em-bypass-2
1,979
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Saggy
Joined 28 December 2013
→Zoroastrian Persia war
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[http://www.persepolis.nu/timeline-letters.htm] and details of persecution and massacres | [http://www.persepolis.nu/timeline-letters.htm] and details of persecution and massacres | ||
==Christian scholar== | |||
[http://www.ncregister.com/blog/edward-pentin/jesuit-scholar-seeking-to-defend-islam-at-all-costs-is-betraying-the-truth] | |||
{{Quote||All attempts to reform Islam by liberal open-minded Muslims have tragically failed so far and I doubt that a ‘reformed Islam’ will still remain ‘Islam’. Here are six unsuccessful attempts to reform Islam in the last two centuries: | |||
1. Reformism in the 19th century: Afghani, Mohamed Abdo, Rashid Reda | |||
2. The Renaissance — or Nahda — in late 19th-early 20th century: Yasji, Girgi Zeidan, Taha Hussein, Salama Moussa, Tewfik el-Hakim… | |||
3. Kemalism and the secularization of the Turkish state — Kemal Atatürk — 1923 | |||
4. The Baath and its Pan-Arabism ideology: Michel Aflaq, Bitar, George Habash and the PLO | |||
5. Egyptian nationalism and the neutrality of the state (principle of secularism) – 1919 : Saad Zaghloul: "Religion is God’s affair and the State everybody’s. " | |||
6. Reversal of the decree on the abrogating and abrogated. At the instigation of El-Azhar institution, Mahmoud Mohamed Taha was hanged in Khartoum on 18.1.1985 for wanting to give the pre-eminence to the Mekkan verses over the Medina ones inciting to war, hated and intolerance.}} | |||
==Genocides== | ==Genocides== | ||