822
edits
Science and the Seven Earths: Difference between revisions
m
→The universe as day and night: Made some minor cosmetic changes to clarify and highlight the last point.
| [checked revision] | [checked revision] |
(→Qur'an and Sunnah: I have added another Bukhari hadith on this topic to the page, explicitly stating people will sink down the seven earths) |
m (→The universe as day and night: Made some minor cosmetic changes to clarify and highlight the last point.) |
||
| (3 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 34: | Line 34: | ||
Muhammad b. Ibrahim said that Abu Salama reported to him that there was between him and his people dispute over a piece of land, and he came to 'A'isha and mentioned that to her, whereupon she said: | Muhammad b. Ibrahim said that Abu Salama reported to him that there was between him and his people dispute over a piece of land, and he came to 'A'isha and mentioned that to her, whereupon she said: | ||
Abu Salama, abstain from getting this land, for Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: He who usurps even a span of land would be made to wear around his neck seven earths.}} | Abu Salama, abstain from getting this land, for Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: He who usurps even a span of land would be made to wear around his neck seven earths.}}{{Quote|{{cite web| url=https://sunnah.com/mishkat:2960 | title=Mishkat al-Masabih 2960. In-book reference: Book 11, Hadith 195}}|He told of hearing God’s Messenger say, “If anyone wrongly takes a span of land God who is great and glorious will make him<b> dig it till he gets to the end of seven earths,</b> and then he will have it tied round his neck till the day of resurrection until men are judged.” | ||
Ahmad transmitted it.}} | |||
There is also a Da'if/weak chain (graded by Darussalam) of narration hadith referring to this, and so while it may not come from Muhammad, it does show early (and more contemporary) understanding of the verses which was evidently not a mysterious or confusing concept to them: | |||
{{Quote|{{Al Tirmidhi||5|44|3298}}|...Then he said: ‘Do you know what is under you?’ They said: ‘Allah and His Messenger know better.’ He said: ‘Indeed it is the earth.’ Then he said: ‘Do you know what is under that?’ They said: ‘Allah and His Messenger know better.’ He said: ‘Verily, below it is another earth, between the two of which is a distance of five-hundred years.’ <b>Until he enumerated seven earths:</b> ‘Between every two earths is a distance of five-hundred years.’ Then he said: ‘By the One in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad! If you were to send [a man] down with a rope to the lowest earth, then he would descend upon Allah.’ Then he recited: He is Al-Awwal, Al-Akhir, Az-Zahir Al-Batin, and He has knowledge over all things.”}} | |||
==Apologetic Claims== | ==Apologetic Claims== | ||
| Line 147: | Line 151: | ||
===Seven Universes=== | ===Seven Universes=== | ||
Another common apologetic claim is that these seven heavens are actually seven universes which we are yet to discover, and that we know only our one universe so far. | Another common apologetic claim is that these seven heavens are actually seven universes which we are yet to discover, and that we know only our one universe so far (due to the Quran stating the nearest/lowest heaven is adorned with stars which cover the known visible universe). | ||
The following verse contradicts such a claim since it says rain was made to fall from heaven. Certainly, rain does not come from outer space. The word used for heaven here is ''sama'', the same as that for the seven heavens. | ==== Gates and water of the universe ==== | ||
The following verse contradicts such a claim since it says rain was made to fall from heaven. Certainly, rain does not come from outer space, let alone from gates at the edge of the universe which would be ~46.5 billion light years away.<ref>[https://www.mos.org/mos-at-home/pulsar/how-far-away-is-the-edge-of-the-universe#:~:text=We're%20looking%20back%20in,again%2C%20is%20what%20cosmologists%20do. ''How Far Away is the Edge of the Universe?''] Museum of Science Podcast. Janine Myszka. </ref> The word used for heaven here is ''sama'', the same as that for the seven heavens. | |||
{{Quote|{{cite web|url=http://islamawakened.com/quran/54/11/default.htm |title=Qur'an 54:11 |publisher= |author= |date= |archiveurl= |deadurl=no}}|So We opened the gates of heaven, with water pouring forth. }} | {{Quote|{{cite web|url=http://islamawakened.com/quran/54/11/default.htm |title=Qur'an 54:11 |publisher= |author= |date= |archiveurl= |deadurl=no}}|So We opened the gates of heaven, with water pouring forth. }} | ||
< | ==== Earth created before the Universe ==== | ||
The Quran also has the Earth created before the heavens (universes) are created, while the heaven is 'smoke' (''see [[Quran and a Universe from Smoke]]''). Obviously the Earth cannot be created before the Universe is made: | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|41|9-12}}|Say: Is it that ye deny Him Who created the earth in two Days? And do ye join equals with Him? He is the Lord of (all) the Worlds. He set on the (earth), mountains standing firm, high above it, and bestowed blessings on the earth, and measure therein all things to give them nourishment in due proportion, in four Days, in accordance with (the needs of) those who seek (Sustenance). | |||
Then turned He to the heaven when it was smoke, and said unto it and unto the earth: Come both of you, willingly or loth. They said: We come, obedient. Then He ordained them seven heavens in two Days and inspired in each heaven its mandate; and We decked the nether heaven with lamps, and rendered it inviolable. That is the measuring of the Mighty, the Knower.}} | |||
==== The universe as a roof/ceiling ==== | |||
The sky/heavens are also called a roof/protected ceiling, which even being generous as a metaphorical interpretation does not match the description of a complex universe, however does perfectly match the antiquity view of the sky being a literal solid object, made up of 'firmaments': | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|2|22}}|[He] who made for you the earth a bed [spread out] and the sky a ceiling and sent down from the sky, rain and brought forth thereby fruits as provision for you. So do not attribute to Allah equals while you know [that there is nothing similar to Him].}}{{Quote|{{Quran|21|32}}|And We made the sky a protected ceiling, but they, from its signs, are turning away.}} | |||
==== The universe as day and night ==== | |||
''Main page: [[Geocentrism and the Quran]]'' | |||
The Quran also states that the night and morning are said to be an attribute of the heaven (l-samāu) which God built (banāhā) and raised (rafaʿa) as a ceiling (samkahā) and ordered it (fasawwāhā) when he created the heaven and earth. The possessive hā suffix in laylahā (its night) and ḍuḥāhā (its morning light (translated as 'forenoon' below) relates night and day to the heaven - which does not apply at all to the whole universe. | |||
In reality, the night and day we experience is a feature of the earth's rotation on its axis and is only applicable to Earth itself. There is no sense in which the earth's night and day apply across the wider cosmos as it would need to to be able to substitute the word/modern concept 'universe' with heaven/heavens (samā). | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|79|27-29}}|Is your creation more prodigious or that of the heaven He has built? He raised its vault and fashioned it, and <b>darkened its night</b>, and <b>brought forth its forenoon<b/>.}} | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||