la maison jusqu’à ce que tu voies ce qui m’a fait sortir." Il entra et trouva un énorme serpent enroulé sur la literie. Il s’élança avec la lance et le transperça, puis sortit après l’avoir accroché dans la maison, mais le serpent frémit et l’attaqua, et personne ne sut lequel d’entre eux mourut le premier, le serpent ou le jeune homme. Nous sommes allés voir l’Apôtre d’Allah (ﷺ) pour lui en faire mention et avons dit : "Supplie Allah pour que cet (homme) puisse être ramené à la vie." Dès lors, il dit : "Demandez pardon pour votre compagnon, puis ajouta : il y a à Médine des djinns qui ont accepté l’Islam, donc quand vous voyez l’un d’eux, prononcez-lui un avertissement pendant trois jours, et s’il apparait devant vous après cela, alors tuez-le car c’est un diable."}}{{Quote|{{Bukhari|5|57|66}} et {{Muslim|31|5940}}|Rapporté par Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr :<br>Au cours de la bataille d’Al-Ahzab, Omar ibn Abi Salama et moi étions restés à l’arrière avec les femmes. Regardez ! J’ai vu (mon père) Az-Zubair monter à cheval et faire deux ou trois fois des allées et venues de chez les Banu Qurayza. Alors, quand je suis revenu, j’ai dit : "Ô mon père ! T’ai-je vu faire des allées et venues de chez les Banu Qurayza ?" Il a répondu : "M’as-tu vraiment vu, ô mon fils ?" J’ai dit : "Oui." Il a dit : "Le Messager d’Allah (ﷺ) a dit : « Qui veut aller chez les Banu Qurayza et m’apporter de leurs nouvelles ? » J’y suis donc allé, et quand je suis revenu, l’Apôtre d’Allah a mentionné pour moi ses deux parents en disant : "Que mon père et ma mère soient sacrifiés pour toi."</br><br> | </br><i>Je l’ai trouvé en train de dire sa prière, alors je me suis assis en attendant qu’il la termine quand j’ai entendu de l’agitation dans les faisceaux (de bois) gisant dans un coin de la maison. J’ai regardé en direction du bruit et j’ai trouvé un serpent. J’ai bondi pour le tuer, mais il (Abu Sa’id al-Khudri) a fait un geste pour que je m’assoie. Alors, je me suis assis et pendant qu’il finissait (la prière), il a montré une pièce de la maison et a dit : "Vois-tu cette pièce ?" J’ai dit : "Oui." Il a dit : Il y avait un jeune homme parmi nous qui venait de se marier. Nous sommes allés avec le Messager d’Allah (ﷺ) (pour participer à la bataille) de la Tranchée quand un jeune homme à la mi-journée avait l’habitude de demander la permission au Messager d’Allah (ﷺ) pour retourner dans sa famille. Un jour, il lui a demandé la permission et le Messager d’Allah (ﷺ) (après la lui avoir accordée) lui a dit : "Emporte tes armes avec toi car je crains que la tribu des Qurayza (te nuise)." L’homme emporta les armes, puis revint et trouva sa femme se tenant entre les deux portes. Il se pencha vers elle, frappé de jalousie, et s’élança dans sa direction pour la poignarder avec une lance. Elle dit : "Eloigne ta lance et entre dans la maison jusqu’à ce que tu voies ce qui m’a fait sortir." Il entra et trouva un énorme serpent enroulé sur la literie. Il s’élança avec la lance et le transperça, puis sortit après l’avoir accroché dans la maison, mais le serpent frémit et l’attaqua, et personne ne sut lequel d’entre eux mourut le premier, le serpent ou le jeune homme. Nous sommes allés voir l’Apôtre d’Allah (ﷺ) pour lui en faire mention et avons dit : "Supplie Allah pour que cet (homme) puisse être ramené à la vie." Dès lors, il dit : "Demandez pardon pour votre compagnon, puis ajouta : il y a à Médine des djinns qui ont accepté l’Islam, donc quand vous voyez l’un d’eux, prononcez-lui un avertissement pendant trois jours, et s’il apparait devant vous après cela, alors tuez-le car c’est un diable."</i>}}{{Quote|{{Bukhari|5|57|66}} et {{Muslim|31|5940}}|Rapporté par Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr :<br><i>Au cours de la bataille d’Al-Ahzab, Omar ibn Abi Salama et moi étions restés à l’arrière avec les femmes. Regardez ! J’ai vu (mon père) Az-Zubair monter à cheval et faire deux ou trois fois des allées et venues de chez les Banu Qurayza. Alors, quand je suis revenu, j’ai dit : "Ô mon père ! T’ai-je vu faire des allées et venues de chez les Banu Qurayza ?" Il a répondu : "M’as-tu vraiment vu, ô mon fils ?" J’ai dit : "Oui." Il a dit : "Le Messager d’Allah (ﷺ) a dit : « Qui veut aller chez les Banu Qurayza et m’apporter de leurs nouvelles ? » J’y suis donc allé, et quand je suis revenu, l’Apôtre d’Allah a mentionné pour moi ses deux parents en disant : "Que mon père et ma mère soient sacrifiés pour toi."</i></br><br> | ||
Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr a rapporté le jour de la bataille de la Tranchée : | Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr a rapporté le jour de la bataille de la Tranchée : <br><i>Omar ibn Abi Salama et moi étions avec des femmes dans le fort de Hassan (ibn Thabit). À un moment donné, il s’est penché vers moi et j’ai jeté un coup d’œil puis, à un autre moment, je me suis penché vers lui et il regardait et j’ai reconnu mon père alors qu’il montait sur son cheval avec ses armes vers la tribu des Qurayza. Abdullah ibn Urwa a rapporté d’Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr : J’ai parlé de cela à mon père, après quoi il a dit : "Mon fils, m’as-tu vu (à cette occasion) ?" Il a dit : "Oui." Ensuite, il a dit : "Par Allah, le Messager d’Allah (ﷺ) s’est adressé à moi en disant : « Je sacrifierais pour toi mon père et ma mère. »"</i>}}{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|52|68}}, See Also: {{bukhari|5|59|443}}, {{Muslim|19|4370}} | ||
Omar ibn Abi Salama et moi étions avec des femmes dans le fort de Hassan (ibn Thabit). À un moment donné, il s’est penché vers moi et j’ai jeté un coup d’œil puis, à un autre moment, je me suis penché vers lui et il regardait et j’ai reconnu mon père alors qu’il montait sur son cheval avec ses armes vers la tribu des Qurayza. Abdullah ibn Urwa a rapporté d’Abd Allah ibn az-Zubayr : J’ai parlé de cela à mon père, après quoi il a dit : "Mon fils, m’as-tu vu (à cette occasion) ?" Il a dit : "Oui." Ensuite, il a dit : "Par Allah, le Messager d’Allah (ﷺ) s’est adressé à moi en disant : « Je sacrifierais pour toi mon père et ma mère. »"}}{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|52|68}}, See Also: {{bukhari|5|59|443}}, {{Muslim|19|4370}} | |||
|Narrated 'Aisha: When Allah's Apostle returned on the day (of the battle) of Al-Khandaq (i.e. Trench), he put down his arms and took a bath. Then Gabriel whose head was covered with dust, came to him saying, "You have put down your arms! By Allah, I have not put down my arms yet." Allah's Apostle said, "Where (to go now)?" Gabriel said, "This way," pointing towards the tribe of Bani Quraiza. So Allah's Apostle went out towards them.}}{{Quote|{{bukhari|5|59|444}}|Narrated Anas ibn Malik: As if I am just now looking at the dust rising in the street of Banu Ghanm (in Medina) because of the marching of Gabriel's regiment when Allah's Apostle set out to Banu Qurayza (to attack them). }}{{Quote|{{bukhari|2|14|68}}|Narrated Anas bin Malik: Allah's Messenger offered the Fajr prayer when it was still dark, then he rode and said, 'Allah Akbar! Khaibar is ruined. When we approach near to a nation, the most unfortunate is the morning of those who have been warned." The people came out into the streets saying, "Muhammad and his army." Allah's Messenger vanquished them by force and their warriors were killed; the children and women were taken as captives. Safiya was taken by Dihya Al-Kalbi and later she belonged to Allah's Apostle go who married her and her Mahr was her manumission. }}{{Quote|{{bukhari|1|8|367}}|Narrated `Abdul `Aziz: Anas said, 'When Allah's Messenger invaded Khaibar, we offered the Fajr prayer there (early in the morning) when it was still dark. The Prophet rode and Abu Talha rode too and I was riding behind Abu Talha. The Prophet passed through the lane of Khaibar quickly and my knee was touching the thigh of the Prophet. He uncovered his thigh and I saw the whiteness of the thigh of the Prophet. When he entered the town, he said, 'Allahu Akbar! Khaibar is ruined. Whenever we approach near a (hostile) nation (to fight) then evil will be the morning of those who have been warned.' He repeated this thrice. The people came out for their jobs and some of them said, 'Muhammad (has come).' (Some of our companions added, "With his army.") We conquered Khaibar, took the captives, and the booty was collected. Dihya came and said, 'O Allah's Prophet! Give me a slave girl from the captives.' The Prophet said, 'Go and take any slave girl.' He took Safiya bint Huyay. A man came to the Prophet and said, 'O Allah's Messenger! You gave Safiya bint Huyay to Dihya and she is the chief mistress of the tribes of Qurayzah and An-Nadir and she befits none but you.' So the Prophet said, 'Bring him along with her.' So Dihya came with her and when the Prophet (ﷺ) saw her, he said to Dihya, 'Take any slave girl other than her from the captives.' Anas added: The Prophet then manumitted her and married her." Thabit asked Anas, "O Abu Hamza! What did the Prophet pay her (as Mahr)?" He said, "Her self was her Mahr for he manumitted her and then married her." Anas added, "While on the way, Um Sulaim dressed her for marriage (ceremony) and at night she sent her as a bride to the Prophet. So the Prophet was a bridegroom and he said, 'Whoever has anything (food) should bring it.' He spread out a leather sheet (for the food) and some brought dates and others cooking butter. (I think he (Anas) mentioned As-Sawaq). So they prepared a dish of Hais (a kind of meal). And that was Walima (the marriage banquet) of Allah's Messenger." }}{{Quote|{{bukhari|5|59|445}}, See Also: {{muslim|19|4374}}|Narrated Abd-Allah ibn Umar: On the day of Al-Ahzab (i.e. Clans) the Prophet said, "None of you Muslims) should offer the 'Asr prayer but at Banu Qurayza's place." The 'Asr prayer became due for some of them on the way. Some of those said, "We will not offer it till we reach it, the place of Banu Quraiza," while some others said, "No, we will pray at this spot, for the Prophet did not mean that for us." Later on it was mentioned to the Prophet and he did not berate any of the two groups. }}{{Quote|{{bukhari|4|52|280}}, See Also: {{bukhari|5|58|148}}, {{Bukhari|8|74|278}}, {{muslim|19|4368}}, {{muslim|19|4369}}|Narrated Abu-Sa'id al-Khudri: When the tribe of Banu Qurayza was ready to accept Sad's judgment, Allah's Apostle sent for Sad who was near to him. Sad came, riding a donkey and when he came near, Allah's Apostle said (to the Ansar), "Stand up for your leader." Then Sad came and sat beside Allah's Apostle who said to him. "These people are ready to accept your judgment." Sad said, "I give the judgment that their warriors should be killed and their children and women should be taken as prisoners." The Prophet then remarked, "O Sad! You have judged amongst them with (or similar to) the judgment of the King Allah." }}{{Quote|{{bukhari|5|59|362}}, See Also: {{muslim|19|4364}}|Narrated Abd-Allah ibn Umar: Banu Nadir and Banu Qurayza fought (against the Prophet violating their peace treaty), so the Prophet exiled Bani An-Nadir and allowed Bani Quraiza to remain at their places (in Medina) taking nothing from them till they fought against the Prophet again). He then killed their men and distributed their women, children and property among the Muslims, but some of them came to the Prophet and he granted them safety, and they embraced Islam. He exiled all the Jews from Medina. They were the Jews of Banu Qaynuqa, the tribe of Abdullah bin Salam and the Jews of Bani Haritha and all the other Jews of Medina. }}{{Quote|{{Abudawud|14|2665}}|Narrated Aisha: No woman of Banu Qurayza was killed except one. She was with me, talking and laughing on her back and belly (extremely), while the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) was killing her people with the swords. Suddenly a man called her name: Where is so-and-so? She said: I I asked: What is the matter with you? She said: I did a new act. She said: The man took her and beheaded her. She said: I will not forget that she was laughing extremely although she knew that she would be killed. }}{{Quote|{{Abudawud|38|4390}}|Narrated Atiyyah al-Qurazi: I was among the captives of Banu Qurayza. They (the Companions) examined us, and those who had begun to grow hair (pubes) were killed, and those who had not were not killed. I was among those who had not grown hair. }}{{Quote|{{Ibn Majah|20|3|20|2541}}|It was narrated that 'Abdul-Malik bin`Umair said: “I heard 'Atiyyah Al-Quazi say: 'We were presented to the Messenger of Allah on the Day of Quraizah. Those whose public hair had grown were killed, and those whose public hair had not yet grown were let go. I was one of those whose pubic hair had not yet grown, so I was let go.” (Sahih)}}{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. VIII|ISBN=0-7914-3149-5|Year=1997|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor=Michael Fishbein|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n2028/mode/2up|page=39}} | |Narrated 'Aisha: When Allah's Apostle returned on the day (of the battle) of Al-Khandaq (i.e. Trench), he put down his arms and took a bath. Then Gabriel whose head was covered with dust, came to him saying, "You have put down your arms! By Allah, I have not put down my arms yet." Allah's Apostle said, "Where (to go now)?" Gabriel said, "This way," pointing towards the tribe of Bani Quraiza. So Allah's Apostle went out towards them.}}{{Quote|{{bukhari|5|59|444}}|Narrated Anas ibn Malik: As if I am just now looking at the dust rising in the street of Banu Ghanm (in Medina) because of the marching of Gabriel's regiment when Allah's Apostle set out to Banu Qurayza (to attack them). }}{{Quote|{{bukhari|2|14|68}}|Narrated Anas bin Malik: Allah's Messenger offered the Fajr prayer when it was still dark, then he rode and said, 'Allah Akbar! Khaibar is ruined. When we approach near to a nation, the most unfortunate is the morning of those who have been warned." The people came out into the streets saying, "Muhammad and his army." Allah's Messenger vanquished them by force and their warriors were killed; the children and women were taken as captives. Safiya was taken by Dihya Al-Kalbi and later she belonged to Allah's Apostle go who married her and her Mahr was her manumission. }}{{Quote|{{bukhari|1|8|367}}|Narrated `Abdul `Aziz: Anas said, 'When Allah's Messenger invaded Khaibar, we offered the Fajr prayer there (early in the morning) when it was still dark. The Prophet rode and Abu Talha rode too and I was riding behind Abu Talha. The Prophet passed through the lane of Khaibar quickly and my knee was touching the thigh of the Prophet. He uncovered his thigh and I saw the whiteness of the thigh of the Prophet. When he entered the town, he said, 'Allahu Akbar! Khaibar is ruined. Whenever we approach near a (hostile) nation (to fight) then evil will be the morning of those who have been warned.' He repeated this thrice. The people came out for their jobs and some of them said, 'Muhammad (has come).' (Some of our companions added, "With his army.") We conquered Khaibar, took the captives, and the booty was collected. Dihya came and said, 'O Allah's Prophet! Give me a slave girl from the captives.' The Prophet said, 'Go and take any slave girl.' He took Safiya bint Huyay. A man came to the Prophet and said, 'O Allah's Messenger! You gave Safiya bint Huyay to Dihya and she is the chief mistress of the tribes of Qurayzah and An-Nadir and she befits none but you.' So the Prophet said, 'Bring him along with her.' So Dihya came with her and when the Prophet (ﷺ) saw her, he said to Dihya, 'Take any slave girl other than her from the captives.' Anas added: The Prophet then manumitted her and married her." Thabit asked Anas, "O Abu Hamza! What did the Prophet pay her (as Mahr)?" He said, "Her self was her Mahr for he manumitted her and then married her." Anas added, "While on the way, Um Sulaim dressed her for marriage (ceremony) and at night she sent her as a bride to the Prophet. So the Prophet was a bridegroom and he said, 'Whoever has anything (food) should bring it.' He spread out a leather sheet (for the food) and some brought dates and others cooking butter. (I think he (Anas) mentioned As-Sawaq). So they prepared a dish of Hais (a kind of meal). And that was Walima (the marriage banquet) of Allah's Messenger." }}{{Quote|{{bukhari|5|59|445}}, See Also: {{muslim|19|4374}}|Narrated Abd-Allah ibn Umar: On the day of Al-Ahzab (i.e. Clans) the Prophet said, "None of you Muslims) should offer the 'Asr prayer but at Banu Qurayza's place." The 'Asr prayer became due for some of them on the way. Some of those said, "We will not offer it till we reach it, the place of Banu Quraiza," while some others said, "No, we will pray at this spot, for the Prophet did not mean that for us." Later on it was mentioned to the Prophet and he did not berate any of the two groups. }}{{Quote|{{bukhari|4|52|280}}, See Also: {{bukhari|5|58|148}}, {{Bukhari|8|74|278}}, {{muslim|19|4368}}, {{muslim|19|4369}}|Narrated Abu-Sa'id al-Khudri: When the tribe of Banu Qurayza was ready to accept Sad's judgment, Allah's Apostle sent for Sad who was near to him. Sad came, riding a donkey and when he came near, Allah's Apostle said (to the Ansar), "Stand up for your leader." Then Sad came and sat beside Allah's Apostle who said to him. "These people are ready to accept your judgment." Sad said, "I give the judgment that their warriors should be killed and their children and women should be taken as prisoners." The Prophet then remarked, "O Sad! You have judged amongst them with (or similar to) the judgment of the King Allah." }}{{Quote|{{bukhari|5|59|362}}, See Also: {{muslim|19|4364}}|Narrated Abd-Allah ibn Umar: Banu Nadir and Banu Qurayza fought (against the Prophet violating their peace treaty), so the Prophet exiled Bani An-Nadir and allowed Bani Quraiza to remain at their places (in Medina) taking nothing from them till they fought against the Prophet again). He then killed their men and distributed their women, children and property among the Muslims, but some of them came to the Prophet and he granted them safety, and they embraced Islam. He exiled all the Jews from Medina. They were the Jews of Banu Qaynuqa, the tribe of Abdullah bin Salam and the Jews of Bani Haritha and all the other Jews of Medina. }}{{Quote|{{Abudawud|14|2665}}|Narrated Aisha: No woman of Banu Qurayza was killed except one. She was with me, talking and laughing on her back and belly (extremely), while the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) was killing her people with the swords. Suddenly a man called her name: Where is so-and-so? She said: I I asked: What is the matter with you? She said: I did a new act. She said: The man took her and beheaded her. She said: I will not forget that she was laughing extremely although she knew that she would be killed. }}{{Quote|{{Abudawud|38|4390}}|Narrated Atiyyah al-Qurazi: I was among the captives of Banu Qurayza. They (the Companions) examined us, and those who had begun to grow hair (pubes) were killed, and those who had not were not killed. I was among those who had not grown hair. }}{{Quote|{{Ibn Majah|20|3|20|2541}}|It was narrated that 'Abdul-Malik bin`Umair said: “I heard 'Atiyyah Al-Quazi say: 'We were presented to the Messenger of Allah on the Day of Quraizah. Those whose public hair had grown were killed, and those whose public hair had not yet grown were let go. I was one of those whose pubic hair had not yet grown, so I was let go.” (Sahih)}}{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. VIII|ISBN=0-7914-3149-5|Year=1997|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor=Michael Fishbein|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n2028/mode/2up|page=39}} | ||