WikiIslam:Citing, Linking, and Quoting: Difference between revisions

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==Ref Tags==
==Ref Tags==


Statements of facts, especially those that are likely to be challenged, must be appropriately referenced. These references must be provided via inline citations. A general list of references at the bottom of a page is of little use because they do not specify which particular statements they support.
All statements of facts, especially those that are likely to be challenged, must be referenced using inline citations. A general list of references at the bottom of a page is of little use because they do not specify which particular statements they support.


===Single Citation===
===Single Citation===
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==Cite Web==
==Cite Web==


The [[Template:Cite web|Cite Web]] template deals with the actual references i.e. the content that goes between the ref tags. Its use ensures that the formatting for references remains consistent throughout the site and also enable easy system-wide changes.
The [[Template:Cite web|Cite Web]] template deals with the actual references i.e. the content that goes between the ref tags. Its use ensures that the formatting for references remains consistent throughout the site and also enables easy system-wide changes.


When citing references in articles, it is important not to leave naked URLs. What is being referenced should be easily identifiable without having to leave the page through an external link. For example, this link:  
When citing references in articles, it is important not to leave naked URLs. What is being referenced should be easily identifiable without having to leave the page through an external link. For example, this link:  
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===Additional Parameters===
===Additional Parameters===


<pre>| accessdate= | series= | isbn= | page= | pages= | quote=
<pre>| accessdate= | series= | isbn= | page= | pages= | quote= | language=
</pre>
</pre>


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* page= Page number of the book/journal being cited.
* page= Page number of the book/journal being cited.
* pages= Page numbers of the book/journal being cited. Used when the information is spread over more than 1 page (e.g. 223-224).
* pages= Page numbers of the book/journal being cited. Used when the information is spread over more than 1 page (e.g. 223-224).
* language= Language of content being cited. Only needed for languages other than English


==Archived Links==
==Archived Links==
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===WebCitation.org===
===WebCitation.org===


Enter the target URL and any email address as that of the citing author on the WebCite archive form (http://www.webcitation.org/archive), then press submit. Using the "transparent" WebCite URL is preferred over the short one. This site archives PDF and other media files.
WebCite archives:
*Regular web pages
*Forum threads
*Blogs
*PDF and other media files
But it does ''not'' archive Facebook pages.
 
To archive a page, enter the target URL and any email address as that of the citing author on the WebCite archive form (http://www.webcitation.org/archive), then press submit. Using the "transparent" WebCite URL is preferred over the short one.


===Archive.is===
===Archive.is===


Enter the target URL into the "submit url" box (http://archive.is/) and press submit. You will then see the new archived URL that can be used in the 'archiveurl' parameter for the Cite Web template. This site does ''not'' archive PDF and other media files.
Archive.is archives:
*Regular web pages
*Forum threads
*Blogs
*Facebook pages
But it does ''not'' archive PDF and other media files.
 
To archive a page, enter the target URL into the "submit url" box (http://archive.is/) and press submit. You will then see the new archived URL that can be used in the 'archiveurl' parameter for the Cite Web template.


===Embedded Links===
===Embedded Links===
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The first parameter is the original URL, and the second parameter is the date it was archived. The date format is year-month-day, all in numbers rather than words (e.g. 2014-02-26 rather than February 26, 2014).
The first parameter is the original URL, and the second parameter is the date it was archived. The date format is year-month-day, all in numbers rather than words (e.g. 2014-02-26 rather than February 26, 2014).
If absolutely needed, embedded links to Wikipedia can be made by using the <tt><nowiki>[[w:Target article|Text]]</nowiki></tt> feature or <tt><nowiki>{{</nowiki>wp|article name}}</tt>. As with embedded links to other sites, these links should never be used as a form of inline citation.


==Islamic Text==
==Islamic Text==
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====Single Verse====
====Single Verse====


To reference a verse from the Qur'an type: <tt>{&#123;Quran|###|###}}</tt>
To reference a verse from the Qur'an type: <tt>{&#123;Quran|#|#}}</tt>


The first parameter is the chapter/surah number, while the second parameter is the verse number.
The first parameter is the chapter/surah number, while the second parameter is the verse number.
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====Multiple Verses====
====Multiple Verses====


To reference multiple verses from the Qur'an type: <tt>{&#123;Quran-range|###|###|###}}</tt>
To reference multiple verses from the Qur'an type: <tt>{&#123;Quran-range|#|#|#}}</tt>


The first parameter is the chapter/surah number, while the second parameter is the starting verse number, and the third parameter is the ending verse number.
The first parameter is the chapter/surah number, while the second parameter is the starting verse number, and the third parameter is the ending verse number.
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====Verse and Transliteration====
====Verse and Transliteration====


To reference a verse from the Qur'an along with its Romanized transliteration type: <tt>{&#123;Qtt|###|###}}</tt>
To reference a verse from the Qur'an along with its Romanized transliteration type: <tt>{&#123;Qtt|#|#}}</tt>


The first parameter is the chapter/surah number, while the second parameter is the verse number.
The first parameter is the chapter/surah number, while the second parameter is the verse number.
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====Referencing Bukhari====
====Referencing Bukhari====


To reference a hadith from [[Template:Bukhari|Bukhari]] type: <tt>{&#123;Bukhari|###|###|###}}</tt>
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Bukhari|Bukhari]] type: <tt>{&#123;Bukhari|#|#|#}}</tt>
The first parameter is the volume number, the second parameter is the book number and the third parameter is the narration number.
The first parameter is the volume number, the second parameter is the book number and the third parameter is the narration number.
By default, this will create a link using the USC-MSA hadith referencing system.
<b>Alternative Sahih Bukhari referencing systems can also be used.</b> You can cite a hadith using its Dar-us-Salam reference number (as found in the Dar-us-Salam print edition of Bukhari) by adding an additional parameter with the value "darussalam".
To do so type: <tt>{&#123;Bukhari|||#|darussalam}}</tt> (note that the first parameter for the volume number and second parameter for the book number are left empty for Dar-us-Salam Reference citations)
You can also cite a Bukhari hadith using the In-book reference convention (used on sunnah.com) by adding an additional parameter with the value "in-book".
To do so type: <tt>{&#123;Bukhari||#|#|in-book}}</tt> (note that the first parameter for the volume is left empty for in-book citations)
The book number in the In-book reference system corresponds with the book number in the Dar-us-Salam print edition of Bukhari, and the hadith number is an incremental number which starts at 1 for the first hadith in each book.
The alternative referencing systems allow hadiths to be cited that did not appear within the USC-MSA collection. It also allows a specific hadith to be cited when there are multiple hadiths with the same USC-MSA number (a link using the default USC-MSA referencing system would display a list of hadiths in that situation).


====Referencing Muslim====
====Referencing Muslim====


To reference a hadith from [[Template:Muslim|Muslim]] type: <tt>{&#123;Muslim|###|###}}</tt>
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Muslim|Muslim]] type: <tt>{&#123;Muslim|#|#}}</tt>


The first parameter is the book number and the second parameter is the narration number.
The first parameter is the book number and the second parameter is the narration number.


====Referencing Dawud====
By default, this will create a link using the USC-MSA hadith referencing system.
 
<b>Alternative Sahih Muslim referencing systems can also be used.</b> You can cite a hadith by a single hadith reference number as found in the Dar-us-Salam print edition of Sahih Muslim by adding an additional parameter with the value "reference". Please note that this is not the square bracket number in the Dar-us-Salam edition, but rather the round bracket number for the hadith in the same book, which was devised by the Islamic scholar Fuwad Abdul Baqi. This is a number commonly used when citing hadiths in Sahih Muslim.
 
To do so type: <tt>{&#123;Muslim||#|reference}}</tt> (note that the first parameter for the book number is left empty for Dar-us-Salam Reference citations)
 
You can also cite a Sahih Muslim hadith using the In-book reference convention (used on sunnah.com) by adding an additional parameter with the value "in-book".
 
To do so type: <tt>{&#123;Muslim|#|#|in-book}}</tt>
 
The book number in the In-book reference system corresponds with the book number in the Dar-us-Salam print edition of Sahih Muslim, and the hadith number is an incremental number which starts at 1 for the first hadith in each book.
 
The alternative referencing systems allow hadiths to be cited that did not appear within the USC-MSA collection. It also allows a specific hadith to be cited when there are multiple hadiths with the same USC-MSA number (a link using the default USC-MSA referencing system would display a list of hadiths in that situation).


To reference a hadith from [[Template:Abudawud|Dawud]] type: <tt>{&#123;Abudawud|###|####}}</tt>
====Referencing Abu Dawud====
 
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Abudawud|Abu Dawud]] type: <tt>{&#123;Abudawud|#|#}}</tt>


The first parameter is the book number and the second parameter is the narration number.
The first parameter is the book number and the second parameter is the narration number.
By default, this will create a link using the USC-MSA hadith referencing system. The USC-MSA (CMJE) partial collection for Abu Dawud only included roughly half of his hadiths.
<b>Alternative Abu Dawud referencing systems can also be used</b>, which cover the entire collection. You can cite a hadith using its Dar-us-Salam reference number (as found in the Dar-us-Salam print edition of Sunan Abu Dawud) by adding an additional parameter with the value "darussalam".
To do so type: <tt>{&#123;Abudawud||#|darussalam}}</tt> (note that the first parameter for the book number is left empty for Dar-us-Salam Reference citations)
You can also cite a Sunan Abu Dawud hadith using the reference system found in the translation of the entire Abu Dawud collection by Ahmad Hasan (this translation is used by USC-MSA and other popular sites). You can do this by adding an additional parameter with the value "hasan".
To do so type: <tt>{&#123;Abudawud||#|hasan}}</tt> (note that the first parameter for the book number is left empty for Ahmad Hasan reference citations - they are not used because his book numbers varied depending on the edition).
Ahmad Hasan's hadith (narration) numbers were also used by USC-MSA (for the hadiths in their partial collection). USC-MSA used the book numbers from the 1990 edition of Hasan's translation, which had 41 books unlike the other editions in which he put the same hadiths into 36 books.
The alternative referencing systems allow hadiths to be cited that did not appear within the USC-MSA collection. It also allows a specific hadith to be cited when there are multiple hadiths with the same USC-MSA number (a link using the default USC-MSA referencing system would display a list of hadiths in that situation).


====Referencing Muwatta====
====Referencing Muwatta====


To reference a hadith from [[Template:Muwatta|Malik's Muwatta]] type: <tt>{&#123;Muwatta|###|###|###|}}</tt>
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Muwatta|Malik's Muwatta]] type: <tt>{&#123;Muwatta|#||#}}</tt> (note the empty 2nd parameter)
 
The first parameter is the book number, the second parameter is the section number (no longer used), and the third parameter is the narration number. If you do happen to know the section number (second parameter) for the hadith you are citing, put it in anyway as it might be useful one day.
 
:<i>An optional fourth parameter allowed a suffix to be added to the narration number (no longer used, but put it in if you know there is one in case it's useful one day). The disused 2nd and 4th parameters are retained for the sake of earlier citations which had them, and their values are visible on the pages although not included in the links (except when they were mistakenly used for the book and hadith number - the template can detect this).</i>
 
By default, this will create a link using the USC-MSA hadith referencing system.
 
<b>An alternative Muwatta referencing system can be used</b> by adding an additional parameter with the value "in-book". This is called 'Arabic reference' for Muwatta Malik on sunnah.com.


The first parameter is the book number, the second parameter is the section number and the third parameter is the narration number.
To do so type: <tt>{&#123;Muwatta|#||#||in-book}}</tt> (note the empty 2nd and 4th parameters)
 
The alternative referencing system allows hadiths to be cited that did not appear within the USC-MSA collection. It also allows a specific hadith to be cited when there are multiple hadiths with the same USC-MSA number (a link using the default USC-MSA referencing system would display a list of hadiths in that situation).}}


====Referencing Tirmidhi====
====Referencing Tirmidhi====


To reference a hadith from [[Template:Al Tirmidhi|Tirmidhi]] type: <tt><nowiki>{{Al Tirmidhi|###|###|###|###}}</nowiki></tt>
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Al Tirmidhi|Tirmidhi]] type: <tt><nowiki>{{Al Tirmidhi||#|#|#}}</nowiki></tt> (note the empty first parameter)
 
The first parameter is the book number on sunnah.com (can be left blank), the second parameter is the volume number, the third parameter is the book number, and the forth parameter is the narration number.
 
This provides the full citation as found in the Dar-us-Salam print edition of Jami` at-Tirmidhi (this is the reference called "English translation" on sunnah.com).
 
The first parameter was used by the old template to link to the relevant book on sunnah.com. It is no longer used and can be left empty, but is retained for the sake of existing citations that used 4 parameters. It is recommended to input this parameter in case it is ever needed in future.
 
 
====Referencing Nasa'i====
 
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Al Nasai|Nasai'i]] type: <tt><nowiki>{{Al Nasai||#|#|#}}</nowiki></tt> (note the empty first parameter)
 
The first parameter can be left blank, the second parameter is the volume number, the third parameter is the book number, and the forth parameter is the narration number.
 
This provides the full citation as found in the Dar-us-Salam print edition of Sunan an-Nasa'i (this is the reference called "English translation" on sunnah.com).


The first parameter is the URL ending (book number), the second parameter is the volume number, the third parameter is the book number, and the forth parameter is the narration number.
The first parameter is no longer used and can be left empty, but is retained for the sake of existing citations that used 4 parameters. It was used by the old template to link to the relevant book on sunnah.com. In any case for Nasa'i it was always the same as the book number in the 3rd parameter, so was redundant anyway.


====Referencing Nasai====


To reference a hadith from [[Template:Al Nasai|Nasai]] type: <tt><nowiki>{{Al Nasai|###|###|###|###}}</nowiki></tt>
====Referencing Ibn Majah====


The first parameter is the URL ending (book number), the second parameter is the volume number, the third parameter is the book number, and the forth parameter is the narration number.
To reference a hadith from [[Template:Ibn Majah|Ibn Majah]] type: <tt><nowiki>{{Ibn Majah||#|#|#}}</nowiki></tt> (note the empty first parameter)


====Referencing Majah====
The first parameter can be left blank, the second parameter is the volume number, the third parameter is the book number, and the forth parameter is the narration number.


To reference a hadith from [[Template:Ibn Majah|Majah]] type: <tt><nowiki>{{Ibn Majah|###|###|###|###}}</nowiki></tt>
This provides the full citation as found in the Dar-us-Salam print edition of Sunan Ibn Majah (this is the reference called "English translation" on sunnah.com).


The first parameter is the URL ending (book number), the second parameter is the volume number, the third parameter is the book number, and the forth parameter is the narration number.
The first parameter is no longer used and can be left empty, but is retained for the sake of existing citations that used 4 parameters. It was used by the old template to link to the relevant book on sunnah.com. In any case for Ibn Majah it was always the same as the book number in the 3rd parameter, so was redundant anyway.


===Referencing Sirah===
===Referencing Sirah===
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==Quotation Boxes==
==Quotation Boxes==


When quoting a source, type {&#123;Quote|###|###}}
When quoting a source, type: <tt>{&#123;Quote|###|###}}</tt>


The first parameter is the reference for the text being quoted (this parameters can be left empty if references are being cited via ref tags). The second parameter is where the actual text is placed.
The first parameter is the reference for the text being quoted (this parameters can be left empty if references are being cited via ref tags). The second parameter is where the actual quotation is placed.


===Islamic Texts===
===Islamic Texts===
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'''Bold''' or ''italic'' emphasis may be added to quotations, but {{underline|underlining}} and ALLCAPS should be avoided.
'''Bold''' or ''italic'' emphasis may be added to quotations, but {{underline|underlining}} and ALLCAPS should be avoided.
===General Sources===
For quoting general sources, a modified version of the [[#Cite_Web|Cite Web]] template is used (minimal and additional parameters remain unchanged).
::<tt><nowiki>{{cite web quotebox|url= |title= |publisher= |author= |date= |archiveurl= |deadurl=no}}</nowiki></tt>
The modified Cite Web template must be placed within the first parameter of the quotation box template. For example, this link and all of the relevant information:
::<tt>http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=19888</tt>
When applied to the modified Cite Web template and the quotations template:
::<tt><nowiki>{{Quote|{{cite web quotebox|url= http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=19888|title= Productivity suffers during holy month|publisher= The Jordan Times|author= Mohammad Ghazal|date= September 10, 2009|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=19888&date=2011-04-04|deadurl=no}}|The holy month at the time of the Prophet Mohammad and his companions was a time of great achievements and crucial battles won by the Muslims, Sharia (Islamic law) scholar Hamdi Murad said Wednesday.}}</nowiki></tt>
Should produce this:
::{{Quote|{{cite web quotebox|url= http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=19888|title= Productivity suffers during holy month|publisher= The Jordan Times|author= Mohammad Ghazal|date= September 10, 2009|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=19888&date=2011-04-04|deadurl=no}}|The holy month at the time of the Prophet Mohammad and his companions was a time of great achievements and crucial battles won by the Muslims, Sharia (Islamic law) scholar Hamdi Murad said Wednesday.}}


==See Also==
==See Also==
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[[Category:Help Pages]]
[[Category:Help Pages]]
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